b*****d
发帖数: 61690 | 1 【 以下文字转载自 Faculty 讨论区 】
发信人: brihand (brihand), 信区: Faculty
标 题: NIH要和foundation合作资助unfunded proposal
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Fri Jun 17 13:20:56 2016, 美东)
http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/8/331/331ed3
Funding unfunded NIH research applications
The Biomedical Research Funding Enterprise Provides The Infrastructure that
leads to new medical products that impact global health. Throughout history,
the long and successful tradition in the United States of investing in
biomedical research involves funding ... 阅读全帖 |
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b*****d
发帖数: 61690 | 2 http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/8/331/331ed3
Funding unfunded NIH research applications
The Biomedical Research Funding Enterprise Provides The Infrastructure that
leads to new medical products that impact global health. Throughout history,
the long and successful tradition in the United States of investing in
biomedical research involves funding support by government, nonprofit
biomedical foundations, pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, and
other private funds. However, even with the ... 阅读全帖 |
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a*b
发帖数: 9 | 3 Someone wants to apply a grant by combining ideas of one of my funded grants
and one unfunded grant. I would like to know what happens if I publish
papers using the same idea later. |
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a*b
发帖数: 9 | 4 Actually, my unfunded one got a very good score. However, due to some
constraints, I cannot resubmit it. Now a senior people requested my poposal
for a new submission.
However, I will definitely use the ideas in my proposal to publish papers.
What is the best excuse to refuse its request? |
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d****e
发帖数: 340 | 5 cornel, who care about UCLA unfunded |
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t********t
发帖数: 5415 | 6 BU unfunded的话经济上会比较辛苦。这地方太TMD贵了。不过手机要押金不是真的，带
个手机过来入tmobile随便入。至于生活条件完全看自己要求，一个月1500的studio和
500块住malden的地下室都有。
PS：我不是econ的，所以专业问题我没有发言权。 |
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l****z
发帖数: 29846 | 7 Apocalypse Illinois: IOUs Projected to Hit $10.5 Billion, $163 Billion
Total Accumulated Liabilities
Flat Out Broke
Illinois is in serious fiscal trouble. Unpaid bills will hit about $10.5
billion later this year, counting unpaid lotto winners and state university
bills.
Lotto is a small problem overall, yet symbolic of the mess the state is in.
Because Illinois has no current budget, the state does not pay lotto winners
. Instead it sends the winners IOUs. Yesterday, two Illinois lottery winner... 阅读全帖 |
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b********n
发帖数: 38600 | 8 http://theeconomiccollapseblog.com/archives/22-facts-about-the-
22 Facts About The Coming Demographic Tsunami That Could Destroy Our Economy
All By Itself
US economy is steadily declining.
1. Right now, there are somewhere around 40 million senior citizens in the
United States. By 2050 that number is projected to skyrocket to 89 million.
2. According to the Employee Benefit Research Institute, 46 percent of all
American workers have less than $10,000 saved for retirement, and 29 percent
of all ... 阅读全帖 |
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b********n
发帖数: 38600 | 9 http://charlesbiderman.com/2014/08/04/us-is-bankrupt-89-5-trill
US is Bankrupt: $89.5 Trillion in US Liabilities vs. $82 Trillion in
Household Net Worth & The Gap is Growing.
We Now Await the Nature of the Cramdown.
By Chris Hamilton
There are many ways to look at the United States government debt,
obligations, and assets. Liabilities include Treasury debt held by the
public or more broadly total Treasury debt outstanding. There’s unfunded
liabilities like Medicare and Social Security. And th... 阅读全帖 |
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b********n
发帖数: 38600 | 10 “Look, you have $18.1 trillion in official debt, you have $42 trillion in
unfunded liabilities, and you’re kind of a dick. I’m dumping you.
Many estimates are much higher:
$205 Trillion in Unfunded Liabilities
The $205 trillion fiscal gap is enormous. It’s 10% of the present value of
all future GDP. Equivalently, it corresponds to 10% of GDP year in and year
out for as far as the eye can see. To raise 10% of GDP each year we could (a
) raise all federal taxes, immediately and permanently, by 57%... 阅读全帖 |
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D*V
发帖数: 3096 | 11 http://theeconomiccollapseblog.com/archives/22-facts-about-the-
22 Facts About The Coming Demographic Tsunami That Could Destroy Our Economy
All By Itself
US economy is steadily declining.
