a*****0
发帖数: 3319 | 1 granite emits radon and gamma radiation. Most granites' radiation is
negligible compared to the environmental radiation. But some granites'
radiation is relatively high, especially those with pink color and flowing
pattern. You can request a test at the granite shop. |
|
F***Q
发帖数: 6599 | 2
much
no, your EMF meter can't accurately measure the radiation from wifi (2.4GHz/
5GHz). an EMF meter mostly measures the ELF (extremely low frequency)
radiation, calibrated around 50Hz to 60Hz (AC and transmission line)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EMF_measurement#Sensitivity
so, even you manage to drop your ELF reading to 0, you should not have the
false impression that you can live safely without any EMF around you. in
fact, RF radiation is probably dominating in the household EM radiations... 阅读全帖 |
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d*w
发帖数: 384 | 3 As I mentioned medulloblastoma, its standard care in the U.S. is:
1. surgical resection if possible
2. followed by radiation therapy, for the primary site up to 60 Gy total
dose (1.8Gy/f), the neuraxis up to 30 Gy total dose (1.8Gy/f)
It would be a very tough decision for the family to make whether to receive
the radiation therapy. There is very limited experience of stereotactic
radiation therapy in children so young in China. Besides, it requires
general anesthesia in the radiation therapy cha |
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l*h
发帖数: 4124 | 4 for conformal radiation therapy, there is essential nothing to change about
your regular life. if there is any discomfort, let the radiation oncologist
know.
larger field radiation may have more impact on your bodily functions, but
radiation oncologist should have talked to you about it. |
|
l*h
发帖数: 4124 | 5 since it's adenocarcinoma, it appears there was a justification to have
surgery, if it was to reduce tumor burden without much adverse effects on
lung functions.
the pleural invasion itself is sufficient to put it into stage IV, M1a. in
the US, about 40% non-small cell patients are at stage IV at the time of
diagnosis. the 5-yr survival is around 2%.
future treatment depends on various factors. generally speaking, it should
center on improving the quality of life unless the patient him/herself
s... 阅读全帖 |
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w*********h
发帖数: 334 | 6 在AAPD的官网上， 找到这麽些资料， 有兴趣的家长可以看一下， 算是科普。
Q: How often should a child have dental X-ray films?
Since every child is unique, the need for dental X-ray films varies
from child to child. Films are taken only after reviewing your
child’s medical and dental histories and performing a clinical
examination, and only when they are likely to yield information that a
visual examination cannot.
In general, children need X-rays more often than adults. Their mouths
grow and change rapidly. They are more suscept... 阅读全帖 |
|
f******z
发帖数: 237 | 7 The tumorigenic effects of many childhood exposures to carcinogens are long
term, 30 years or 40 years later, you never know. Not like Mendelian
diseases, cancers are complex multistep and multiprocess diseases which are
the interacting results of numerous low-penetrance genetic and environmental
effects. The final tumorigenesis needs accumulations of mutations and other
abnormalities. The immune and DNA repair systems of babies and young
children are not well established and their cells from so... 阅读全帖 |
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g*****j
发帖数: 1211 | 8 Well, I don't argue with your good intention, but I don't think sending
wrong information to LZ is eventually doing them good.
Many people here apparently have misconception about radiation. The
radiation from simple procedure like chest x-ray is minimal. It is <1%
of annual radiation we get by living on this planet anyway. The
literature you cited are looking at radiation from therapeutic dose in
cancer survivors, which is a totally different ballgame.
If you don't trust my words, you can ... 阅读全帖 |
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g*****j
发帖数: 1211 | 9 Apparently everyone here is trying to help LZ. However, one should
consider whether your advice is really helping or hurting. The mistake
cannot be undone. There is no need to exaggerate the consequence of the
mistake, and urge LZ to commit in futile struggles. After all, they are
new parents and have more important things to do. The following will be
my last comments:
1) Do not exaggerate the situation. Yes, radiation is bad. But it is
all about dose. It is the cumulative dose that matt... 阅读全帖 |
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w*********h
发帖数: 334 | 10 【 以下文字转载自 Parenting 讨论区 】
发信人: wigglyteeth (Pediatric Dentist), 信区: Parenting
标 题: 牙科讲座：13.儿童口腔检查中X-Ray Use and Safety
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Wed Jan 29 20:45:27 2014, 美东)
在American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry的官网上， 找到这麽些资料， 有兴趣
的家长可以看一下， 算是科普。
Q: How often should a child have dental X-ray films?
