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发帖数: 21627 | 1 重点提示
创客之所以聚集在深圳，除了强大的硬件产业链可以满足绝大部分的需求以外，更
因为这套完备的生态系统，已经将创新的成本拉得极低。在这里，只要你有想法，人人
都有条件成为创客，创新已经不是组织化的，而是分散到每个个体的主动行为，这就是
驱动深圳成为创客之城的底层逻辑。
本报记者 卜凡 深圳报道
深圳市南山区文昌街旁一栋曾经机器轰鸣的旧厂房，在2015年的春天成了旅游景点。
这栋旧厂房是原华侨城东部工业区中的一栋，上世纪80年代聚集了不少“三来一补
”的代工企业。2004年开始，整个工业区被陆续改造成LOFT创意产业园区。
2011年整体改造开园后，各种设计工坊、新奇展览以及创意集市等云集，加上音乐
餐厅、乡村酒廊随处可见，使这里已成为深圳最具文艺气息和设计感的地方之一。
2015年伊始，很多人来这里想要一探究竟的，是这栋旧厂房2楼一个名叫“柴火创
客空间”的Loft。而带火这个地方的是一位国家级“推销员”——国务院总理李克强。
新年第一访，李克强来到深圳，而在深圳第一站，他造访“柴火创客空间”。“当
时他笑着说，要给我们再添一把‘柴火’，可这哪里是柴火，简直是‘核燃料’嘛。”
柴火创客空间的发起人潘昊对21世纪经济报道记者回忆说。
总理走后不到半个月，2015年1月14日晚，逢周三的会员分享日，潘昊说，鉴于这
里已经成了“旅游景点”，所以他决定在附近再租一间办公室，也配上3D打印机、激光
切割机等设备，让会员们可以专心做东西。
柴火创客空间网络的数百名活跃会员，是这座城市的“创客”主力。按照前美国《
连线》杂志主编、“长尾理论”的提出者克里斯·安德森的说法，正在兴起的创客运动
，将会是数字世界真正颠覆现实世界的助推器，掀起新一轮工业革命。
在这场革命中，中国深圳站在了最前沿。
过去一年中，世界级的创客大佬借Maker Faire(大型创客聚会)、开放创新论坛等
活动，频频光临深圳。更早些时候，全球最大桌面3D打印机供应商MakerBot联合创始人
Zach Smith来到深圳，在华强北运营一个硬件创业孵化器，不断从美国挑选创客团队，
在深圳将创意变成产品。
柴火创客空间发起人潘昊，同时也掌管着全球第三大开源硬件制造企业Seeed
studio(深圳矽递科技有限公司)。据他估算，过去几年，这家创办于2008年的深圳公司
已经服务了全球约200万创客。尽管95%的客户来自国外，但潘昊说，创客们想要把想法
变成现实，特别是对硬件创业者来说，深圳简直是“好莱坞”。
过去一两年，国际主流媒体也纷纷注意到这一现象。尽管以智能手机为代表的电子
产品“山寨”潮已然过去，但其留下快速反应、协同制造以及电子产业最为完整的产业
链——这些山寨遗产，使得英国经济学人杂志、纽约时报能纷纷重新审视中国制造，未
来的中国，将会在创客运动中大放异彩。
从“深圳制造”、“深圳速度”到“深圳质量”，深圳近年一直通过鼓励科技创新
，去山寨化，让经济增长更有质量。在各方看来，这场新的变革中，已经培育出完整创
新生态系统的深圳，还将步入全民皆可创新的时代。
1.山寨遗产
对于“山寨”，深圳总有些爱恨交织。
2010年的上海世博会，深圳馆展出了一幅由深圳大芬油画村出品的、999块手工油
画拼成的世界上最大的“蒙娜丽莎”。这曾被深圳民间解读为一个“笑话”：难道除了
“山寨”，深圳就没有什么拿得出手了吗？
但“山寨”确实让深圳快速赚了钱。此前很长一段时期，一幅又一幅的“大芬丽莎
”等临摹作品，由画工流水线式生产，远销海外。与此同时，智能手机兴起之际，作为
东南亚乃至世界最大的电子通信市场——深圳华强北的“山寨机”几乎火成了一个神话。
好日子在2011年前后终结。2010年11月，国务院和国家工商总局要求各地开展打击
侵犯知识产权和制售假冒伪劣商品专项行动(即“双打”)。
到2012年初，华强北山寨手机中最低端的“三码机”(直接伪造手机串码的山寨手
机)厂商，已由高峰期的1600家降至约20家。
不过，这场“山寨”手机神话的终结其实有着更深层次的内因。由于“山寨机”门
槛低，却能满足不同层次需求，因此大量低端厂商涌入，产品同质化严重，加之缺乏品
牌效应，相互竞争只能打价格战。
“到最后做一部手机赚的钱还不够在华强北吃个盒饭。”上述小企业主说。
但现在看来，这场持续数年的“山寨”高峰至少有两个可取之处：一是，尽管缺乏
深层源头创新，但“山寨机”却并不缺创意。
苹果手机发布后，华强北一家手机店山寨出了“小苹果”，企业主向批发商推荐这
是苹果手机新出的“女性版”。此外，大屏触摸、双卡双待、超长待机、GPS手机、模
拟电视手机、CMMB电视手机等功能都是“山寨机”首创或者率先推广。
二是山寨惊人的速度。在深圳，一款添加些许创意的山寨手机从开始设计，到修改
、测试、开模、交货，利用华强北的电子市场，最短只需要一个半月时间，而且每隔45
天，80%的山寨机款式都会被市场淘汰。但如果是做正规手机，这通常要耗时一年。