1. Right now, there are somewhere around 40 million senior citizens in the
United States. By 2050 that number is projected to skyrocket to 89 million.
2. According to the Employee Benefit Research Institute, 46 percent of all
American workers have less than $10,000 saved for retirement, and 29 percent
of all A... 阅读全帖 |
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g***y
发帖数: 1268 | 12 你不用操心，只要政府不禁止民间资本，民企自然会把国企挤垮。这个过程被胡温的国
进民退给打断而已。
usdebtclock上最底下的是ss unfunded liability. 你把前三项加起来就是US “
unfunded” liability.
这里 “unfunded” liability不是总量，而是总量减去税收，也就是你说的缺口。
你自己引的话，你也不仔细读。
Obama的意思是ss不是大头，因为大头是medicare. 你看usdebtclock的数字也知道。
加州那位的意思是到目前为止，ss还收支平衡，因为baby boomer才刚开始退休，现在
的年轻人还养得起老人，未来他就不敢说了。
美国的公共债务上限是16.4万亿美元，现在已经快16.8了。缺口是未来欠的债，国债是
过去欠的债，两码事。
term |
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z*****a
发帖数: 3809 | 13 【 以下文字转载自 Military 讨论区 】
发信人: beijingren (to thine own self be true), 信区: Military
标 题: 22 Facts About The Coming Demographic Tsunami
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Tue Feb 11 22:36:16 2014, 美东)
http://theeconomiccollapseblog.com/archives/22-facts-about-the-
22 Facts About The Coming Demographic Tsunami That Could Destroy Our Economy
All By Itself
US economy is steadily declining.
1. Right now, there are somewhere around 40 million senior citizens in the
United States. By 2050 that number is projected to sky... 阅读全帖 |
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l****z
发帖数: 29846 | 14 【 以下文字转载自 USANews 讨论区 】
发信人: zhubaba (猪爸爸), 信区: USANews
标 题: 22 Facts About The Coming Demographic Tsunami (转载)
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Wed Feb 12 09:06:13 2014, 美东)
发信人: beijingren (to thine own self be true), 信区: Military
标 题: 22 Facts About The Coming Demographic Tsunami
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Tue Feb 11 22:36:16 2014, 美东)
http://theeconomiccollapseblog.com/archives/22-facts-about-the-
22 Facts About The Coming Demographic Tsunami That Could Destroy Our Economy
All By Itself
US economy is steadily declini... 阅读全帖 |
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g******4
发帖数: 6339 | 15 设置为公布的芝加哥联邦公民今天的一份报告显示，大量的市，县的10个公共养老金计
划的资金没有着落的养老金负债已达到近230亿美元。这一数额，再加上芝加哥的国家
的资金没有着落的养老金负债的份额，加起来总的11,934美元每一位男人，妇女和儿童
在芝加哥拖欠。
十年前，合并后的城市和国家的资金没有着落的养老金负债总额为2442美元，只有六分
之一的电流值。
从公民联合会的报告涉及到一个相同的结论的报告11月在芝加哥论坛报大约是城里人，
和纳税人所欠的巨额债务的故事系列。
A report set to be released today by the Chicago Civic Federation, shows
that the massive unfunded pension liability of the city and county’s 10
public pension plans has reached nearly $23 billion. That amount, plus
Chicago’s share of the state’s unfunded pension... 阅读全帖 |
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g******4
发帖数: 6339 | 16
这位先生懂行:
Joseph L. Pagliari is a clinical professor of real estate at the University
of Chicago's Booth School of Business.
-------------
As everyone knows, the housing market experienced a substantial rise in
prices — a “bubble” if you like — in the early to mid-2000s, only to be
followed by an equally significant fall in home prices.
Many of the markets that experienced the greatest rise in home prices were
also the markets that saw the greatest decline. (This seems particularly
true of the so... 阅读全帖 |
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g******4
发帖数: 6339 | 17
http://www.chicagobusiness.com/article/20130219/OPINION/1302197
A number of long-term, structural factors have contributed to Chicago's
sluggish performance, but let me focus on just one: the declining financial
health of the city, county and state. As one well-known example of the state
's deteriorating financial health, consider Moody's recent downgrade of
Illinois' credit rating to the worst in the nation. At the root of the
financial problem lies the state's unfunded pension liabilities — b... 阅读全帖 |
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b*x
发帖数: 5456 | 18 Illinois Pension Blowup
State judges tell taxpayers to pay for political-union failure.
