h******d
发帖数: 1891 | 1 来自主题: TrustInJesus版 - 娜娜小姐 phenotype好像是RNA病毒感染。把病毒杀了，应该还是个好同学！ |
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h******d
发帖数: 1891 | 2 来自主题: TrustInJesus版 - 娜娜小姐 你们已初步被医生诊断，phenotype也很明显，直白么？ |
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l**********t
发帖数: 5754 | 3 1. 人是由上帝以『現在形態』造出來 deterministically and intentionally.
2. How God create/achieve creation is subject to scientific research to
explore.
3. 人不是猿類（或其他物種）randomly and spontaneously "演化"而來. Highly
complex biological systems are from intelligent design.
4. Different species share common biological building materials/blocks, from
basicpolynucleotides to aa to guar/lipids, to similar gene encoding, to
high level structures in protein motifs and eventually phenotype. |
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l**********t
发帖数: 5754 | 4 I believe 不同物種 share common design patterns & building blocks as I
stated before, as shown by scientific research (gene homology, phenotypes
similarities, etc). The differences are deliberately/deterministically
introduced by God with increasing complexity and order. How God achieves
creation is for science to explore (this is not limited to "evolution theory
" of species). |
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u*********1
发帖数: 2518 | 5 你这段话漏洞百出的我都不想评论了
你懂什么是基因么？基因调控的复杂不是你能想象的。
纵然假设性取向只由基因决定，一个性状可能是几百个位点排列组合，共同调控的。这
些基因在基因组的什么地方？他们怎么相互作用？他们怎么和环境作用的？我们都搞不
清楚. 这就好比身高是很多的common variants共同决定的；这些来自父母的variants
最后有各种各样的组合，就导致两个高个子的父母生的孩子未必也高。那么同样的，两
个异性恋的父母他们的基因组合可能出来的就是gay
更不要说，大部分的phenotype多少是有表观遗传还有环境的影响的。母亲怀孕期间的
激素分泌，幼儿时期的家庭影响，或许都有contribution。
所以这个性取向是极端复杂的概念，不是你想象的一个基因一个性状那么简单。所以才
会一直流传下来。从宏观的角度来看，任何文化宗教政治时代的社会下，同性恋的比例
都是非常固定的比例（比如2%-5%），而且男同性恋比女同性恋多。这就说明这是个非
常天然的，常见的事件。
你要真的讲进化上的意义；提出了很多很多的model，什么女性多产、超突变、亲族选
择等等。我这里一下子给你说也说不清... 阅读全帖 |
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O******1
发帖数: 13088 | 6 呵呵，果然是术业有专攻，我承认我对同性恋问题没什么研究，今天只是应个景参加一
下讨论而已。也跟大家学点知识。
不过对你的论述里面我还是有些疑问：
（1）“这些来自父母的variants最后有各种各样的组合，就导致两个高个子的父母生
的孩子未必也高。那么同样的，两个异性恋的父母他们的基因组合可能出来的就是gay”
---你这段论述看起来很有道理，但是我要问一个问题：两个高个子的孩子可能是矮子
，两个矮个子的孩子也可能是矮子。这个我承认。统计意义上，那一组的孩子是矮子的
概率大？进化论既然是长期的自然选择，那么几率越小的现象，越容易被淘汰。更不用
说同性恋着在生育后代方面与生俱回来的劣势。
（2）“更不要说，大部分的phenotype多少是有表观遗传还有环境的影响的。母亲怀孕
期间的激素分泌，幼儿时期的家庭影响，或许都有contribution。”
---呵呵，在这里，既然你提到了家庭影响，你肯定不会否认社会影响吧。既然你承认
了社会影响，我就会说，同性恋的问题如果没有正确的舆论指导，会对下一代产生影响
。这点你不否认吧？
（3）“另外，“而有这种倾向的人越来越多呢？”这句话也是典型的无知... 阅读全帖 |
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N*******8
发帖数: 1449 | 7 老 E 看原文了吗? 要讨论这样的话题,光看摘要是远远不够的.