Since every child is unique, the need for dental X-ray films varies from
child to child. Films are taken only after reviewing your child’s medical
and dental histories and performing a clinical examination,... 阅读全帖 |
|
w*********s
发帖数: 2136 | 11 Veterans Today Exclusive: What To Do About the Radioactive Poison
April 11, 2011 posted by Bob Nichols · 115 Comments
Protect Yourself and Loved Ones – Not a Drill.
(San Francisco) – What we know:
1. The daily outflow of deadly radiation from Japan’s Four Chernobyl’d
Reactors increased Ten Times on March 31.
2. The Japanese Government in conjunction with GE and the American CIA
cut off information the next day.
3. Information has resumed and is “controlled”.
4. The March 31st Radioac... 阅读全帖 |
|
w*********h
发帖数: 334 | 12 在American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry的官网上， 找到这麽些资料， 有兴趣
的家长可以看一下， 算是科普。
Q: How often should a child have dental X-ray films?
Since every child is unique, the need for dental X-ray films varies from
child to child. Films are taken only after reviewing your child’s medical
and dental histories and performing a clinical examination, and only when
they are likely to yield information that a visual examination cannot.
In general, children need X-rays more often than adults. Their mouths grow
and c... 阅读全帖 |
|
m******u
发帖数: 11 | 13 Job Description: The Department of Radiation Oncology at the Washington
University School of Medicine has an immediate opening for a postdoctoral
research associate in medical imaging. The successful candidate will
primarily focus on developing MRI techniques to guide radiation therapy. The
department has excellent resources to support cutting-edge research
activities. The first ViewRay system in the world which provides continuous
MR guidance for radiation therapy is currently under installatio... 阅读全帖 |
|
g****g
发帖数: 310 | 14 【 以下文字转载自 Military 讨论区 】
发信人: godegg (godegg), 信区: Military
标 题: Goldman Sachs告诉员工不得离开日本->看来东京还是安全的
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sun Apr 3 08:34:42 2011, 美东)
http://finance.yahoo.com/news/Goldman-Sachs-Employees-Told-cnbc
At least four Goldman Sachs executives flew into Japan last week to speak
with nervous ex-pat employees about radiation fears, according to a person
familiar with the situation. They also conveyed another message: don't leave
Japan and don't leave Tokyo.
Employees at the investment bank's... 阅读全帖 |
|
w*********s
发帖数: 2136 | 15 Veterans Today Exclusive: What To Do About the Radioactive Poison
April 11, 2011 posted by Bob Nichols · 115 Comments
Protect Yourself and Loved Ones – Not a Drill.
(San Francisco) – What we know:
1. The daily outflow of deadly radiation from Japan’s Four Chernobyl’d
Reactors increased Ten Times on March 31.
2. The Japanese Government in conjunction with GE and the American CIA
cut off information the next day.
3. Information has resumed and is “controlled”.
4. The March 31st Radioac... 阅读全帖 |
|
m********1
发帖数: 220 | 16 In most airports, passengers walk through metal detectors, which use a low-
frequency electromagnetic field to look for weapons. Anything that generates
or uses electricity, such as power lines or household appliances, produces
an electromagnetic field. At the low levels a metal detector emits, this
exposure is considered safe for everyone, including pregnant women. (The
same holds true for the wands that security personnel sometimes pass over
individual passengers.)
Many people mistakenly think... 阅读全帖 |
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p*******e
发帖数: 2310 | 17 请看看以下民科。
有risk，就可能得cancer.
Do x-rays and gamma rays cause cancer?
