g*********d 发帖数: 233 | 1 夏荣辉,李江
上海交通大学医学院,上海(200011)
E-mail:e******[email protected]
摘 要:基因的表观遗传学修饰正越来越受到人们的重视,它包括DNA甲基化和组蛋白修
饰,组蛋白修
饰又包括组蛋白乙酰化和组蛋白甲基化。基因的表观遗传学改变在基因转录调节方面有
重要作用。最
近研究较多的是多种组蛋白修饰方式和DNA甲基化在基因转录调节方面的共同作用,本
文详述组蛋白
修饰和DNA甲基化的发生机制,并且总结了组蛋白乙酰化和组蛋白甲基化与DNA甲基化之
间的相互作
用,提示不同位点的组蛋白甲基化与DNA甲基化共同作用于基因转录,并且发挥不同的
作用,具体体
现在组蛋白乙酰化、组蛋白H3K9、H3K27和H4K20甲基化与DNA甲基化协同作用,使基因
发生转录抑
制,而组蛋白H3K4甲基化与基因转录激活有关。
关键词:组蛋白修饰;DNA甲基化;关系
1. 引 言
目前,在研究肿瘤发生发展的过程中,基因的表观遗传学修饰所起的作用日益得到人们
的重视。组蛋
白修饰和DNA甲基化是两种最重要的表观遗传学修饰方式。研究表明,人类几乎所有类
型的肿瘤都存
在组蛋白及DNA甲基化的异常... 阅读全帖 |
|
g*********d 发帖数: 233 | 2 目前表观遗传学(Epigenetics)通常被定义为基因表达通过有丝分裂或减数分裂发生了
可遗传的改变, 而DNA 序列不发生改变[1, 2]。表观遗传学的机
制主要包括DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰及非编码RNA。DNA 甲基化(DNA methylation)是指
在DNA甲基转移酶(DNA-methyltransferases, DNMTs)的催化下, CpG 二核苷酸中的胞嘧
啶被选择性地添加甲基, 形成5-甲基胞嘧啶[3, 4]。DNA 甲基转移酶有两种, 其中
DNMT1 主要起维持甲基化的作用, 能使半甲基化的DNA 双链分子上与甲基胞嘧啶相对应
的胞嘧啶甲基化, 可参与DNA 复制双链中新合成链的甲基化[5]; 而DNMT3a 和DNMT3b
主要起形成甲基化的作用, 能在未发生甲基化的DNA 双链上进
行甲基化[6]。DNA 甲基化一般与基因的沉默相关,DNA 去甲基化则与基因的活化相关[7
~9]。
组蛋白修饰(Histone modifications) 是指组蛋白的基础氨基末端尾部突出于核小体,
常在转录后发生变化, 包括甲基化、乙酰化、磷酸化和泛素化等翻译后的修饰... 阅读全帖 |
|
A******y 发帖数: 2041 | 3 Where do you get your HDACs? Also, which HDACs? The in vitro data for most
class IIa HDAC are wrong...including HDAC8. Class IIa and HDAC8 do not
deacetylate the acetylated substrate (or very little)...they do bind though.
I can give you an activity list...
Class I (Ac substrate)
HDAC3 > HDAC2 > HDAC1
Class IIa (TFA substrate)
HDAC8 > HDAC4 = HDAC5 = HDAC7 = HDAC9...
Class IIb (Ac substrate)
HDAC6 not so active but better than HDAC1
HDAC3 is at least x100 time more active than HDAC1/2 in vitr... 阅读全帖 |
|
A******y 发帖数: 2041 | 4 That's only if you still believe that SIRTs are deacetylase. Their
activities compare to HDACs (metal containing deacetylases) are at least ten
times lower and reversible. Could it be that acetylation is actually done
by HDAC and a SIRT just serve as an recognition motif. The same mistake has
been made for class IIa HDAC. Unfortunately I still see people repeating
the wrong information on their papers. As for specific residue differences,
two domain of HDAC6 has little differences in amino ... 阅读全帖 |
|
A******y 发帖数: 2041 | 5 But there are a lot papers literally are looking at SIRT5 and SIRT6 as
deacetylases (they are
not!) Just becasue you artificially increase the substrate concentration in
a test tube and get some activity, does not mean they are deacetylase. Btw
, there are Cell papers look at SIRT5 as deacetylase in-vivo, and in my
opinion, they are looking at other SIRT or HDAC that binds SIRT5. SIRT and
HDACs are all in a huge complexes.