这篇论文的最后一段有下面这段文字,不知道老 E 是不是看得懂.看不懂也一点都不奇
怪.外行本来就只能看看热闹,岂能真知道其中的奥秘.
In assessing the impact of these deletions on the engineered mice, it is
important to acknowledge that our ability to phenotype an organism will
always miss some features, no matter how detailed the analysis. It is
possible-even likely-that the animals carrying the megabase-long genomic
deletions do harbour abnormalities undetected in our assays, which might
affect their fitness in some other times... 阅读全帖 |
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c******r
发帖数: 889 | 8 All I can say is the article on TIME is misleading and a gross overstatement
.Claiming all non-coding DNA sequences have function is not true.
It's not a breakthrough, it's a known facts.
Junk DNA is a loose term many biologists use. And large portions of the
genome are actually junk and removal of them doesn't change phenotype of
experiment animals.
And as indicated in another post, there is ample compelling evidence in
these non-coding DNA region that supports the theory of evolution. |
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N*******8
发帖数: 1449 | 9 下面这个帖老E就是看不懂, 你应该很容易读懂.
发信人: NewHand88 (常常喜乐), 信区: TrustInJesus
标 题: Re: 关于生命的密码-遗传密码的系统性
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Tue Dec 4 12:54:49 2012, 美东)
老 E 看原文了吗? 要讨论这样的话题,光看摘要是远远不够的.
这篇论文的最后一段有下面这段文字,不知道老 E 是不是看得懂.看不懂也一点都不奇
怪.外行本来就只能看看热闹,岂能真知道其中的奥秘.
In assessing the impact of these deletions on the engineered mice, it is
important to acknowledge that our ability to phenotype an organism will
always miss some features, no matter how detailed the analysis. It is
possible-even likely-that the animals carrying th... 阅读全帖 |
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t*******r
发帖数: 2940 | 10 他说的没错啊，即使现在的证据支持有junk DNA，他的quotation里说“In assessing
the impact of these deletions on the engineered mice, it is important to
acknowledge that our ability to phenotype an organism will always miss some
features, no matter how detailed the analysis. It is possible-even likely-
that the animals carrying the megabase-long genomic deletions do harbour
abnormalities undetected in our assays, which might affect their fitness in
some other timescale or setting than those assayed in this study. In
addit... 阅读全帖 |
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l**********t
发帖数: 5754 | 11 "origin of species through natural selection" is a "fact", condition on the
assumption that the selection is "natural".
for example, I can mutate a bacteria gene (either randomly or target
particular sites), and then select their offsprings based on my criteria (
say antibiotic resistence). Or cross-breed some species and select their
offsprings based on certain phenotype.
In both cases, new "creatures" are created thru intelligent intervention of
the environment/habitat within which the creatu... 阅读全帖 |
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l**********t
发帖数: 5754 | 12
每次要跟你認真討論你就跑了。 要不然就 PA, 胡攪蠻纏.
要不然就說 不管突变是不是自发的, 都是"進化"!
what does "evolution" mean exactly in your dictionary?
If new phenotypes are introduced thru designed, site-directed gene chagnes
for each new species (突变不是自发的), there would be a need in the "
evolution theory" to acknowledge the "designer". Would your "evolution
theory" permits this? |
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l**********t
发帖数: 5754 | 13 "In that respect, the past and continuing occurrence of evolution is a
scientific fact" --
the word "evolution" is overloaded in this statement.
the similarity /gradual change of genotype/phenotype among species is an
observable & testable scientific fact. These scientific facts are consistent
with either "evoluion theory" or creationism.
The cause of those changes (which evolution theory assumes spontaneousness)
is untestable, can not be proven, and can only be disproven. you have to
accept it ... 阅读全帖 |
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g*o
发帖数: 769 | 14 he is doing pretty well on research.
he got a Mol. Cell, and a JBC published. He just submitted a PNAS. And
another
project is clear to have a paper since the phenotype is very clear.