Public servants join Illinois AFL-CIO members during a pension rally at the
State Capitol in Springfield, Ill., in 2011. ENLARGE
Public servants join Illinois AFL-CIO members during a pension rally at the
State Capitol in Springfield, Ill., in 2011. PHOTO: SETH PERLMAN/ASSOCIATED
PRESS
May 8, 2015 6:44 p.m. ET
588 COMMENTS
The Constitution is not a suicide pact—except maybe in Illinois. On Friday
the Illinois... 阅读全帖 |
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s*********8
发帖数: 901 | 19 Today, our national federal debt far exceeds $15 trillion. This alone is not
a serious problem. The interest we pay on these debts is small – thanks to
the trust of our creditors, who, for the moment, continue to believe
America is a safe bet.
So… what's the problem? The main problem is the amount of debt we owe
continues to increase at a faster and faster pace. This is exceptionally
dangerous for two simple reasons. First, there's simple math. When numbers
compound, the result is geometric expa... 阅读全帖 |
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s*********8
发帖数: 901 | 20 read this part:
The $15.3 trillion we owe today is really only a minor down payment on
promises the federal government made to its most important creditors – the
American people. Not yet included in our debt totals are the $15 trillion
shortfall in Social Security (thanks to the Democrats), the $20 trillion
unfunded prescription drug benefit (thanks to the Republicans), or the $115
trillion unfunded Medicare liability (thanks to the Democrats and
Republicans). |
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T**********e
发帖数: 29576 | 21
没听说修池子把雨水留在自家就能减税的。这个税是因为EPA要把Chesapeake Bay注入
盐成分减少15-22%,本质上是为了收148亿刀上来喂饱环保团体和环保工业。
这些环保人群为巴马选举立过大功了。
In 2010 the Obama administration’s Environmental Protection Agency
ordered Maryland to reduce stormwater runoff into the Chesapeake Bay so that
nitrogen levels fall 22 percent and phosphorus falls 15 percent from
current amounts. The price tag: $14.8 billion.
And where do we get the $14.8 billion? By taxing so-called “impervious
surfaces,” anything that prevents rain water from seepin... 阅读全帖 |
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d*****s
发帖数: 5610 | 22 这个太明显了，
小Bush上台前，看看数据，根本没有什么问题，政府财政很好。
小Bush上台后，花了3万亿打仗，并且是unfunded,都是借钱打仗，然后通过给老人的
prescription plan，也是unfunded，就是借来的。
然后就是金融危机，花街要破产，政府只好再借钱救花街。经济萧条，政府只能再救，
现在发现欠钱太多。
从2000年到现在，谁从政府拿到大头：
1.军工产业的老板
2.花街的大拿
3.一些老人
现在要谁来付这笔帐，很明显，花街是too big to fail,人家绝对不可能掏腰包，军工
更不可能，那可是共和党的娇宝宝。一些老人，谁敢碰？老人投票率一直很高，如果砍
他们，选票没有的。
现在要碰的，这个一看就明白是谁了：
1.先砍政府雇员。
2.再砍非军事的其他开销。
3.给中产阶级隐形加税，反正美国非富人基本很多都是脑子笨笨的，也搞不清楚怎么回
事。只要嘴巴上面说说减税，然后背地加税就可以了，这些中产的太好糊弄了，都骗了
他们30年了，一点事都没有。 |
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l****z
发帖数: 29846 | 23 Newsmax
Your Share of Uncle Sam's Debt: $534,000
Saturday, July 16, 2011 12:38 PM
By: Forrest Jones
The gap between the money Washington takes into its coffers to pay its IOUs
and what it actually owes on those IOUs is taking on Grand-Canyonesque
proportions, with unfunded liabilities hovering around $62 trillion,
according to a USA Today analysis.