Yes. X-rays and gamma rays are known human carcinogens (cancer-causing
agents).Most scientists and regulatory agencies agree that even small doses
of gamma and x-radiation increase cancer risk, although by a small amount.
In general, the risk of cancer from radiation exposure increases as the dose
of radiation increases. Likewise, the lower the exposure is, the smaller
the increase in risk. But there is no threshold below which th... 阅读全帖 |
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E*****n
发帖数: 1565 | 18 只转载，不发表个人看法
原文：http://www.thebostonchannel.com/news/27342162/detail.html
BOSTON -- Although radioactive iodine has been found in Massachusetts
rainwater, experts said the amount is so low that is does not pose a threat
to the public, health officials said.
Health officials tested a sample from Boston last week and said it did show
levels of radioiodine 131 from the nuclear disaster in Japan.
Images: Radiation In Our Everyday Lives
Officials said when they tested drinking water samples from the Q... 阅读全帖 |
|
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y**n
发帖数: 814 | 20 【 以下文字转载自 Military 讨论区 】
发信人: yuan (yuanfen), 信区: Military
标 题: Re: 谁知道现在la的辐射到底多少了。 (转载)
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Fri Mar 18 13:52:29 2011, 美东)
No measurable radiation in Southern California from failed Japanese
reactors, federal officials say
March 18, 2011 | 9:51 am
Federal officials with access to radiation monitoring said Friday they
had not seen any signs of radioactivity in Southern California related
to the Japanese nuclear crisis.
A United Nations forecast had predicted the radioactive plume f... 阅读全帖 |
|
r*******t
发帖数: 8550 | 21 【 以下文字转载自 Military 讨论区 】
发信人: godegg (godegg), 信区: Military
标 题: Goldman Sachs告诉员工不得离开日本->看来东京还是安全的
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sun Apr 3 08:34:42 2011, 美东)
http://finance.yahoo.com/news/Goldman-Sachs-Employees-Told-cnbc
At least four Goldman Sachs executives flew into Japan last week to speak
with nervous ex-pat employees about radiation fears, according to a person
familiar with the situation. They also conveyed another message: don't leave
Japan and don't leave Tokyo.
Employees at the investment bank's... 阅读全帖 |
|
S****e
发帖数: 931 | 22 Fact Sheet: Increasing Plutonium Storage and Usage at Livermore
Lab Endangers the Bay Area and Central Valley
The Department of Energy (DOE) plans to double the administrative limit for
plutonium to 3,080 pounds, which is the amount that
can be housed in Livermore Lab's plutonium building. DOE also plans to
double the amount that can be used in a process or room
from 44 to 88 pounds. These plans, announced in the final Site Wide
Environmental Impact Statement (SWEIS) on Livermore Lab
operations,... 阅读全帖 |
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s**********n
发帖数: 2343 | 23 现在是运到新墨西哥WIPP 或者 爱达活 INL, 说明这些脏衣服还是相当危险。
http://www.energy.ca.gov/nuclear/shipments.html
The waste being transported and disposed of at WIPP is called "transuranic
waste." This
type of waste has been generated from nuclear weapons production, research
and
development since the 1940s at federal facilities. The wastes consist of
such items as
laboratory clothing, tools, glove boxes, rubber gloves, glassware and air
filters and are
contaminated with small amounts of radioactive materials such as pl... 阅读全帖 |
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m***n
发帖数: 690 | 24 湾区没有人帮助测测的？哪位大侠有geiger counter啊？
【 以下文字转载自 Seattle 讨论区 】
发信人: onetiemyshoe (onetiemyshoe), 信区: Seattle
标 题: 核辐射检测数据. Updated daily.
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Mon Mar 14 10:59:06 2011, 美东)
So far, 3/14/2011 & 3/15/2011, in Seattle, only background radiation = 0.008
mrem/hour. 谢谢大家给发包子 :-)
3/16/2011, radiation around .011 mrem/hour. This is NOT significant. Please
don't panick.
