l*y
发帖数: 21010 | 1 【 以下文字转载自 WaterWorld 讨论区 】
发信人: ldy (我不是老大爷), 信区: WaterWorld
标 题: 论金山词霸和有道里的《柯林斯双解》词典的失败之处
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Jul 25 16:30:08 2013, 美东)
我们来看"cast"这个词，这个词是google今天刚推出的用电视看视频的小设备，叫
chromecast，刚一出来amazon上就被预定一空。
这个玩意的大概意思就是你在手机或者tablet上找到的视频，比如youtube或者netflix
，想在电视上放，那你只要一点cast那个按钮，就自动传到电视上开始播放了。
那么这里的cast是什么意思呢？如果你不太清楚，去查金山词霸或者有道词典，首先映
入眼帘的是这几条解释：
1. N-COUNT-COLL 可数集合名词(戏剧、电影的)全体演员 The cast of a play or
film is all the people who act in it. The show is very amusing and the cast
are very good. 演出妙趣横生，演员的表演也很出彩。
2. VERB 动词挑选(演员);使…出演(某角色) To cast an actor in a play or film
means to choose them to act a particular role in it. 【语法信息】：V n in/as
n 【语法信息】：V nThe world premiere of Harold Pinter's new play casts Ian
Holm in the lead role... 哈罗德·品特新剧的世界首演由伊恩·霍尔姆担纲主演。
He was cast as a college professor... 他被安排饰演一个大学教授。 He had no
trouble casting the movie. 他为该部电影挑选演员没费一点力气。 casting The
film could have done without the casting of the director's daughter in a
central role. 其实，当初完全可以不选导演的女儿出演这部电影的关键角色。 ...
the casting director of Ealing film studios. 伊灵制片公司负责挑选演员的导演
3. VERB 动词描述;描写;描绘 To cast someone in a particular way or as a
particular thing means to describe them in that way or suggest they are that
thing. 【语法信息】：V n as/in n 【语法信息】：V pron-refl as/in nDemocrats
have been worried about being cast as the party of the poor... 民主党人一直
担心被描绘成穷人的政党。 Holland would never dare cast himself as a virtuoso
pianist. 霍兰永远不敢说自己是位钢琴名家。
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
看到这里你就晕了，这跟把视频传到电视上有什么关系呢？
但如果你不是用《柯林斯》这样的ESL学习型词典，而是用英语母语人士常用的词典，
比如dictionary.com上的Random House词典，或者m-w的webster词典， 那么第一条解
释肯定是cast这个词的最基本意思：扔，投。（这些母语词典往往是按照词意的历史顺
序进行排列，最早出现的意思放在前面）
cast [kast, kahst] Show IPA verb, cast, cast·ing, noun, adjective verb (
used with object)
1. to throw or hurl; fling: The gambler cast the dice.
于是你很快就明白cast这个按钮的含义了：就是把手机上的画面给“扔”到电视上嘛！
仔细想想，像《柯林斯》这样的给外国人编的学习型词典之所以把演员之类的引申含
义列在第一条，肯定是因为日常生活中这些含义出现的次数最多。但是这样对我们真正
彻底地深刻地、灵活地理解一个单词的意思，反而起到了不好的作用！想想我们说中文
的时候，也经常会有一些字词的本意反而不常用、引申义反而常用的现象，但是我们脑
子里理解这个词的时候，是以本意为基础进行延伸的。正因为有这样的过程，我们有时
候甚至会自己给词语“发明”出新的含义，因为我们对它的本意太熟悉了，所以可以把
这个词用“活”。
而且，只有当你深刻理解了一个词的本意，你才能对它的引申义到底是怎么引申出来的
这个内在逻辑有一个理解。这样其实你就不用去把一个词所有的释义都背下来，只要掌
握一个核心含义，其他都能用“理解”而不是“背”的方法记住。尤其是对于有些含义
特别多的常见词，比如pull, pop, roll这样一个单词有10、20多个释义的。
因此建议大家尽可能多用母语词典，或者是中国人编的权威的英汉词典，比如《新英汉
词典》、《21世纪大英汉词典》，因为这些词典一般都是以webster等权威母语词典为
蓝本而编篡的！同时，在掌握了一定词汇量的基础上，尽量少用牛津高阶、朗文当代这
样的特意给外国人编的ESL词典。 | l****z
发帖数: 29846 | 2 Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary
cast 1
cast (LOOK) /kɑːst/ US /kæst/
cast a look/glance/smile/etc. to look/smile/etc. in a particular direction:
She cast a quick look in the rear mirror. cast 2
cast (THROW) /kɑːst/ US /kæst/
verb cast, cast
1 [T + adverb or preposition] LITERARY to throw something:
The knight cast the sword far out into the lake.
2 [T] (in fishing) to throw something, such as a line, into the water to
catch fish with:
He cast the line to the middle of the river. | l****z
发帖数: 29846 | 3 Merriam-Webster's Collegiate® Dictionary
1cast 1 n.
Pronunciation: 'kast
Function: verb
Inflected Form: cast ; cast·ing
Etymology: Middle English, from Old Norse kasta; akin to Old Norse
kỏs heap
Date: 13th century
transitive verb
1 a : to cause to move or send forth by throwing
dice> b : DIRECT c (1) : to put forth
warm glow> (2) : to place as if by throwing <
cast doubt on their reliability> d : to deposit (a ballot) formally e (1) :
to throw off or away (2) : to get rid of : DISCARD <
cast off all restraint> (3) : SHED, MOLT (4) : to bring forth especially :
to give birth to prematurely f : to throw to the ground especially in
wrestling g : to build by throwing up earth
2 a (1) : to perform arithmetical operations on : ADD (2) : to calculate by
means of astrology b archaic : DECIDE, INTEND
3 a : to dispose or arrange into parts or into a suitable form or order b (1
) : to assign the parts of (a dramatic production) to actors
(2) : to assign (as an actor) to a role or part
role>
4 a : to give a shape to (a substance) by pouring in liquid or plastic form
into a mold and letting harden without pressure b : to form by
this process | c******n
发帖数: 16666 | 4 cast a spell嘛 lz没怎么玩过游戏吧~ | g*******y
发帖数: 2783 | |
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