Yes, trillions, and trillions. And that breaks down to a staggering $534,000
per U.S. household, USA Today's analysis finds. By the end of September,... 阅读全帖 |
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l****z
发帖数: 29846 | 24 Moody's Cuts Chicago Bond Rating to Junk; City Faces $2.2 Billion in Various
Termination Fees; Irresponsible to Tell the Truth
The shockingly bad fiscal health of Chicago just got a lot worse. Not only
were Chicago Teachers "Insulted by a 7% Pay Cut Offer", the Illinois Supreme
Court ruled Illinois' 2013 pension reform is unconstitutional.
Moody's Cuts Chicago Bond Rating to Junk
As a result of the Supreme Court ruling, Illinois' already horrendously
underfunded pension plans are even more under... 阅读全帖 |
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m*******e
发帖数: 68 | 25 "我能理解他们很忙。我的问题是既然他们已经决定了FUNDED的项目，为什么不通知我
们呢？现在FASTLANE里还是PENDING，没有任何更新。"
I guess the rationale is that NSF program directors purposely delay issues
decisions to those unfunded PIs. NSF simply do not want to see that those
PIs quickly revise unfunded proposals by stating that they have incoprorated
reviewers' comments. Otherwise, NSF would be piled up with revised proposals
from last submission season...
So the strategy is that NSF tells the bad news after or very close to Fall submission deadl |
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c**********0
发帖数: 836 | 26 He made decision on all proposals funded together. I called him earlier
and he said that he has not made decision on any proposal and will make
decision in around 1 month. After 1 month, I got his email. I dont know
if this PO sends notification to unfunded proposals though. but I know
that some proposal in the same program that is handled by another PO is
still pending, but the status of the fastlane has changed. dont know why
they delay the notification of unfunded proposals - wait for more m |
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N********n
发帖数: 8363 | 27
I'm aware US economy has made NO structural change to fix the debt
problem. It's still a net-consumption economy as the perennial trade
deficit shows. It still has huge unfunded welfare such as SS, Medicaid
and Medicare. Now they add another unfunded ObamaCare to it. Just more
debt to come.
All that "budget surplus" is just smoke and mirror or lipsticks on
this ugly fiscal pig AKA US Economy. |
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C********1
发帖数: 5281 | 28 The city's largest creditors are the General Retirement System of the City
of Detroit ($2.037 billion in unfunded liabilities), the Police and Fire
Retirement System of the City of Detroit ($1.437 billion in unfunded and
accrued pension liabilities), U.S. Bank N.A. as a trustee for pension
certificate holders ($801 million), U.S. Bank as a trustee for other pension
certificates ($516 million), U.S. Bank as trustee for other pension
liabilities ($153 million), U.S. Bank as a bond registrar and tr... 阅读全帖 |
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a**********2
发帖数: 355 | 29 PLEASE Note - This is not research and is not intended as such. This has
been prepared by individuals on the sales/trading desks of the Securities
Division. This material does not represent a formal or official view of
Goldman Sachs as the views expressed herein are solely those of the author(s
), which may differ from those of Global Investment Research. All prices
are indicative only. All references to “we/our” refer to the observations
of the sales and trading desk.
NY ROUNDUP – Tuesday, A... 阅读全帖 |
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g******4
发帖数: 6339 | 30 Posted: Dec 09, 2013 4:57 PM CST Updated: Dec 09, 2013 5:01 PM CST
CHICAGO (Associated Press) -
By SARA BURNETT
Associated Press
It's not the vision of a world class city that Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel
typically likes to portray.
More teachers losing their jobs, thousands fewer police and firefighters on
duty, less frequent trash collection and miles of potholed roads going
unrepaired -- all as property taxes soar.
But that's the scenario Emanuel and others have said could befall the nation
's ... 阅读全帖 |
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b*x
发帖数: 5456 | 31 http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/02/27/us-usa-chicago-swaps-
(Reuters) - Chicago drew closer to a fiscal free fall on Friday with a
rating downgrade from Moody's Investors Service that could trigger the
immediate termination of four interest-rate swap agreements, costing the
city about $58 million and raising the prospect of more broken swaps
contracts.
The downgrade to Baa2, just two steps above junk, and a warning the rating
could fall further still, means the third-biggest U.S. city could ... 阅读全帖 |
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g******4
发帖数: 6339 | 32
including
Illinois Cracking Under Weight Of Public Pensions
Seated in his office in Chicago, wearing neither a necktie nor a frown,
Republican Gov. Bruce Rauner is remarkably relaxed for someone at the
epicenter of a crisis now in its second year and with no end in sight. But,
then, stress is pointless when the situation is hopeless. Besides, if you
can ignore the fact that self-government is failing in the nation's fifth-
most populous state, you can see real artistry in the self-dealing by th... 阅读全帖 |
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y****t
发帖数: 10233 | 33 I know, inconvenient truths are equal to "lies" to libt*rds.