Radiation is measured using a geiger counter, it probably costed around $400
(worth the peace of mind); On the other hand, the... 阅读全帖 |
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h******i
发帖数: 282 | 25 Radiation news is not good for business anywhere, and there is actually no
good solution to clean them up, so most Government will try to cover up,
deny, and business (food product, tour industry etc.) would definitely
support cover up too. And sadly, this cover up will work because without
visible threat like a fire or bomb, people won't realize the danger of
radiation. To government, people will eventually die anyway, so if they will
die several years sooner because of radiation, probably no ... 阅读全帖 |
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f*********l
发帖数: 176 | 26 其实人类对辐射的种种伤害的了解远远没有普通大众以为的那么周详！
下面这个PetKau effect所揭示的不过是冰山一角--- 当然，会有人要求我证明这真的
是冰山一角， 否则要告我妖言惑众。 其实最困难的是：证明这不是冰山一角。
或者更困难的是： 证明政府决策层已经告知了大众他们政府知道的一切。
注：几个出来发言的政府人员不能代表政府决策层。
Petkau effect
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Petkau effect is an early counterexample to linear-effect assumptions
usually made about radiation exposure. It was found by Dr. Abram Petkau at
the Atomic Energy of Canada Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment,
Manitoba and published in Health Physics March 1972.... 阅读全帖 |
|
f*********l
发帖数: 176 | 27 其实人类对辐射的种种伤害的了解远远没有普通大众以为的那么周详！
下面这个PetKau effect所揭示的不过是冰山一角--- 当然，会有人要求我证明这真的
是冰山一角， 否则要告我妖言惑众。 其实最困难的是：证明这不是冰山一角。
或者更困难的是： 证明政府决策层已经告知了大众他们政府知道的一切。
注：几个出来发言的政府人员不能代表政府决策层。
Petkau effect
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Petkau effect is an early counterexample to linear-effect assumptions
usually made about radiation exposure. It was found by Dr. Abram Petkau at
the Atomic Energy of Canada Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment,
Manitoba and published in Health Physics March 1972.... 阅读全帖 |
|
f*********l
发帖数: 176 | 28 那么再给您补充一下： PetKau effect
这里其实说明人类对辐射的种种伤害所知远远没有普通大众以为的那么周详
Petkau effect
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Petkau effect is an early counterexample to linear-effect assumptions
usually made about radiation exposure. It was found by Dr. Abram Petkau at
the Atomic Energy of Canada Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment,
Manitoba and published in Health Physics March 1972.
Petkau had been measuring, in the usual way, the dose that would rupture a
particular cell membrane. He found that ... 阅读全帖 |
|
f*********l
发帖数: 176 | 29 这个回复的意思很明显啊： 我们知道现在这个雨水很不好， 不过是短时间的， 有劳
各位当当小白鼠好不？ ----好让俺们知道一下以前根据70年辐射期计算的标准到底需
要调整多少----知道了也不会告诉你。
更重要的一点是： 所谓70年的辐射期情况下的安全值，是怎么算出来的？ 哪位查查
资料？ 95%以上可能是基于所谓线性关系，即伤害与时间成正比。
可是其实人类对辐射的种种伤害的了解远远没有普通大众以为的那么周详！ 这个70年
，EPA和相关单位根本还没有这么长时间进行可靠的样本研究！ 线性关系真的对70年
长的I131（以及其他放射性核素）有效么？
下面这个PetKau effect所揭示的不过是冰山一角--- 当然，会有人要求我证明这真的
是冰山一角， 否则要告我妖言惑众。 其实最困难的是：证明这不是冰山一角。 或者
更困难的是： 证明政府决策层已经告知了大众他们政府知道的一切。
注：几个出来发言的政府人员不能代表政府决策层。
Petkau effect
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Petkau effect is a... 阅读全帖 |
|
f********t
发帖数: 6999 | 30 【 以下文字转载自 Military 讨论区 】
发信人: colon (航空报国), 信区: Military
标 题: 小鬼子核电站又喷核蒸汽了，美西的做好准备喽
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Wed Jan 1 21:16:31 2014, 美东)
从12月19号就开始了。
Steam over Fukushima as sign of catastrophe: 89 tons of deadly radioactive
fuel could reach US in 2 days
Unexplained plumes of radioactive steam have been rising from Fukushima's
Reactor Building 3. TEPCO has confirmed the reports, adding that they were
not clear on the details of the sudden change at the reactor because of "