Btw, the same thing for HDAC class IIa, HDAC8, HDAC6 domain 1, HDAC10,... 阅读全帖 |
|
y*****l 发帖数: 5997 | 6 来自主题: _pennystock版 - SPPI Spectrum Pharmaceuticals Announces ZEVALIN(R) and Belinostat Abstracts to Be
Presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting
4 hours 16 minutes ago - BIZ via Comtex
BusinessWireSpectrum Pharmaceuticals (NasdaqGS: SPPI), a biotechnology
company with fully integrated commercial and drug development operations
with a primary focus in oncology, today announced ZEVALIN(R) (ibritumomab
tiuxetan) and Belinostat abstracts will be presented at the 2011 Annual
Meeting of the American... 阅读全帖 |
|
g********d 发帖数: 4174 | 7 Scientists in Denmark are reporting that they are just months away from
unveiling a breakthrough treatment that could functionally cure HIV, reports
U.K. newspaper the Telegraph.
The researchers are currently conducting clinical trials of a "novel
strategy" that strips the HIV virus from human DNA, allowing the immune
system to permanently destroy the virus. The treatment involves releasing
the HIV virus from "reservoirs" it forms within DNA, bringing the virus to
the surface of the cell. Resear... 阅读全帖 |
|
y***n 发帖数: 6764 | 8 对哦,中国人一般不喜欢 bar scene, 然后中国人聚在一起一般就是一个吃字。
楼主真要是想多认识些人,可以参考 HDACs 的意见,不然的话,就自己hit the bar,
get laid. |
|
o******t 发帖数: 4384 | 9 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
yangjing (so many) 于 (Wed Feb 10 01:48:01 2010, 北京) 提到:
各方面好像都不错,对我也很细心体贴,我生病了会告诉我吃什么药,还会到时间提醒我
吃药
不太会说甜言蜜语,有时候比较沉默寡言,说的话也都比较实在
不小气,知道让我
爱好方面大家有一样的也有不一样的, 他不是太喜欢运动
家庭背景也还可以,省会城市的一般家庭,看过他父母的照片,面相挺和蔼的
不过有点不是很求上进,也不太用功作research
还有就是他坦白他的过去,在国内的时候和4个mm发生过关系,其中3个是他的exgf
一个是有夫之妇,到国外以后又和一个一起出去玩认识的mm发生过关系
他说他的ex们都已经结婚了,和她们已经彻底断了,我也不是特别在乎他是不是cn之类的
不过还是担心他是不是有一点花心
还有一个顾虑就是他朋友不多,觉得不善交往的人是不是以后发展受限制,生活也要乏味
很多阿?
正在考虑要不要深入交往下去,大家给出点主意吧
☆─────────────────────────────... 阅读全帖 |
|
h******e 发帖数: 44 | 10 我怎么觉得maniatis和那个做
sirt的人不是一个数量级的…
连axel都是受到maniatis影响很深…
mit 做sirt那个人好像并不是最早在酵母里面克隆sir1234的,他只是做了sir2是个
hdac
Mark |
|
g*******f 发帖数: 427 | 11 最近对这个histone acetylation and deacetylation 调控基因表达挺有兴趣,就这个
HDAC好像很多文章的结论 contradictive . 不知道该怎么follow 了,是不是这方面很
难研究啊,还请有做这方面的牛兄弟给点意见。
刚发现澳大利亚一个组的一篇JBC文章,看摘要觉得挺有趣的,可是看全文发现被撤销了
VOLUME 284 (2009) PAGES 35101–35112
DOI 10.1074/jbc.A209.061903
Histone deacetylase-1 is enriched at the platelet-derived
growth factor-D promoter in response to interleukin-1
and forms a cytokine-inducible gene-silencing complex
with NF-B p65 and interferon regulatory factor-1.
Mary Y. Liu and Levon M. Khachigian
This art |
|
c******n 发帖数: 492 | 12 我在用HDAC inhibitor处理细胞。请问如何在排除了h1和h2的情况下,看看是不是通过
h3呢?