潘昊认为，山寨过程锻炼供应链的能力，尤其在质量控制和成本把控上积累了很多
经验。“虽然，低成本带着资本的原罪，但是成本控制确实是深圳作为制造业中心最强
大的地方，只有在这里才能够把一个手机的成本控制在几十元，而且还带外壳。”潘昊
说。
深圳市电子商会执行会长程一木指出，山寨手机只是华强北的一个微小的缩影，事
实上，在这里聚集着一个包括方案研发、元器件生产、外观设计、模具、壳料和组装料
供应商以及组装工厂和物流公司庞大的制造业服务体系，并为中国电子产业提供了一个
能够进行自主创新的产业配套环境。
2.硬件创新集结深圳
现在看来，华强北正在为世界范围内最具有创造力人群提供创新平台。
前美国《连线》杂志主编、“长尾理论”的提出者克里斯·安德森2012年出版著作
《创客：新工业革命》，被认为是创客运动的《圣经》。
他观察到，由于开源硬件兴起及互联网的普及，使得硬件创新门槛大大降低，越来
越多的普通人可以将自己的创意在车库中制造出来，一场前所未有的“创客运动”正在
兴起。
美国人Zach Smith是其中一个代表。他是美国创客界响当当的人物，也是第一家将
3D打印机商业化的Makerbot公司的创始人之一。
不过现在他所在的机构是硬件创业孵化器HAXLR8R。这家新型孵化器2011年冬天成
立于硅谷，但现在的办公场所在华强北。他们从世界范围内挑选有潜力的创业团队，经
过111天深圳孵化，最终亮相旧金山。
根据网站公布的信息，该孵化器迄今孵化过的项目有50个，存活率达到97.5%。面
对媒体采访，Zach曾多次解释过选择在深圳孵化项目的原因：在美国找到一家愿意为你
打印10块PCB板(印刷电路板)的公司几乎是不可能的事情，更别提在华强北下楼就能找
到种类繁多的LED灯、排线、电子元器件。
用深圳一个资深创客、机器人Makeblock王建军的话说，由于华强北密集而便利的
电子产品配置，他们可以用国外产品迭代3次的时间迭代8次。
当然，规模还造就了价格的优势。“在深圳这些元器件的价格可能只是北美市场的
十分之一不到。”从加拿大回国的创客王磊告诉21世纪经济报道记者。
但对于大多数创客来说，选择华强北的更深层原因，在于这里层出不穷的创作灵感。
虽然电子市场永远拥挤嘈杂、空气污浊，但“每逛一次，就会有许多想法，也会倍
感打击，总要不住地叹息，深圳真是个藏龙卧虎的地方，这样的产品也能想得到！这样
的妙点子也能想到！”上文中曾提到的企业主说。
而且，在开源硬件时代，“山寨”一下子变得正当而且自然起来。
不久前，特斯拉总裁马斯克也发起“专利开源”运动。克里斯·安德森在《创客：
新工业革命》中总结说，“创客运动”中的一个重要特点就是：在开源社区中分享设计
成果、开展合作已经成为一种文化规范。
1月15日，在“柴火创客空间”会员分享活动上，深圳团队迄今在国外知名创客众
筹网站Kickstater上拿到最多众筹金额的Uarm团队展示了他们所做的桌面机械手。
通过电脑程序和一只红外感应装置，机械手可以由人手隔空控制，顶端的小吸嘴可
以稳稳吸起一部手机。分享会结束之后，这个团队跟着“柴火创客空间”的另外一个资
深会员张浩，来到一套普通住宅中的工作室。
张浩想给他们展示的，是他和伙伴经过两个月捣鼓出来的玩意：配合一套视觉识别
系统，通过电脑程序控制，相当于给工业机器人“装上眼睛”，抓取其可以识别出来的
物品。
“目前生产线上的机器手只能将物品按照固定路径，从A挪到B，但用这到系统，机
械手可以找东西，并把它放到指定位置。”张浩对21世纪经济报道记者说。
张浩的这套装置“果断”用上了Uarm团队桌面机械手顶端的小吸嘴。而Uarm团队的
成员们对此毫不介意，反而是一直兴致勃勃与张浩探讨这种控制问题。
在这里，没有成熟企业因相互竞争而生的壁垒，多了基于兴趣而协作的慷慨分享。
潘昊在2008年南下深圳，在华强北转悠了三个月后，创办了Seeed studio(深圳矽
递科技有限公司)。借助“创客运动”的兴起，这家公司已成为世界三大开源硬件提供
商之一。
3.重新定义制造
“创客运动”无疑为制造业提供了全新的机会，对深圳尤其如此。
金融危机之后，美国、德国、日本等发达国家纷纷出现制造业回流的现象。奥巴马
政府更将重整制造业作为施政纲领，因为美国逐渐意识到，制造业，哪怕是玩具和袜子
这些看上去附加值没有那么高的制造业，对于创造就业机会，避免经济空心化而言，依
然不可或缺。
更重要的是，“人们逐渐发现，随着制造业流出，研发可能也会随之而去。”美国
经济战略研究所的专家斯蒂芬·奥尔森(Stephen Olson)告诉21世纪经济报道记者，“
因为研发和制造是经常需要密切互动的。”
美国未来研究所主任林恩o杰弗里(Lyn Jeffery)也在不久前在深圳召开的开放创新
论坛上说，“很多人会觉得制造不是创意，制造是创意的反面，但实际上制造是创意的
加速器。”
这一发现在“创客运动”时代被充分证明。上文中提到，全球最大的硬件创新孵化
器HAXLR8R从硅谷搬到华强北就是一个典型例证。