lethal radiation levels in t... 阅读全帖 |
|
e********8
发帖数: 929 | 31 日本废旧核电站发生地下核爆炸震惊世界
http://lt.cjdby.net/thread-1770380-1-1.html
An ominous edict issued from the Office of the President of Russia today to
all Ministries of the Russian Government ordering that all “past, present
and future” information relating to Japan’s Fukushima Daiichi nuclear
disaster now be rated at the highest classification level “Of Special
Importance” states that this condition is “immediately and urgently needed
” due to a series of underground nuclear explosions occurring at this
cr... 阅读全帖 |
|
e********8
发帖数: 929 | 32 東電は現在3号機がメルトダウンしていると静かに認めた
http://blog.livedoor.jp/home_make-toaru/archives/7480037.html
TEPCO Quietly Admits Reactor 3 Could Be Melting Down NOW
Turner Radio Network (TRN) has issued a report regarding Fukushima Diachi
Nuclear Plant that is expected to affect the entire Northern Hemisphere.
According to the report: “Persons residing on the west coast of North
America should IMMEDIATELY begin preparing for another possible onslaught of
dangerous atmospheric radiation from the Fukushima nuclear d... 阅读全帖 |
|
W********1
发帖数: 5019 | 33 http://www.king5.com/news/quake/Health-officials-say-nuclear-ev
by KING 5 News
KING5.com
Posted on March 12, 2011 at 6:35 PM
Updated yesterday at 6:58 PM
Related:
•NW nuclear expert talks about Japan reactor risks
•Japan reports emergency at second nuclear reactor
•Disaster in Japan: Northwest Response
OLYMPIA - The Washington State Department of Health says they are conducting
ongoing air monitoring for radiation to see if the nuclear plant incident
in Japan has affected radia... 阅读全帖 |
|
s*********t
发帖数: 16647 | 34 这是WA department of health的实时数据
http://www.doh.wa.gov/Topics/japan/monitor-history.htm
这是主页面，包括一些很好的faq，细致到那些最容易悲观有强迫症的人会问到的问题
答案都有
http://www.doh.wa.gov/Topics/japan2011.htm
DOH还特别提到：
What is the threshold for radiation levels in the air to become a health
risk?
We don’t expect radiation traveling in the atmosphere from Japan to be much
above the harmless background levels we commonly see. Health effects from
radiation exposure start to show when a person receives a dose of 20,000
millirem — equ... 阅读全帖 |
|
J********i
发帖数: 50662 | 35 http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-03-17/japan-nuclear-disas
黑幕很多，事情大条了
By Jason Clenfield
March 18 (Bloomberg) -- The unfolding disaster at the Fukushima nuclear
plant follows decades of falsified safety reports, fatal accidents and
underestimated earthquake risk in Japan’s atomic power industry.
The destruction caused by last week’s 9.0 earthquake and tsunami comes less
than four years after a 6.8 quake shut the world’s biggest atomic plant,
also run by Tokyo Electric Power Co. In 2002 and ... 阅读全帖 |
|
f***r
发帖数: 5548 | 36 from wiki about Ultraviolet, the whole article is too long, so here is
the summery for lz's question:
The sun emits ultraviolet radiation in the UVA, UVB, and UVC bands. The
Earth's ozone layer blocks 97-99% of this UV radiation from penetrating
through the atmosphere.[4] 98.7% of the ultraviolet radiation that reaches
the Earth's surface is UVA.[citation needed] (Some of the UVB and UVC
radiation is responsible for the generation of the ozone layer.)
Ordinary glass is partially transparent to |
|
l****e
发帖数: 137 | 37 you mistaken the concept of item number, activity and radiation dose.
i guess u r thinking, oh, there is radiation leak, it leaks xxx item number
of radioactive nuclides, then oh, the
half-lifetime is very long, so the activity must be very low, so the dose is
low.