ObamaCare's $17 Trillion Surprise
The federal government’s unfunded health care obligations have grown by a
whopping $17 trillion since the passage of President Obama’s controversial
reform bill, a new study has found.
Staff at the Senate Budget Committee, which calculated the figure using
methods based on those used by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid
Services (CMS), found that total unfunded obligations for federal health
care p... 阅读全帖 |
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S***l
发帖数: 320 | 34 Pete Constant, retired police officer and union board member, argues for
pension reform
By JONDI GUMZ - Santa Cruz Sentinelsantacruzsentinel.com
Posted: 04/20/2012 08:38:32 PM PDT
April 21, 2012 3:43 AM GMTUpdated: 04/20/2012 08:41:31 PM PDT
SANTA CRUZ - San Jose City Councilman Pete Constant, a Republican, retired
police officer and union board member, came to Santa Cruz on Friday at the
invitation of the California Senior Alliance to explain why he's pushing
pension reform.
The Cocoanut Gr... 阅读全帖 |
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t**********e
发帖数: 6 | 35 To understand whether a budgeted $4.5 million increase in labor costs is
justified, here are some facts about ACWD’s employee compensation:
– More than half of employees received at least $150,000 in total
compensation in 2013. [9]
– Employees have received annual raises since at least 2003. [10]
– Employees received a cumulative 21.7% raise during the Great
Recession years of 2008 through 2012 (tied for the highest raise given in
Alameda County government agencies). [... 阅读全帖 |
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a******r
发帖数: 786 | 36 这里那么多人连最基本的MD PhD 的规则都不懂
靠谱的MD PhD 基本是MSTP，就是NIH fund program，不收外国人，也非常selective。
当然也有非MSTP 的MD PhD，比如usc的， PhD 是在Caltech。值得注意的是，UCLA 的
MDPhD 是MSTP，PhD 也可以在Caltech。 所以洛杉矶地区，MD PhD 的区别就不大，虽
然一个是MSTP 一个不是。
并不是所有的MD PhD 都七八年学费全免，当然所有MSTP 都是全免，非MSTP 还有
funded 跟unfunded 两种。unfunded MD 部分还要交学费。
MD PhD 多出 3-4年，一般的MD 还loan 也要3-4年（post residency／fellow）。金钱
上几乎没有差别。
PhD 一般3-4 年，因为时间的原因，一般thesis质量肯定跟不上同学校的PhD。但是差
距不算大。
有review 总结一般MD PhD 比MD 临床时间要少，技术略差，出错多。
还有review 发现 MD PhD vs PhD 在拿第一个R01 的年龄上没有差别。
现在很... 阅读全帖 |
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m***e
发帖数: 428 | 37 ：《中国社会科学》2013年9期 作者：计秋枫
内容提要：英国虽 然一直是欧洲的一个重要国家，但只是从1688年的光荣革命后
才开始真正崛起，1763年七年战争结束，英国方成为无可撼动的世界性强国。促成近代
英国崛 起的要素包括：君主立宪制度保证了国家决策程序最大限度地体现国家的整体
利益，从而激发了英国的潜能；运行良好的国债体系使英国政府得以聚集对外进取所需
的巨额资金；不断壮大的海军力量及其“蓝水”政策使英国拥有了保障国家安全和进
行海外开拓的有力工具；既面向欧洲大陆又面向海外贸易及殖民地的双向战略使 英国
在维持欧陆均势的同时全力拓展海外战略空间。
关 键 词：英国 崛起 大战略 海权 国际关系史
作者简介：计秋枫，南京大学历史系教授。
长期以来，国内外史学界对近代英国的崛起给予了很多关注，相关的论著可谓汗
牛充栋。其中的一些著述强调英国工业革命的重要作用，以致给人一种印象，即近 代
英国的崛起主要归因于在英国率先开始的工业革命。这其实是一个似是而非的错觉。因
为，所谓“崛起”，是一个特定的概念，特指一个相对弱小的国家在它所处 国际体系
内力量排位的快速提升，成为该体系内的一流大... 阅读全帖 |
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u****n
发帖数: 7521 | 38 http://www.thetrumpet.com/index.php?q=7835.6441.0.0
It’s Hard to Watch Your Country Die －One can’t help but sigh and cry.
