A***u
发帖数: 3714 | 1 就是闲着没事，出于好奇，查查资料，学习一下Home School这个现象。我自己的孩子
目前没考虑过这么小众的事情。
最好自己读Wiki。
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeschooling
1 History
2 Methodology
2.1 Unit studies
2.2 All-in-one curricula
2.3 Unschooling and natural learning
2.4 Autonomous learning
3 Homeschooling and college admissions
4 Homeschool cooperatives
5 Homeschool athletics
6 Motivations
7 Research
7.1 Supportive
7.1.1 Test results
7.1.2 Socialization
7.2 Criticism
8 Controversy and criticism
9 International status and statistics
10 See also
11 References
12 External links
然后Wiki一下美国的Home school的情况：
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeschooling_in_the_United_States | A***u
发帖数: 3714 | 2 关键这个：
Opposition to homeschooling comes from some organizations of teachers and
school districts. The National Education Association, a United States
teachers' union and professional association, opposes homeschooling.[46][47]
Criticisms by such opponents include:
Inadequate standards of academic quality and comprehensiveness
Lack of socialization with peers of different ethnic and religious
backgrounds
The potential for development of religious or social extremism/
individualism
Potential for development of parallel societies that do not fit into
standards of citizenship and community | A***u
发帖数: 3714 | 3 注意一下，关于那个John Holt自己的说法： 在历史那一段：
n 1976, Holt published Instead of Education; Ways to Help People Do Things
Better. In its conclusion, he called for a "Children's Underground Railroad"
to help children escape compulsory schooling.[10] In response, Holt was
contacted by families from around the U.S. to tell him that they were
educating their children at home. In 1977, after corresponding with a number
of these families, Holt began producing Growing Without Schooling, a
newsletter dedicated to home education.[11]
In 1980, Holt said, "I want to make it clear that I don't see homeschooling
as some kind of answer to badness of schools. I think that the home is the
proper base for the exploration of the world which we call learning or
education. Home would be the best base no matter how good the schools were."
[12]
Holt later wrote a book about homeschooling, Teach Your Own, in 1981.
One common theme in the homeschool philosophies of both Holt and the Moores
is that home education should not be an attempt to bring the school
construct into the home, or a view of education as an academic preliminary
to life. They viewed it as a natural, experiential aspect of life that
occurs as the members of the family are involved with one another in daily
living.[citation needed] | A***u
发帖数: 3714 | 4 John Hold 有一本书叫：How Children Fail
我不赞同这个观点。
n How Children Fail John Holt states his belief that children love to learn,
but hate to be taught. His experiences in the classroom as a teacher and
researcher brought him to the conclusion that all children are intelligent.
They become unintelligent because they are accustomed by teachers and
schools to strive only for teacher approval and for the “right" answers,
and to forget all else. In this system, children see no value in thinking
and discovery, but see it only in playing the game of school.
Children believe that they must please the teacher, the adults, at all costs
. They learn how to manipulate teachers to gain clues about what the teacher
really wants. Through the teacher’s body language, facial expressions and
other clues, they learn what might be the right answer. They mumble,
straddle the answer, get the teacher to answer their own question, and take
wild guesses while waiting to see what happens- all in order to increase the
chances for a right answer.
When children are very young, they have natural curiosity about the world,
trying diligently to figure out what is real. As they become “producers”,
rather than “thinkers”, they fall away from exploration and start fishing
for the right answers with little thought. They believe they must always be
right, so they quickly forget mistakes and how these mistakes were made.
They believe that the only good response from the teacher is “yes”, and
that a “no” is defeat.
They fear wrong answers and shy away from challenges because they may not
have the right answer. This fear, which rules them in the school setting,
does their thinking and learning a great disservice. A teacher’s job is to
help them overcome their fears of failure and explore the problem for real
learning. So often, teachers are doing the opposite — building children’s
fears up to monumental proportions. Children need to see that failure is
honorable, and that it helps them construct meaning. It should not be seen
as humiliating, but as a step to real learning. Being afraid of mistakes,
they never try to understand their own mistakes and cannot and will not try
to understand when their thinking is faulty. Adding to children’s fear in
school is corporal punishment and humiliation, both of which can scare
children into right/wrong thinking and away from their natural exploratory
thinking.
Holt maintains that when teachers praise students, they rob them of the joy
of discovering truth for themselves. They should be aiding them by guiding
them to explore and learn as their interests move them. In mathematics,
children learn algorithms, but when faced with problems with Cuisenaire rods
, they cannot apply their learning to real situations. Their learning is
superficial in that they can sometimes spit out the algorithm when faced
with a problem on paper, but have no understanding of how or why the
algorithm works and no deep understanding about numbers.
Holt believes that end of year achievement tests do not show real learning.
Teachers (Holt included) generally cram for these tests in the weeks
preceding. Meanwhile, the material learned is forgotten shortly after the
tests because it was not motivated by interest, nor does it have practical
use. |
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