All these 4 are or are going to be first author. Is it cool for a 5 year
student? |
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d****n
发帖数: 2507 | 15 我认识的一个老师在招博士后，至少能工作两年，待遇还不错，希望是
生物方面的博士且有一定的编程经验。想要更多信息可以到下面网页跟
Dr. Grene 联系。
A postdoctoral fellow is sought (PDF) for the development of
visualization tools for the integration of data associated
with elucidating the relationship between plant genotypes and
the resultant phenotypes (G2P) in non-constant environments.
The position, which is part of a multi-team effort, is sponsored
by the iPlant Collaborative http://iplantcollaborative.org,
which implements cyberinfrastructure support for the |
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N****g
发帖数: 5246 | 16 【 以下文字转载自 Fujian 讨论区 】
发信人: darwin (darwin), 信区: Fujian
标 题: 博士后位置 @ VT
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Tue Sep 1 20:28:47 2009, 美东)
我认识的一个老师在招博士后，至少能工作两年，待遇还不错，希望是
生物方面的博士且有一定的编程经验。想要更多信息可以到下面网页跟
Dr. Grene 联系。
A postdoctoral fellow is sought (PDF) for the development of
visualization tools for the integration of data associated
with elucidating the relationship between plant genotypes and
the resultant phenotypes (G2P) in non-constant environments.
The position, which is part of a multi-team effort, is spons |
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d****n
发帖数: 2507 | 17 我认识的一个老师在招博士后，至少能工作两年，待遇还不错，希望是
生物方面的博士且有一定的编程经验。想要更多信息可以到下面网页跟
Dr. Grene 联系。
A postdoctoral fellow is sought (PDF) for the development of
visualization tools for the integration of data associated
with elucidating the relationship between plant genotypes and
the resultant phenotypes (G2P) in non-constant environments.
The position, which is part of a multi-team effort, is sponsored
by the iPlant Collaborative http://iplantcollaborative.org,
which implements cyberinfrastructure support for the |
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v*****0
发帖数: 1405 | 18 Correlation between genetic heritage and stomach cancer in upper midwest?...
hmmmm --- make sense...but would require a well-designed large-scale
genotype&phenotype study to confirm it ：-） |
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M**a
发帖数: 4816 | 20 【 以下文字转载自 Biology 讨论区 】
发信人: freewang (Tom), 信区: Biology
标 题: 爸爸早年受点苦，孩子会得福
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Wed Nov 19 07:50:57 2014, 美东)
Early life stress in fathers improves behavioural flexibility in their
offspring
Nature Comm.
Traumatic experiences in childhood can alter behavioural responses and
increase the risk for psychopathologies across life, not only in the exposed
individuals but also in their progeny. In some conditions, such experiences
can however be beneficial and facilitate the appraisal of a... 阅读全帖 |
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b*******g
发帖数: 513 | 21 source？指的是原bib文件的代码吗?我的bib原文档放在三个bib文件里（难道这是前两
个citation空缺的原因？），如下：
bibfile1:
@ARTICLE{sax1923association,
author = {Sax, K.},
title = {The association of size differences with seed-coat pattern and
pigmentation
in Phaseolus vulgaris},
journal = {Genetics},
year = {1923},
volume = {8},
pages = {552},
}
@article{amos1990multivariate,
title={A multivariate method for detecting genetic linkage, with
application to a pedigree with an adverse lipoprotein phenotype.},
author={Amos,... 阅读全帖 |
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i*e
发帖数: 859 | 22 来自主题: AnthroLing版 - 请专家赐教 it's both natural science and social science.
each branch emphasize its own point.
in terms of natural science, phenotype reflects genotype.
different races do have bigger differences than within
their own race if you look at the DNA polymorphysm. |
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b*****y
发帖数: 163 | 23
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
What is the value of this subject? I know, from the biology point of view,
you could investigate the human physical evolution by studing the evolution
tree at molecular level, and you can study different phenotypes induced by
genotypes at macroscopic level under physiology. What is the particularity
of the anthropology perspective? (race comparison?) |
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M****e
发帖数: 70 | 24 windysea, it seems that you have to do KO job as well. good:).
typical design for the targeting construct will aim at the
first several exons. in my case, since i only got the genomic
fragment in the middle, and several years ago mouse genome
sequence was not published yet, i had to choose a functional
domain that is important to the gene, in my case, a protein
kinase. when i got the knockouts, the phenotype was pretty
interesting so that i could get some publications; however,
i still could not |
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a****r
发帖数: 1 | 25 A gene causing lethality suggests it might be a functionally important. But a
second hit in the genome might contribute the lethal phenotype. This is why
some labs clean the background of P element lines before they make the
imprecise hopout. If you can get sevearl deficiency lines or the mutant allele
for the neighboring gene, try several complementaion tests.