这个孵化器的一位创客告诉21世纪经济报道记者，在北美，要找到一间手工冰淇淋
店比找到一个制造商容易很多，他们可以从零星的几件电子商店购买到元件，制作自己
的产品，但这离真正的“制造”甚远。
截至2015年1月16日，成立于2009年4月的美国创客众筹网站Kickstater已经发布了
近20万个项目，成功众筹的有77289件，其中与电子产品制造强相关的技术类项目有
2341件。
虽然没有具体的统计数据表明，这其中有多少最终拿到了深圳生产，但创客圈的共
识是，基于强大制造业基础和完善、快速的供应链，这些新奇的玩意大多最终从深圳发
出。
对深圳和珠三角数以万计的中小型制造类企业来说，与创客对接最大的障碍在于，
创客的产品量小，且市场前景没有保障。
“传统工厂生产往往要投入很多人力、物力打造生产线，而如果产品不能持续批量
生产，生产线可能就报废了。”深圳创客高磊说，他在2013年设计开发出来的智能手环
，一开始找到一家以生产电器设备为主的中型工厂，听说产量只有1500件，对方断然拒
绝。
但如果深入理解了这一波“创客运动”的内涵及其所蕴含的风口，有洞见力的制造
企业将会发现，这其实为转型升级提供了绝佳的机会。
因为创客的成果为企业提供了小众产品运营独立品牌的可能。“我们有创意及研发
能力，但不懂生产，这刚好可以与中国相对低端的中小制造类企业形成互补。”深圳创
客王磊告诉21世纪经济报道记者。
王磊在去年高交会上展示了可以帮助睡眠并对睡眠质量进行分析管理的眼罩，被一
家做纺织及按摩垫产品的公司看中，对方主动要求合作。“现在，公司正在帮我们把设
计变得更适合生产，我们希望做出第一款名牌眼罩。”
克里斯·安德森在其另外一本重要著作《长尾理论》一书中讲到，任何产业一定有
热门产品，根据二八定律，20%的热门产品占有80%的市场。热门产品身后是众多的冷门
产品，又称利基产品，80%的利基产品只占20%市场份额，形成一条长长的细尾。
互联网社区让这种小众化的利基产品有了更便捷的销售渠道，也制造了更加多元化
的需求。从3D打印机到激光切割机等快速制版新贵工艺，也正在颠覆传统大规模流水线
生产，让小规模、个性化制造成为可能。
据此，克里斯o安德森认为，新一波“创客运动”中的重大机遇，就在于保持小型
化与全球化并存的能力：既有手工匠人的原始，又具创新性，实现低成本的高技术。小
处开始，大处成长。
这两年，深圳的创客们逐渐发现，找制造工厂比之前相对容易一些。一方面有潘昊
的Seeed studio这样的企业提供研发辅助，采购及小批量生产。也有更多的传统制造企
业愿意打破原来的生产模式，接纳创客的产品。
更重要的风向标是，全球最大的电子设备制造企业富士康也在2014年4月建立一个
专门为创客服务的工厂——InnoConn，能为创客生产个性化产品，且没有数量下限。
4.人人都能创新
可以说，山寨的底子，为深圳在创客运动中赢得先机。
1953年，当索尼创始人盛田昭夫第一次到访美国时，发现人们听到“日本制造”就
如临大敌，其也曾是“廉价山寨”的代名词。但后来索尼为代表的日本企业重构了整个
战后日本的制造业格局，从廉价贴牌抵达精工制造，成为世界先进制造典范。
在中国，摆脱“中国制造”即廉价山寨标签的突破口，或许就在这些创客的工作室
中。
这样的苗头已经日渐明朗。由潘昊推动，深圳民间已连续三年举办与世界接轨的
Maker Farie。这两年冉冉升起的无人机公司深圳大疆科技，便是创客成功的典型。
遥控直升机是大疆科技创始人王滔少年时代的梦想，其大学的毕业设计也围绕着如
何能够更好地控制直升机，让其自主悬停。
2006年，王滔拉着两个伙伴，靠着网上的各种开源软件、硬件资源，结合自身所学
，做出了第一代大疆无人机。随后其团队不断将其产品化，目前公司占据世界无人机70
%的市场份额，员工规模超过2500人。
今天的大疆科技，已被视作中国的“苹果”公司。在这些企业不断涌现之后，深圳
市官方也开始对创客运动全面觉醒。
2014年6月中旬，科技部万钢部长调研深圳国家自主创新示范区期间，视察了柴火
创客空间。万钢调研柴火创客空间后不久，深圳市工业设计协会(SIDA)秘书长封昌红起
草了一份《关于引进第十二届国际微观装配实验室年会(FAB12)落户深圳和推动深圳建
设创客之城的建议》。很快，深圳市市长许勤在这份建议上作了批示。
在去年11月中旬举办的十六届高交会新闻发布会上，许勤系统阐述了他对创客现象
的理解。他认为，年轻人创业、大学生创业是深圳创新体系建设一个必要的组成部分，
是最活跃的部分，也代表着未来的创新。
许勤说，“过去我们比较重视在企业、在科研机构、在大学教师当中的创新，但现
在年轻人创新的趋势，特别是创客运动的推进，使大众创新成为可能。”
他进而指出，深圳可以打造成创客最活跃的区域，这些创客的活动将使深圳能够集
聚大众创新的成果，进一步推进深圳技术和产品创新。那次高交会上首次设了创客展区
，还举行了“创客之夜”的活动。
深圳官方正在寻找场地，希望打造更多类似柴火这样的创客空间。此外，深圳市科