新手。
谢谢。 |
|
a***e 发帖数: 1010 | 13 can you first test whether h3 modification are altered after HDAC inhibitor
treatment by western blot, MS-spec, or ChIP? |
|
A******y 发帖数: 2041 | 14 Simplified version for acetylation is number 2. However, acetylated histone
also recruit activation factors and displace silencing factors. Usually
for all transcription number 1 combining with number 2 is correct, don't
forget the HAT/HDAC has to be regulated to know which genes to turn on and
off. |
|
A******y 发帖数: 2041 | 15 Cloned first HDAC, didn't discover SAHA. |
|
z***d 发帖数: 131 | 16 1.发现Overexpression of 蛋白A会导致gene B表达增高;
2.文献报道蛋白A是一个Non-histone chromatin remodeling protein,它能displace
HADC,从而增加acetyl-H3K9在另两个target genes(C and D)promoter regions处的结
合。
3.另有报道Gene B的表达受HDAC调控。
因此,我的Hypothesis是蛋白A也是通过相似的方式(displace HADC,增加acetyl-
H3K9在genes B promoter regions处的结合)来引起基因B的高表达。
可是今天的Acetyl-H3K9/K14 ChIP结果正好和假设完全相反:在蛋白A高表达的细胞中
,acetyl-H3K9在genes B promoter region和RPL 30 intron 2 (Positive control)
处的结合率显著降低。
疑问:1. 有acetyl-H3K9在promoter region处的结合率下降,但基因表达却开启的例
子吗?
2. 由于蛋白A本身又可以和Hi... 阅读全帖 |
|
A******y 发帖数: 2041 | 17 For number 1, if you are worry about reviewers, you have to do two things: 1
. Mass spec will tell you where the modification is. 2. For your gene of
interest, you can use different but well know histone acetylation or
methylation marker doing chromatin IP. Both require experience and special
training to do them right though. Even if you can find specific actylated
ab for the resiude, reviewers will ask for these two experiments for a good
journal. As for as I know, histone H3 K9 Chip is ve... 阅读全帖 |
|
m*********e 发帖数: 378 | 18 fresh master 也来搭车找个工作,今年夏天毕业,刚从thesis里面抽出点身来找工作,想作tech
skills大概就是这些吧,用过的模式生物主要是细胞,大小鼠,本科很intense的作过两年拟南芥。对酵母,果蝇,噬菌体也
都有了解
版上的前辈们哪里有要人呀,要是作cancer的就更好了
• Protein analysis by immunoblot, immunoprecipitation, ELISA,
antibody purification, and coomassie blue staining
• Expression of recombinant protein (or miRNA, siRNA) in
mammalian cells, bacteria, and plants
• RNA analysis by Real-time PCR and PCR array
• Plasmid construction of recombinant DNA and small RNA
R... 阅读全帖 |
|
m*********e 发帖数: 378 | 19 我在人家那里贴的快要歪楼了,还是在这里自己开个贴吧
今年夏天毕业,刚从thesis里面抽出点身来找工作,想作technician 或者specialist
的工作
本着实事求是的态度在这里老老实实的写写自己会的技术
现在经常做的有 western, GFP-fusion protein expression in mammalian cells,
flow cytometry of TUNEL assay, enzyme assay (proteasom, HDAC,cell
proliferation), cell and small animal handling
近年用到但不是很经常做的有 realtime, PCR array, IFHC, ELISA, coomassie blue
staining, genotyping
曾经完全掌握一天之内捡起来的有 plasmid construction, IP
曾经做过需要点时间上手的有 map-based cloning, expression of recombinant
protein (miRNA) in plants, a... 阅读全帖 |
|
s*********t 发帖数: 600 | 20 如果是nuclear extract 的话,好像有PRMT5, 还有某HDAC。当然如果看到HSP70/80之
类,不过HSP不是M2特有的咯 |
|
a*****x 发帖数: 901 | 21 能不能说下模拟受精的细节。。
还有为什么epigenetics reset是通过转录因子呢?一般不是通过HDAC,sirtuin之类的
吗。。。 |
|
A******y 发帖数: 2041 | 22 The differences is not at the detection method. The cells grow differently
in cell culture (liquid) verses colongenic method (semi-solid). I can give
you a perfect example which is not reported anywhere. HDAC inhibitor, SAHA,
inhibits leukemia cell growth in cell culture (many papers). However, it
is useless against leukemia growth in colongenic assay. |
|
A******y 发帖数: 2041 | 23 Google SIRT5 and succinate etc. SIRT6 although has been reported to be a
deacetylase, but I think it is BS (don't worry no paper will be retracted,
just like all the class IIa HDAC paper). The activity is too low or none.