Check the expression pattern and functional domains for you gene, that might
help you to figure out its possible role. Making a UAS line |
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r****o
发帖数: 105 | 26 本文献给YL
（十九）崭新的世界
六月八号晚上的讲座是由来自Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center的Richard
Behringer作的，主题是Transgenics and insertional mutants。Richard在做基因敲
除和转基因小鼠方面非常有经验，作这个报告再合适不过了。提到Richard Behringer
，我这里向做基因敲除的同学推荐一本他参与编写的书，“Mouse Phenotypes: A
Handbook of Mutation Analysis”。这本书写得极其清楚易懂，既涵盖了基因敲除老
鼠的要点和细节，又详细解释了如何对突变体进行表型分析。
言归正传，先谈谈转基因小鼠的历史背景吧。不夸张的讲，转基因小鼠技术的出
现，使得以小鼠为模型的研究进入到一个崭新的世界。有人甚至认为转基因小鼠技术的
出现是人类文明发展的一个里程碑。转基因小鼠的实验技术可以追溯到1966年，加州大
学旧金山分校的Teh Ping Lin在Science 杂志上发表文章，报道说可以显微注射牛丙种
球蛋白溶液到小鼠受精卵的前核（pr |
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p*****m
发帖数: 7030 | 27 我觉得你对神经网络的概念不大对头的说。既然海马对水迷宫形成的spatial memory重
要 那么认为spatial information被1-2%被激活的海马神经元编码没什么问题，这当然
是个network，只不过怎么decode我们不知道罢了。
另外你建议的实验，八成不会有什么结果：如果那些neuron是纪录path dependent spa
tial information （根据海马神经元的特性很有可能） 你把他们杀死小鼠可以预料不
会有任何缺陷，然则这不能说明这些neuron没有用来编码有用的信息 （population ba
sed encoding，举个例子gradma cell，特异性的对你的gradma产生spike，然则你把它
杀死了你照样记得住你的gradma 但是这不足以证明这个cell没有编码这个信息，因为可
以推测的是你分别的杀死大脑里的任何一个neuron都不会产生任何phenotype 但是如果
一次杀死10个100个1000个直至1亿个就会逐渐产生效用）
成年
网络 |
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l*********i
发帖数: 332 | 28 3. 撒网
筛选开始了，一个看不见东西的鱼引起了他们的注意。拿出来一看，嘿，这神经元送到
顶盖的轴突还真受影响了！
见原文章 Figure.1，2，3。而且还是特别有意思的影响，表现位轴突迷路了，本来该
老老实实进指定层的轴突胡乱
就位。perfect phenotype!
接下来他们就找究竟是什么基因被破坏了，基因找到，命名为 dragnet，拉网，很形象
阿，神经元伸出的轴突就像
渔网一样的，这个基因看来是管撒网拉网的。但是这个基因被找到后，居然是一个胶原
蛋白？！
Baier在2006 GRC给talk的时候说，如果是IgG superfamily, great, 其他的细胞粘连
分子，good, but 胶原蛋白？
@#@#$#$%^$%^%^&%^&！
因为什么呢？现在被发现的一些具备导向功能的分子大多有一些特征，比如说IgG
domain阿什么的，这胶原蛋白，
从来没听说有这种导向功能。先不管，如果真可以干这个，不也是一个大突破嘛？
接下来他们看看这个基因究竟在那里表达吧，怪事出现了，这个拉网分子居然不在神经
系统里面表达，而是在视顶
盖表面表达，胶原嘛，老老实实在结缔组织 |
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a*****n
发帖数: 2835 | 29 你查一下jax的网站，他们有分析老鼠phenotype的服务，就是检测各种生理指标，包括
各种代谢参数，还可以做病理切片检查各个组织脏器的状态。
价格应该不便宜，但是至少可以作为参考帮助你很快搞一个plan给你老板 |
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a********k
发帖数: 2273 | 30 position cloning的东西没啥意思呗。实验室基本在做XX，第一个老板被我的数据说服
，最后觉得不影响XX。第二个有behavior phenotype，但是找不到细胞分子水平的
defect，最后德国一个老板在会议上碰到了我，说是也做了这个觉得不影响XX，最后老
板被他说服了觉得不影响XX。。。其实都是不了了之的课题啦 |
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p*******r
发帖数: 4048 | 31 I think if there is a behavioral phenotype, you should figure out why.