技创新委主任陆建不久前也透露，深圳也在讨论将科技研发资金拨出来一部分支持创客。
这对深圳创客张浩来说，绝对是好消息。他目前租用的办公空间在一栋老旧居民楼
里，房间的天花板是裸露的混凝土。尽管这样，房东刚刚通知要加租1500元，没有任何
收入来源的张浩和他的“3D视觉伺服机器人”或许将被扫地出门。
北京时间1月6日，也就是李克强总理到访柴火创客空间后24小时，美国旧金山，深
圳官方首次以城市之名，向全世界推介深圳创客。(编辑 郑升) | y**********g
发帖数: 2728 | | c*****g
发帖数: 21627 | 3 给你看看MIT最知名的院长的blog :
Shenzhen trip report - visiting the world's manufacturing ecosystem »
Sep 01, 2014 - 20:04 UTC »
Last year, a group of Media Lab students visited Shenzhen with, bunnie, an
old friend and my hardware guru. He's probably best known for hacking the
Xbox, the chumby, an open source networked hardware appliance, and for
helping so many people with their hardware, firmware and software designs.
bunnie is "our man in Shenzhen" and understands the ecosystem of suppliers
and factories in China better than anyone I know.
With his help, my students saw and experienced a ecosystem that we all
benefit from, but mostly don't see or even realize exists. I have been
living vicariously through the stories and reports of my students until last
week, when I finally got my own tour of Shenzhen with bunnie.
bunnie insisted that we keep the group size very small because we would be
going to places that couldn't fit many people and we wanted to be nimble. As
chance would have it, Reid Hoffman, my old friend and founder of LinkedIn
and the provost of MIT, Marty Schmidt, both were interested and available so
this formed our odd little tour group.
The first stop on the tour was of a small factory run by AQS --
a manufacturer with operations in Fremont, California as well as Shenzhen.
They mostly focus on putting chips on circuit boards. The factory was full
of Surface-Mount Technology (SMT) machines which use computer programmed
pneumatics to pick and place chips and other components onto circuit boards.
In addition to the rows of SMT machines, there were lots of factory workers
setting up the lines, programming the equipment, testing the results using
x-rays, computers and eye balls and doing parts of the process that made
more sense economically or technically to do by hand. AQS is the factory
that is manufacturing thecircuit stickers designed by Media Lab student Jie
