l*****a
发帖数: 38403 | 1 Theophilus of Alexandria (died 412) was Patriarch of Alexandria, Egypt
from 385 to 412. He is regarded as a saint by the Coptic Orthodox
Church.
He was a Coptic Pope at a time of conflict between the newly dominant
Christians and the pagan establishment in Alexandria, each supported by
a segment of the Alexandrian populace.
In 391, Theophilus (according to Rufinus and Sozomen) discovered a
hidden pagan temple. He and his followers mockingly displayed the pagan
artifacts to the public which offended the pagans enough to provoke an
attack on the Christians. The Christian faction counter-attacked,
forcing the pagans to retreat to the Serapeum (That at the time may have
housed part of the Great Library of Alexandria). A letter was sent by
the emperor that Theophilus should grant the offending pagans pardon,
but destroy the temple; according to Socrates Scholasticus, a
contemporary of his, the latter aspect (the destruction of the temple)
was added as a result of heavy solicitation for it by Theophilus.
Scholasticus goes on to state that :
“ Seizing this opportunity, Theophilus exerted himself to the
utmost ... he caused the Mithraeum to be cleaned out... Then he
destroyed the Serapeum... and he had the phalli of Priapus carried
through the midst of the forum. ... the heathen temples... were
therefore razed to the ground, and the images of their gods molten into
pots and other convenient utensils for the use of the Alexandrian
church[1] ”
—Socrates Scholasticus, The Ecclesiastical History
.
The destruction of the Serapeum was seen by many ancient and modern
authors as representative of the triumph of Christianity over other
religions. According to John of Nikiu in the 7th century, when the
philosopher Hypatia was lynched and flayed by a mob of Alexandrian
Coptic monks, they acclaimed Theophilus's nephew and successor Cyril as
"the new Theophilus, for he had destroyed the last remains of idolatry
in the city".[2]
Theophilus turned on the followers of Origen after having supported them
for a time. He was accompanied by his nephew Cyril to Constantinople in
403 and there presided at the "Synod of the Oak" that deposed John
Chrysostom.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theophilus_of_Alexandria | l*****a
发帖数: 38403 | |
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