Maybe it doesn't affect your target but affects something else.
Maybe the provalent model is just wrong. |
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a********k
发帖数: 2273 | 32 yes, in terms of science. I am just not that into behavior....
When you feel boring about a project, you just cannot do anything. I have my
plans to figure that out laying on my desk for almost one year now. Last
July, I decided to follow my interests not a behavioral phenotype. |
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r****r
发帖数: 379 | 33 我结合自己的体会，一个问题就在于，很多功能研究，必须将cellular/biochemistry/
physiological phenotypes 变成molecular(transcriptomics/protemoics/
metabolomics) phenotpyes，我才愿意去做高通量筛选和高通量的数据采集，不然高通
量筛选会因为输出不方便检测而变得不可操作，高通量采集会因为没有对应定量的输入变化而产生一堆毫无意义的数据。
mcp这个protimocis杂志上的数据，有多少生物学家们会去看？因为其中大部分定量数
据都是没有实现这个转化，只是在时间窗口上和功能吻合罢了，比如研究分化，就采集
分化不同时期的表达谱，这会有很大帮助吗？
如果我可以通过前期的高通量数据采集，然后能够用一群分子的变化代替分化的表型变
化，这个时候我就可以将这群分子的变化当作输出实现高通量的筛选，累积更多的干涉
到输出的定量数据，最后在这个基础上建模。 |
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s******y
发帖数: 28562 | 34 我被你的其中一个说法吓了一跳，你说病毒转染的细胞不适合于做stable
cell line? 那大家都是怎么作stable cell line 的呀？
尤其是很多细胞不是那么容易直接用质粒转染的，比方说我们实验室用的
fibroblast, B cell等等，不用病毒几乎就没有其他办法了。
而我们又特别不喜欢挑单克隆，因为我们一般来讲，转染细胞是为了做
phenotype rescue的，如果用单克隆的话不要说reviewer, 连我们自己
都不能说服。
我们的确注意到retro virus 转染的细胞过一阵子后荧光会变少。
我们的解决办法是把头几批细胞经过sorting 后再养一天，然后统统冻起来，
只用那几批细胞。不知道这么行不？能不能说服reviewer? 或者你们实验室
有更好的方法？
u |
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n********k
发帖数: 2818 | 35 BTW, the way u are doing is likely fine...within several passage is fine or
as long as they are well-chaterized, it is fine...but is it that hard to go
retroviral and treat them as transient approach...I rarely keep any stable
cell lines now...And for many studies, it is impossible or not right to keep
stable cell lines because the manipulation cause them to change...for
example differentiation...so u are screening against the correct phenotypes.
..anyway, nothing is absolute and it all depends. |
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n********k
发帖数: 2818 | 36 I would go for either inducible clones or go viral approach but as transient
approaches...单克隆 is out of dated generally speaking though. and in many
occasions, to have stable clones is not right or simply impossible. and it
depends on reviewers too...I would say most of reviewers will buy viral
approach as transient approach while some hates single clones unless it is
very well characterized with many clones...if one is not careful enough, one
could get single clones of whatever desired phenotyp |
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n********k
发帖数: 2818 | 37 don't know, I haven't followed closely lately with this as I do mostly in
vivo now...in vitro is just for confirmation or mechanistic probing...for ur
case, it is likely less a problem...I am more talking about in term of
phenotypical changes...BTW, as I said earlier, I don't see why you have to
use stable cell lines if with retroviral... |
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j*****q
发帖数: 82 | 38 即使genetic information一致的两个细胞，也有可能有完全不同的phenotype的。
你这个如果确实是monoclonal cell line，那就sort那些还是fluorescent的细胞做实
验。
不过得问一句，你的单clone怎么挑的？
不过既然不在意genomic locus和copy number的，为什么要用单clone做实验呢？工作
量大，也说明不了很多问题啊，为什么不用pool的呢？ |
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h********n
发帖数: 4079 | 39 说的对.