Qi and Media Lab grad, Ayah Bdeir's, littleBits. What's great about AQS is
that, with the help of bunnie, they have started working closely with
startups and other projects that previously would have had a very hard time
finding a partner in China because of the small volume, high risk and
usually unconventional requests that go hand-in-hand with working with
entrepreneurs and our creative students.
What was more impressive to me even than the technology were the people that
bunnie introduced us to, such as the factory boss, John, and the project
managers and engineers. They were clearly hard-working, very experienced,
trustworthy and excited about working with bunnie and our friends. They were
willing and able to design and try all kinds of new processes to produce
things that have never been manufactured before. Their work ethic and their
energy reminded me very much of what I imagined many of the founding
entrepreneurs and engineers in Japan must have been like who built the
Japanese manufacturing industry after the war.
In all of the small factories that we visited, including AQS, the factory
workers lived in dorms surrounding the factory and ate together and lived
together. All of their living expenses were supported by the factory and
their salaries went entirely to savings or disposable income. Also, all of
the managers and even the boss lived together with the workers. I'm sure we
were picking good factories to visit, but everyone seemed happy, open and
very close.
After AQS, we visited King Credie, which made the actual printed circuit
boards (PCBs). The PCB manufacturing process is a sophisticated process
involving adding layers while also etching and printing all kind of
materials such as solder, gold, and various chemicals involving many steps
and complex controls. They were working on some very sophisticated hybrid
PCBs that included ceramic layers and flexible layers --
processes that are very difficult and considered exotic anywhere else in the
world, but directly accessible to us thanks to a close working relationship
with the factory.