看到你的祖国死去很痛苦，只有止不住的叹息和哭泣。
America suffers with several ills from which it will not recover. This
reality is becoming inescapably plain.
美国正在遭受病痛的折磨，这个病好不了了。这是一个不可避免的（inescapable）而
且很简单的（ plain）事实。
原文链接＋全文
＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
It’s Hard to Watch Your Country Die
January 12, 2011 | From theTrumpet.com
One can’t help but sigh and cry.
Robert Gates says don’t underestimate Ame... 阅读全帖 |
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m*******o
发帖数: 4236 | 39 居然冒充毛头小伙子，拜托不要给无知的人上课了，继续愚昧下去是他们快乐的保证
这篇COMMENT 是一个化名NanoEngineer在CNN此篇文章下发表的http://www.cnn.com/2011/POLITICS/01/20/china.us.visit/index.html?hpt=T2
Please excuse my spelling and grammar as English is not my first language.
The Art of War, an ancient Chinese military text that's older than Jesus and
has been read by virtually every literate Chinese male in the world,
advises that the most skillful victory is one in where the enemy is defeated
wit... more
Please excuse my spelling and grammar as ... 阅读全帖 |
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H****g
发帖数: 14447 | 40 那你来读读下面这段话，看看你说的和人家分析的是啥区别？
Long Term, Consequences of Inaction Could Be Severe
If USA Inc.’s “managers” and “board” continue to ignore
rising
unfunded entitlement spending, investors could eventually demand
a higher return to lend money to USA Inc. – leading to rising bond
yields / higher borrowing costs for USA Inc. At some point, USA
Inc.’s currency could also weaken significantly. |
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s*******h
发帖数: 3219 | 42 【 以下文字转载自 Collectibles 讨论区 】
发信人: hopeusw (云子), 信区: Collectibles
标 题: 刚看了这个关于美债的比方,挺不错的.
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sat Oct 12 18:10:37 2013, 美东)
转载的:
刚刚看了一个文章关于美国政府的财政状况。如果是个家庭的话，早就该破产了。这些
数字触目惊心，所以想想退休以后别指望期待养老金，还是买个小农场，自给自足算了。
我把那个文章的意思大概翻译一下，去年的数字----
联邦收入: $2,902,000,000,000
预算支出: $3,803,000,000,000
当年赤字: $901,000,000,000
账面债务: $16,800,000,000,000
实际债务: $62,000,000,000,000 (including unfunded obligation)
计划削减开支: $120,000,000,000
2009年政府资产：$1,400,000,000,000 (包括债权，投资，房地产，武器）
这些天文数字对于一般人来说已经失去了意义，... 阅读全帖 |
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b********n
发帖数: 38600 | 43 The current US national debt exceeds $18 Trillion and there is another $212
Trillion in unfunded liabilities. ... This is un-payable for the American
people, hence the country is actually in a default crisis.
However, the untold story here is the loss of confidence is in US currency
worldwide. Washington has resorted to imposing 'sanctions' to control others
, but even they are not working.
So even as the the dollar remains No.1, its clout is clearly on the wane.
Some recent facts:
-- It now mak... 阅读全帖 |
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b********n
发帖数: 38600 | 44 Americans generally know that:
The Fed has increased the money supply by $3.1 trillion.
The US has $17.5 trillion of debt.
The US has $127 trillion of unfunded liabilities.
So now for a dollar of debt in the late 1970s, the US is only getting $.41
in growth, so, obviously, that's a huge drop-off.
You know what that number is today? Today, the US only get $.03 in growth
for every $1 of debt.
So we're piling on the debt, but we're getting less and less growth.