In reality, whenever there is radioactive leak, it is measured either by
activity or radiation dose, which means
if the significant components of the leak are long lived and the initial
activity or dose is high, the threat stays
very ... 阅读全帖 |
|
p***e
发帖数: 29053 | 38 日本废旧核电站发生地下核爆炸震惊世界
http://lt.cjdby.net/thread-1770380-1-1.html
An ominous edict issued from the Office of the President of Russia today to
all Ministries of the Russian Government ordering that all “past, present
and future” information relating to Japan’s Fukushima Daiichi nuclear
disaster now be rated at the highest classification level “Of Special
Importance” states that this condition is “immediately and urgently needed
” due to a series of underground nuclear explosions occurring at this
cr... 阅读全帖 |
|
M*****n
发帖数: 16729 | 39 Japan: New radiation leaks harmful to health
SOMA, Japan – Radiation is spewing from damaged reactors at a crippled
nuclear power plant in tsunami-ravaged northeastern Japan in a dramatic
escalation of the 4-day-old catastrophe. The prime minister has warned
residents to stay inside or risk getting radiation sickness.
Chief Cabinet Secretary Yukio Edano said Tuesday that a fourth reactor at
the Fukushima Dai-ichi complex was on fire and that more radiation was
released
Prime Minister Naoto Kan w... 阅读全帖 |
|
p********7
发帖数: 18007 | 40 Garrett L Walsh The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Thoracic & Cardiovasc Surgery $681,396
Jack A Roth The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Thoracic
& Cardiovasc Surgery $648,988
James D Cox The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Radiation Oncology $610,092
Franco DeMonte The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Neurosurgery $572,893
Steven A Curley The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Surgical ... 阅读全帖 |
|
w*l
发帖数: 2550 | 41 12/15/2006
关于科学研究诚信的公开信 (傅新元等120人连署)
尊敬的：教育部部长周济 科技部部长徐冠华 中国科学院院长路甬祥 国家自然科学基
金委员会主任陈宜瑜
作为科技工作者，我们十分关切国内近来多起有关学术研究不端的指控事件。我们愿意
针对科学研究诚信的重要问题表示如下观点：
1. 我们反对任何形式的学术不端行为，并强烈主张一个科技工作者应当保持高标准的
学术道德规范。我们支持揭露任何形式的学术不端。与此同时，要确证学术不端的 案
例，我们必须遵循合法和适当的调查程序。例如，美国公共卫生署关于学术研究不端行
为的处理指南规定，对学术研究不端行为指控的调查，起初应当是非公开 的，其首先
应当由所涉及机构的内部委员会调查并处理。“无罪假定 (Innocent until proven
guilty)”是我们在调查学术不端的指控时必须遵守的一个重要原则。
2. 如果争论或指控不能够在该研究机构内部解决，那么，更高的主管部门和基金支持
机构或专业协会应当介入，建立外部调查委员会，直到问题得到圆满解决。在调查 期
间，不论是指控者或被指控者，都应受到合法保护，其身份应该保密。被指... 阅读全帖 |
|
v******s
发帖数: 6949 | 42 Second -- the resulting accident at Fukushima is very bad and will
impact people around the plant and cause the loss of millons of dollars
of lost property but there are unlikely to be any public health effects
from the radiation. There may be some health effects to plant workers
who are bravely working to control the accident. Third -- even if things
get much, much worse the radiation levels in the US will not approach
the levels I've seen on a "Nuclear Fallout Map" credited to Australian
Radia... 阅读全帖 |
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a******o
发帖数: 16625 | 43 【 以下文字转载自 Military 讨论区 】
发信人: LindaLiao (梅影清吟), 信区: Military
标 题: 世界历史上最有成就的五十名物理学家。
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sun Apr 8 17:18:35 2012, 美东)
1. Isaac Newton - English. Quantified and Qualified laws of motion and
gravity. Invented the reflecting telescope. Explained the concept of light
dispersion and co-invented the Calculus.