We also visited an injection molding plant. bunnie has been helping me with
a project that requires some relatively complicated injection molding. Most
of the plastic parts for everything from cellphones to baby car seats are
made using an injection molding process. The process involves creating "
tools" which are the huge steel molds that the plastic is injected into. The
process is difficult because if you want a mirror finish, the mold has to
have a mirror finish. If you need 1/1000th of an inch tolerance in
production, you have to cut the steel molds at that precision. Also, you
have to understand how the plastic is going to flow into the mold through
multiple holes in the mold and make sure that it enters evenly and cools
properly without warping or breaking.
The factory we visited had a precision machine shop and the engineering
expertise to design and machine our injection molding tools, but our initial
production volume was too low for them to be interested in the business.
They wanted orders of millions of units and we only needed thousands.
In an interesting twist, the factory boss suggested that we could build the
precision molding tools in China and then send these tools to a US shop for
running production. Due to our requirement for clean-room processing, he
thought it would be cheaper to run production in the US -- but the US shops
didn't have the expertise or capability that his shop in China had to
produce the tools; and even if they did, they couldn't touch his cost for
such value-added services.
This role reversal is an indicator of how the technology, trade, and know-
how for injection molding has shifted to Shenzhen. Even if US has the
manufacturing capacity, key parts of the knowledge ecosystem currently exist
only in Shenzhen.
bunnie then took us to the market. We spent half of a day there and only saw
a very small part of the huge network of buildings, stalls and marketplaces
. The market was several large city blocks full of 5-10 story buildings with
stalls packed into each floor. Each building had a theme or themes ranging
from LEDs to cellphone hacking and repair. I realize it's cliché to say
this, but it REALLY felt like blade runner in a way that even Akihabara
never did. I think it had a lot to do with the fact that many of vendors
were selling to factories so were focused on wholesale and not retail and
the volumes were huge and the interfaces were rough.
We started in the section of the market where people were taking broken or
trashed cellphones and stripping them down for all of the parts. Any phone
part that conceivably retained functionality was stripped off and packaged
for sale in big plastic bags. Another source of components seemed to be
rejected parts from the factory lines that were then repaired, or sheets of
PCBs in which only one of the components had failed a test. iPhone home
buttons, wifi chipsets, Samsung screens, Nokia motherboards, everything.
bunnie pointed to a bag of chips that he said would have a street value of $
50,000 in the US selling for about $500. These chips were sold, not
individually, but by the pound. Who buys chips by the pound? Small factories
that make all of the cellphones that we all buy "new" will often be short
on parts and they will run to the market to buy bags of that part so that
they can keep the line running. It's very likely that the "new" phone that
you just bought from ATT has "recycled" Shenzhen parts somewhere inside.
The other consumer of these parts are the people who repair phones. Phone
repair starts with simple stuff like replacing the screen to full-on
rebuilds. You can even buy whole phones built from scrap parts --&#
8202;"I lost my phone, can you repair it for me?"
After this market where phones were "recycled" we saw equivalent markets for
laptops, TVs, everything.
Next we went to another kind of market. When we walked in, bunnie whispered
to me, "EVERYTHING here is fake." There were "SVMSMUG" phones and things
that looked like all kinds of phones we know. However, the more interesting
phones were the phones that weren't like anything that existed anywhere else
. Keychains, boom boxes, little cars, shiny ones, blinky ones --
;it was an explosion of every possible iteration on phones that you could
imagine. Many were designed by the so-called Shanzhai pirates who started by
mostly making knockoffs of existing phones, but had become agile innovation
shops for all kind of new ideas because of the proximity to the
manufacturing ecosystem. They had access to the factories, but more
importantly, they had access to the trade skills (and secrets) of all of the
big brand phone manufacturers whose schematics could be found for sale in
shops. These schematics and the engineers in the factories knew the state of
the art and could apply this know-how to their own scrappy designs that
could be more experimental and crazy. In fact many new technologies had been
invented by these "pirates" such as the dual sim card phone.
The other amazing thing was the cost. There is a very low cost chipset that
bunnie talks about that seems to be driving these phones which is not
available outside of China, but they appear to do quad-band GSM, bluetooth,
SMS, etc. on a chip that costs about $2. The retail price of the cheapest
full featured phone is about $9. Yes. $9. This could not be designed in the
US -- this could only be designed by engineers with tooling
grease under their fingernails who knew the manufacturing equipment inside
and out, as well as the state of the art of high-end mobile phones.