As the trend goes from $2.41 to $.41 ... 阅读全帖 |
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G****e
发帖数: 1912 | 45 长期以来，国内外史学界对近代英国的崛起给予了很多关注，相关的论著可谓汗牛充栋
。其中的一些著述强调英国工业革命的重要作用，以致给人一种印象，即近代英国的崛
起主要归因于在英国率先开始的工业革命。这其实是一个似是而非的错觉。因为，所谓
“崛起”，是一个特定的概念，特指一个相对弱小的国家在它所处 国际体系内力量排
位的快速提升，成为该体系内的一流大国；至于数一数二的顶级大国继续壮大的历程，
或一流大国之间的相互赶超，则不应划入“崛起”的范畴。 换言之，“崛起”不是指
一国力量“绝对值”的不断提高(因为近代以来几乎所有国家的绝对力量都在不断增长)
，而是指较弱小国家之国力在国际力量对比中的 “相对值”的急剧上升。
就此而言，英国从1688年之前的一个欧洲二流国家壮大为1763年西方世界的头号强国，
完成了崛起的过程。在此之后发生的工业革 命，虽然促使了英国经济实力之绝对值的
急剧提升，使其工业生产能力遥遥领先于其他欧洲国家，但它仅仅是巩固和增强了英国
已有的大国地位，或者说是促使英国 崛起后的继续壮大。
一些研究近代前期历史的著作涉及工业革命前英国的崛起，如美国学者马汉的经典著作
《海权对历... 阅读全帖 |
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l*y
发帖数: 21010 | 46 http://www.nobellaureatesforclinton.us/economics/
OPEN LETTER TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE FROM RECIPIENTS OF THE SVERIGES RIKSBANK
PRIZE IN ECONOMIC SCIENCES IN MEMORY OF ALFRED NOBEL
October 31, 2016
We are Nobel Laureates in Economics who strongly endorse and support Hillary
Clinton's candidacy for President of the United States.
We have diverse views about many policy issues, such as how big a safety net
the government should provide, how best to promote growth and innovation,
and what tax rates a... 阅读全帖 |
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t***h
发帖数: 5601 | 47 Nature Biotechnology | Editorial | doi:10.1038/nbt.3938
Time for the data to speak
Published online, 2 August 2017
http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nbt.3938.html
在社论中，一项宣称通过Argonaute酶实现基因编辑的研究被撤回，这显示了论文
发表后的同行评议在全天候媒体时代的重要性。
韩春雨的这篇论文自去年发表后所产生的影响力，再怎么夸张地说也不为过，尤其
是在论文的来源地中国。中国媒体纷纷进行报道，以大标题宣告一项全新基因编辑系统
的发现。这无疑是一篇中国去年被报道最多的论文；媒体监测公司融文（Meltwater）
的数据显示，仅在论文发表后的最初两个月，就有将近4000篇相关的中文新闻报道。
NgAgo的轰动之处集中在它有可能补充，甚至取代CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑系统之一点
上。NgAgo有望以一个目标序列进行基因编辑（Cas9不仅需要目标序列，还需要另外一
个附近... 阅读全帖 |
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b********n
发帖数: 38600 | 48 Kiss the value of your dollar and the economy goodbye, America. You will be
taking your place next to Venezuela by the end of the year. Quite a few
countries are lining up to trade in gold backed yuans, because the dollar is
not backed up by anything except the trade in oil now. Who wants to trade
with money from a screwy country that has a $21 trillion debt, and over $100
trillion in unfunded liabilities which it can't pay off? And you are
entering a trade war with China? Yeah, Good luck!!... 阅读全帖 |
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发帖数: 1 | 49 How states are changing teacher pension plans
By Katie Lobosco April 4, 2018: 10:26 AM ET
Starting next year, new teachers hired in Kentucky probably won't get a
traditional pension.
Neither will new teachers in Pennsylvania. Pensions are already a thing of
the past for teachers in Michigan, Rhode Island and Tennessee.
In most cases these teachers are offered what's called a hybrid plan, which
combines elements of a traditional pension and a 401(k)-style account.
Generally, they shift more of th... 阅读全帖 |
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b********n
发帖数: 38600 | 50 Socialism Is No Longer a Dirty Word
https://mises.org/wire/socialism-no-longer-dirty-word
It has been often said that our future rests with the next generation. If
that is true, then it is a scary prospect.
The millennial generation (ages 18-34) increasingly sees itself, politically
, as socialist. I personally know a couple of young men who declare
themselves Marxists! Although that is frightening enough, remember the
context in which it occurs:
The United States already faces several daunting ... 阅读全帖 |
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