2. Albert Einstein - German/Swiss/American - Developed Theories of Special
and General Relativity. Described Brownian Motion. Nobel Prize winner for
his work on the photoelectric ef... 阅读全帖 |
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t****g
发帖数: 35582 | 44 那样的就贵了。一般都是用软管把radiator接到机箱外面来散热。
有radiator带风扇吹的，，也有那种静音型的radiator没风扇(巨大一个，至少一尺高)
。要是NB，还可以设法把radiator放冰箱里面冻着。
高级的机箱后面都有软管进出的圆口。 |
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i****x
发帖数: 17565 | 45 懒得跟民科废话了，自己读去吧。
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiation
Ionizing (or ionising) radiation is radiation that carries enough energy to
liberate electrons from atoms or molecules, thereby ionizing them. Ionizing
radiation comprises subatomic particles, ions or atoms moving at
relativistic speeds, and electromagnetic waves on the short wavelength end
of the electromagnetic spectrum. Gamma rays, X-rays, and the upper vacuum
ultraviolet part of the ultraviolet spectrum are ionizing, whereas the... 阅读全帖 |
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o****d
发帖数: 5454 | 46 that's much different radiation, p32 is β-ray, there is no β-ray in sun's
spectra.
Radiation damage depend on dose and what kind of radiation it is.
β-ray,x-ray and gamma ray are much more dangerous than ultraviolet, etc.
Even low power laser which wavelength is on the visible region like we get
from sun every day also hurt.
some scientist get skin cancer even by their low energy laser in the lab,
and originally when they get the weak laser beam on skin they didn't feel
hurt at all, but after ma... 阅读全帖 |
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s******y
发帖数: 28562 | 47 数据没有，但是当年我们培训的时候说这个其实影响非常小。
尤其因为扫描电镜的辐射来源顶多就是x-ray, 在大部分现代的电镜里
都被困在井筒里跑不出来的。所以，对于操作电镜的人，甚至不需要佩带
辐射计数器。不过，如果你的妻子怀孕了的话，可以对有关部门声明一下，
控制一下她接触这些仪器的总机时，应该就没有问题了。
http://ehs.virginia.edu/ehs/ehs.rs/rs.rpeelectronmicroscope.htm
What are the radiation safety concerns?
The radiation safety concerns are related to the electrons that are
backscattered from the sample, as well as X-rays produced in the process.
Most modern electron microscopes are extremely well shielded and do not
produce exposure rates gre... 阅读全帖 |
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a*****c
发帖数: 53 | 48 Please help on these papers
Basic research interests in nanoscale radiation sensing
Calvin Shipbaugh
Proc. SPIE 8373, Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and
Applications IV, 83730G (May 1, 2012); doi: 10.1117/12.918026
Graphene field effect transistor as a radiation and photodetector
Ozhan Koybasi, Isaac Childres, Igor Jovanovic, Yong P. Chen
Proc. SPIE 8373, Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and
Applications IV, 83730H (May 1, 2012); doi: 10.1117/12.919628
Characteris... 阅读全帖 |
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O*********r
发帖数: 1835 | 49 版主是识货之人。
这张IMAGE看似平凡，实则是卫星遥感的一个重要进展，和97年上天的TRMM联袂，再
加上另外一些passive sensors，就把atmospheric remote sensing做活了。怎么讲
呢？这个CloudSat的PI， GLS，本来是个radiation guy，专做atmospheric radiation的
理论和运用。虽靠做RADIATION名气已很大，但一直没有跳出单纯的remote sensing这
个框框。但80年以来代兴起的Climate Change研究，以及Global Warming辩论的政
治化，创造了一个新的机遇，为纯遥感的同修们开启了一扇新门。于是相当一部分
radiation people(包括planetary scientist)将专长发挥到Climate Change研究上。
带头大哥包括NASA/GISS的JIM HANSEN。GLS是后起。好象上面那张RADAR SCAN OF
CLOUDS，据说是饱藏了揭开Global Warming奥秘的金钥匙。原因很简单，Cloud
Feedback是
未来Global Wa |
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