While intellectual property seems to be mostly ignored, tradecraft and trade
secrets seem to be shared selectively in a complex network of family,
friends and trusted colleagues. This feels a lot like open source, but it's
not. The pivot from piracy to staking out intellectual property rights isn't
a new thing. The United States blatantly stole book copyright until it
developed it's own publishing very early in US history. The Japanese copied
US auto companies until it found itself in a leadership position. It feels
like Shenzhen is also at this critical point where a country/ecosystem goes
from follower to leader.
When we visited DJI which makes the Phantom Aerial UAV Drone Quadcopter we
saw a company that was ahead. They are a startup that is growing at 5X /
year. They have one of the most popular drones ever designed for the
consumer market. They are one of the top 10 patent holders in China. They
were clearly benefiting from the tradecraft of the factories but also very
aware of the importance of being clean (and aggressive) from an IP
perspective. DJI had the feel of a Silicon Valley startup mashed together
with the work ethic and tradecraft of the factories we had been visiting.
We also visited a very high-end, top-tier mobile phone factory that made
millions of phones. All of the parts were delivered by robots from a
warehouse that was completely automated. The processes and the equipment
were the top of the line and probably as sophisticated any factory in the
world.
We also visited a tiny shop that could assemble very sophisticated boards in
single-unit volumes for a price comparable to a typical monthly cable TV
bill, because they would make them by hand. They place barely visible chips
onto boards by hand and had a soldering technique that Americans will tell
you can only be done by a $50,000 machine. What amazed me was that they used
no assisted vision. No microscopes, magnifying lenses, etc. - workers in
the US can do some of what they do, but they need assisted vision. bunnie
posits that they do it mostly by feel and muscle memory. It was amazing and
beautiful to watch.
We visited PCH International where we saw supplies coming in just in time to
be assembled, boxed, tagged and shipped. What used to take companies three
months from factory to store, now only took three days -- to
anywhere in the world.
We visited the HAXLR8R, a hardware incubator in the middle of the market
district run by a pair of French entrepreneurs.
What we experienced was an entire ecosystem. From the bespoke little shop
making 50 blinking computer controlled burning man badges to the guy
rebuilding a phone while eating a Big Mac to the cleanroom with robots
scurrying around delivering parts to rows and rows of SMTs --
the low cost of labor was the driving force to pull most of the world
sophisticated manufacturing here, but it was the ecosystem that developed
the network of factories and the tradecraft that allows this ecosystem to
produce just about anything at any scale.
Just like it is impossible to make another Silicon Valley somewhere else,
although everyone tries -- after spending four days in Shenzhen,
I'm convinced that it's impossible to reproduce this ecosystem anywhere
else. What Marty, Reid, bunnie and I talked a lot about was what could we
learn from Shenzhen to help the Boston and Silicon Valley (and more broadly
the US) ecosystems and how can we connect more deeply with Shenzhen.
Both Shenzhen and Silicon Valley have a "critical mass" that attracts more
and more people, resources and knowledge, but also they are both living
ecosystems full of diversity and a work ethic and experience base that any
region will have difficulty bootstrapping.
I do believe that other regions have regional advantages - Boston might be
able to compete with Silicon Valley on hardware and bioengineering. Latin
America and regions of Africa may be able compete with Shenzhen on access to
certain resources and markets. However, I believe that Shenzhen, like
Silicon Valley, has become such a "complete" ecosystem that we're more
likely to be successful building networks to connect with Shenzhen than to
compete with it head on.
-
I recently did a TED Talk where I provide a higher level context for my trip
to and observations about Shenzhen.
【在 y**********g 的大作中提到】
: 还是山寨，没前途。不行。
| c*****g
发帖数: 21627 | | s*******u
发帖数: 9508 | 5 量变可能导致质变！
【在 y**********g 的大作中提到】
: 还是山寨，没前途。不行。
| y**********g
发帖数: 2728 | 6 学校里面的人不行。
没见过世面，土的要命。教授都是卢瑟。
【在 c*****g 的大作中提到】
: 给你看看MIT最知名的院长的blog :
: Shenzhen trip report - visiting the world's manufacturing ecosystem »
: Sep 01, 2014 - 20:04 UTC »
: Last year, a group of Media Lab students visited Shenzhen with, bunnie, an
: old friend and my hardware guru. He's probably best known for hacking the
: Xbox, the chumby, an open source networked hardware appliance, and for
: helping so many people with their hardware, firmware and software designs.