其实有些在普通人眼里很明显的Phenotype, 在遗传学上不是什么大变化. 比如肤色,
很多人都认为, 肤色不是一个遍布人种的好的marker.
for |
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D*a
发帖数: 6830 | 40 貌似有不少的knockout mice 都有strain特异性的。。。
具体例子不知。。。
对了，好像agouti这个基因就跟obesity有点儿关系。。。 |
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l**********n
发帖数: 201 | 41 there are some literatures using the strategy you described to solidify the
claim of geno-pheno correlation. it's not so usual in mouse genetics field
simply because of technical challenging - you need years to generate a KO
line, and another year or so to generate transgene, another year to breed
mice ... so reviewers usually would not demand this kind of rescue exp.
rescue is an unnecessary experiment. |
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s******r
发帖数: 2876 | 42 那更好了，新的phenotype，
老鼠得了恐水症。
mouse behavior 比较难搞清。
比如说，以前有个很有名的实验实作个老鼠，说记忆不好，游water maze,（就是说要
在小盆里游来游
去），找一个小陆地找不到地。
一看数据，确实，老鼠找不到地。
我们拿来一看，老鼠直接沉了，游都不游。 也不知记忆好不好。 |
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T******y
发帖数: 14506 | 43 难，大多数SNPs phenotype不明显。next generation of sequencing 有很多垃圾data. |
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h********n
发帖数: 4079 | 44 我觉得这个太费劲. 如果你从传统的方法 mutation-->phenotype, 那比果蝇还难搞.
不如从人的疾病genetics入手, 在老鼠上验证. |
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m******i
发帖数: 10 | 45 Thanks for the kind suggestions. But I heard MCB is slow?
My paper is a KO mouse study. There are phenotypes but the editor said it is
"not a breakthrough".
It is a lot of work, but after several rejections, my boss want me to submit
it to PLos One. Crying... ... |
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d***3
发帖数: 181 | 46 A simple answer is that all techniques are needed in industry. If you are
specialized in certain unique skills, pay attention to the ads that contain
those techniques. If you are a cell biologist, get some experience on in
vitro screening assays. If you are an in vivo biologist, spend some time on
charaterizing disease related phenotypes and mechanisms. There are too
many molecular biologists on the market. For those people, technique is
usually not the selling point. |
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s******e
发帖数: 370 | 47 我也是在朋友的promega shirt上看到的，不过记得最清楚的一个是
phenotype has disappeared |
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a******g
发帖数: 938 | 48 LOL awesome discussion... agree most with the hypothsis of genetic/
epigenetic/enviromental-induced or suppressed phenotype... |
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l*******k
发帖数: 361 | 49 Then you do not agree with my bt-selection theory? I thought it is only
secondary to Darwin's natural selection theory. :(
发信人: angeling (风舞翩然 如影相随), 信区: Biology
标 题: Re: mean老板的性格是怎么形成的
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sun Apr 25 14:09:52 2010, 美东)
LOL awesome discussion... agree most with the hypothsis of genetic/
epigenetic/enviromental-induced or suppressed phenotype... |
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p*****m
发帖数: 7030 | 50 1 你google一下从EPO receptor到serotonin receptor到TRP channel怎么搞出来的
就行了 简单来说就是搞一个没有receptor的cell line，把有receptor表达的cDNA
library转进去 然后加ligand，看下游的phenotype就行了 可以是binding activ
ity，也可以是downstream signaling,等等
2 没有 但是如果你有个范围可以大概用agonist/antigonist猜猜看
specific |
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