I think class IIa, IV, HDAC6 domain 1, and SIRT4, 6, and 7 substrates are
either not acetyl group or require special activation and highly context
dependent.
N.M. here is the link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22076378
P.S. I'm one of the reviewers of the SIRT5 paper. |
|
A******y 发帖数: 2041 | 24 What are you talking about? They have activities, just no activity against
acetylated lysine. Sirtuin 5 and 6 used to be no activity against
acetylated lysine...their natural substrates known now. My interest is in
HDACs, let's hope I don't get scooped...too many projects not enough money
and able hands... |
|
s*******s 发帖数: 132 | 25 good luck.
I used to work on one of the HDACs, dropped that project.......
against |
|
A******y 发帖数: 2041 | 26 Yes, let's hunt down all papers telling you that Sirt5 is a deacetylase and
tell the PI to retract. Same things for HDAC classIIa etc. |
|
A******y 发帖数: 2041 | 27 I need all the luck I can get...although I do have a R01 in HDAC. I nee
more! Btw, I know the paper's author shown above pretty well. |
|
A******y 发帖数: 2041 | 28 You do know DMSO is the original HDAC inhibitors. |
|
s******a 发帖数: 472 | 29 这个我不知道,
多大的浓度可以起到HDAC抑制剂的作用? |
|
s******a 发帖数: 472 | 30 我看了一下,文献里说抑制HDAC会促进基因A(Socs3)表达。这样刚好和实验结果相
反。 |
|
m******t 发帖数: 109 | 31 HDAC inhibitors, NAM+TSA needed in cell lysis buffer, except protease
inhibitor cocktail |
|
A******y 发帖数: 2041 | 32 Good basic research with potential application. They are knowledge but the
return might not be immediate. Although, I do believe the HDAC/SIRT field
need to move away from histones. |
|
O**********a 发帖数: 317 | 33 吓我一跳,还以为Tet被发现还有去乙酰化酶活性了。
原来是募集HDAC啊。这种工作,半真半假,没啥意思。
能发Nature,真的是无聊。当然如你所说,Nature上50%的文章也就这么回事。 |
|
s********n 发帖数: 1124 | 34 “十年磨一剑”,是中国自主创新药物研发的常态。在初期大环境尚未如今日般利好、
研发之路“荆棘遍布”的情况下,已有许多药物研发者义无反顾地投入了创新药物的长
期工作之中。如今,属于他们的收获之季陆续到来。在此,小编特挑选近五年内的重点
原创药物进行盘点。
(1)肿瘤领域:世界瞩目
埃克替尼我国自主研发的小分子靶向抗癌药物埃克替尼于2011年8月正式上市。此药被
原国家卫生部陈竺部长称为民生领域的“两弹一星”,入选2011年“十一五”国家重大
科技成就巡回展;其研究被世界肺癌大会接受为大会报告,亦在美国临床肿瘤学会(
ASCO)年会上被接受为
壁报讨论项目(Poster Discussion)。肿瘤学专家莫树锦(Tony Mok)教授和海斯特(
Rebecca S Heist)教授评价其是继吉非替尼和厄洛替尼之后全球第三个用于晚期肺癌的
表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)-酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)。
殊荣同至,必有其因,埃克替尼可谓创造了其所在领域的多项“第一”,即全球第一个
TKI互为对照的注册Ⅲ期临床试验、亚洲第一个TKI靶向抗肿瘤药、中国第一个有自主知
识产权的小分子抗肿瘤药以及在中国第... 阅读全帖 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 35 转帖:今天一早打开微信发现“转基因自闭症猴”研究报道刷屏了,两大知名科普微信
公众号“赛先生”和“知识分子”都在第一时间推送了相关报道,同时国内外各大媒体
做了较为详尽的报道。这篇研究论文于今日凌晨在Nature在线发表,标题为《Autism-
like behaviours and germline transmission in transgenic monkeys
overexpressing MeCP2》,同时Nature配发了评论文章《Monkeys genetically
modified to show autism symptoms》。
这项研究是由中科院上海神经科学研究所研究院仇子龙课题组和孙强研究组合作
完成的。这项研究是全球首例利用非人类灵长类动物建立的自闭症研究模型,为后续深
入研究自闭症致病机理和探索治疗自闭症的研究方法奠定了基础。在这里小编就不再重
复今日媒体报道的内容了,今天写这篇文章主要是综合了国外媒体的报道,谈谈这项工
作受到某些人质疑的内容或者说是不足吧。小编首先声明不是来黑这项标志性的具有重
要意义的文章的,本人只是从另一个角度聊聊国内媒... 阅读全帖 |
|
A******y 发帖数: 2041 | 36 Just mention how Schreiber cloned HDAC1 before any biologist. However, a
biologist and a chemist made and translated the first HDAC inhibitor without
knowing the target at the time. |
|
U******m 发帖数: 423 | 37 选个好的题目真难,tnnd!