: bunnie is "our man in Shenzhen" and understands the ecosystem of suppliers
: and factories in China better than anyone I know.
: With his help, my students saw and experienced a ecosystem that we all
| c*****g
发帖数: 21627 | 7 他见过的世面，不知道比你多多少了
Ito became a disk jockey working in nightclubs in Chicago such as The
Limelight and The Smart Bar and to work with Metasystems Design Group to
start a virtual community in Tokyo.[9] Later, Ito ran a nightclub in
Roppongi, Japan called XY Relax with help from Joe Shanahan of Metro Chicago
/Smart Bar. He helped bring industrial music from Chicago (Wax Trax) and
later the rave scene, including importing Anarchic Adjustment to Japan.
Ito at the 2008 Creative Commons panel discussion: “The Commons:
Celebrating accomplishments, discerning futures.
Ito was the Chairman of Creative Commons from December 2006 until 2012. He
is on the board of Digital Garage,[15] Culture Convenience Club (CCC),[16]
Tucows,[17] and EPIC,[18] and is on the advisory boards of Creative Commons
and WITNESS. He is the founder and CEO of the venture capital firm Neoteny
Co., Ltd. In October 2004, he was named to the board of ICANN for a three-
year term starting December 2004. In August 2005, he joined the board of the
Mozilla Foundation.[19] He served on the board of the Open Source
Initiative (OSI) from March 2005 until April 2007. He currently serves as a
Board Emeritus for OSI.[12] He was a founding board member of Expression
College for Digital Arts[20] as well as the Zero One Art and Technology
Network.[21] In 1999, he served as the Associate to Mr. Mount (the executive
producer) on the film The Indian Runner.[22] Ito also served as a Board
Member of Energy Conversion Devices from 1995 to 2000.
Ito is a venture capitalist and angel investor and was an early stage
investor in Kickstarter,[23] Twitter,[24] Six Apart, Technorati, Flickr,
SocialText, Dopplr, Last.fm, Rupture, Kongregate, Fotopedia, Diffbot,
Formlabs and other Internet companies.[25][26] A vocal advocate of emergent
democracy and the sharing economy, Ito is a doctoral candidate in Business
Administration focusing on the sharing economy at the Graduate School of
International Corporate Strategy, Hitotsubashi University. He is the author
of Emergent Democracy.[27] Ito is Senior Visiting Researcher of Keio
Research Institute at SFC.[28] In May 2011, it was announced that Ito's
company, Digital Garage, will provide PR, marketing, product marketing
research and market research for Linkedin Japan.[29]
【在 y**********g 的大作中提到】
: 学校里面的人不行。
: 没见过世面，土的要命。教授都是卢瑟。
| r********n
发帖数: 7441 | 8 “房间的天花板是裸露的混凝土”
这是生在福中不知福啊，湾区公司不都是这样吗？
点。
【在 c*****g 的大作中提到】
: 重点提示
: 创客之所以聚集在深圳，除了强大的硬件产业链可以满足绝大部分的需求以外，更
: 因为这套完备的生态系统，已经将创新的成本拉得极低。在这里，只要你有想法，人人
: 都有条件成为创客，创新已经不是组织化的，而是分散到每个个体的主动行为，这就是
: 驱动深圳成为创客之城的底层逻辑。
: 本报记者 卜凡 深圳报道
: 深圳市南山区文昌街旁一栋曾经机器轰鸣的旧厂房，在2015年的春天成了旅游景点。
: 这栋旧厂房是原华侨城东部工业区中的一栋，上世纪80年代聚集了不少“三来一补
: ”的代工企业。2004年开始，整个工业区被陆续改造成LOFT创意产业园区。
: 2011年整体改造开园后，各种设计工坊、新奇展览以及创意集市等云集，加上音乐
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