抗HIV,老的靶点已经做滥了,比如protease,nnrti做的也已经太多,integrase现在感
觉疗效不是很理想,好像只能配合用。capsid或许有前途,但现在问题还是很多。
抗肿瘤,老的靶点做不出东西了,新的靶点都是凑热闹。比如tubulin,bcl-2等,长远
上不是很看好,hdac的抑制剂好像也不怎么样,至于一些作用于PKC或TPK的目前好
像很好的一些药物,早晚要被淘汰。hsp90现在还比较看好,但是这个领域好像问题也
比较大...
心血管,降血压好像已经不是问题,降血脂好像hmg-coa reductase也还不错,statin
类还是在拼命赚钱,虽然可能有毒副作用,好像还没有好的靶点出来。
大家帮忙出个主意吧... |
|
b*********n 发帖数: 2975 | 38 有主意的自己赠钱去了, 还给你出主意, 呵呵
选个好的题目真难,tnnd!
抗HIV,老的靶点已经做滥了,比如protease,nnrti做的也已经太多,integrase现在感
觉疗效不是很理想,好像只能配合用。capsid或许有前途,但现在问题还是很多。
抗肿瘤,老的靶点做不出东西了,新的靶点都是凑热闹。比如tubulin,bcl-2等,长远
上不是很看好,hdac的抑制剂好像也不怎么样,至于一些作用于PKC或TPK的目前好
像很好的一些药物,早晚要被淘汰。hsp90现在还比较看好,但是这个领域好像问题也
比较大...
心血管,降血压好像已经不是问题,降血脂好像hmg-coa reductase也还不错,statin
类还是在拼命赚钱,虽然可能有毒副作用,好像还没有好的靶点出来。
大家帮忙出个主意吧... |
|
o*****y 发帖数: 699 | 39 11101433 彭君 中南大学 “补丁”马氏过程
及其相关问题的研究 A0110 青年科学基金项目 22
2012-1-1 2014-12-31
2 11101434 徐勇 中南大学 无限时滞随机泛
函微分方程及其在种群动力系统中的应用 A011003 青年科学基金项目
22 2012-1-1 2014-12-31
3 11101435 周岳 中南大学 三类常数项恒等
式的数学机械化研究 A0116 青年科学基金项目 22
2012-1-1 2014-12-31
4 11102239 李地元 中南大学 ... 阅读全帖 |
|
q*****n 发帖数: 1035 | 40 听报告说HDAC inhibitor有效,应该有在trial中的 |
|
L*******e 发帖数: 2153 | 41 HDAC inhibitor已经成为可以治疗百病的了。学pharmacology 学多了,对现在的新药
物都没有什么信心。clinical trial? even after that, i would still hesitate to
prescribe that to patients. since the sample of clinical trial is so small.
who knows what side effects are. do you know there are equal number of
people who die because of side effects and people who die of prostate cancer
? that is a scary thing. those people follow physician instruction closely,
but are still killed by side effects, not the disease itself, sadly enough! |
|