z***o
发帖数: 2104 | 1 It was the day before Christmas, and the normally busy MIT laboratory on
Vassar Street in Cambridge was quiet. But creatures were definitely stirring
, including a mouse that would soon be world famous.
Steve Ramirez, a 24-year-old doctoral student at the time, placed the mouse
in a small metal box with a black plastic floor. Instead of curiously
sniffing around, though, the animal instantly froze in terror, recalling the
experience of receiving a foot shock in that same box. It was a textbook
fear response, and if anything, the mouse’s posture was more rigid than
Ramirez had expected. Its memory of the trauma must have been quite vivid.
Which was amazing, because the memory was bogus: The mouse had never
received an electric shock in that box. Rather, it was reacting to a false
memory that Ramirez and his MIT colleague Xu Liu had planted in its brain.
“Merry Freaking Christmas,” read the subject line of the email Ramirez
shot off to Liu, who was spending the 2012 holiday in Yosemite National Park.
The observation culminated more than two years of a long-shot research
effort and supported an extraordinary hypothesis: Not only was it possible
to identify brain cells involved in the encoding of a single memory, but
those specific cells could be manipulated to create a whole new “memory”
of an event that never happened.
“It’s a fantastic feat,” says Howard Eichenbaum, a leading memory
researcher and director of the Center for Neuroscience at Boston University,
where Ramirez did his undergraduate work. “It’s a real breakthrough that
shows the power of these techniques to address fundamental questions about
how the brain works.”
The prospect of tinkering precisely with memory has tantalized scientists
for years. “A lot of people had been thinking along these lines,” says
Sheena Josselyn, a senior neuroscientist at the Hospital for Sick Children
in Toronto, who studies the cellular underpinnings of memory, “but they
never dreamed that these experiments would actually work. No one ever
thought that you could actually, really do this.”
Except Ramirez and Liu. Their work has launched a new era in memory research
and could someday lead to new treatments for medical and psychiatric
afflictions such as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and Alzheimer
’s disease. “The sky is really the limit now,” says Josselyn.
Though the work so far has been done on lab mice, the duo’s discoveries
open a deeper line of thought into human nature. If memories can be
manipulated at will, what does it mean to have a past? If we can erase a bad
memory, or create a good one, how do we develop a true sense of self? “
Memory is identity,” the British author Julian Barnes writes in his memoir
Nothing to Be Frightened Of. “You are what you have done; what you have
done is in your memory; what you remember defines who you are.” | z***o
发帖数: 2104 | 2 “You are what you have done; what you have
done is in your memory; what you remember defines who you are.”
如果记忆可以被任意改变，每个人都可以被重塑？
想想就不寒而栗 | n*******s
发帖数: 17267 | 3 You are what you think, in theory, not only can memory
be reprogrammed, your future thoughts can also
be programmed.
However, you decide whether you want that
Treatment. Worry less, life is nothing but energy
change, maybe before all of that happens, Jesus
will be here already.
Happy weekend, another day not well spent.. | z***o
发帖数: 2104 | 4 人总被环境和时间推着走，自觉或无觉地改变。
但不想被人为操作去改变，两位大拿对于那只小鼠来说算造物主么？
中饭吃撑了，但是很美味，Thai/India food
Curry Tofu
Lemon Grass Soup
Fresh Nan
赞！！
听侃侃的好歌，有思考有书看有人聊的一天不算坏， 共勉！！！
【在 n*******s 的大作中提到】
: You are what you think, in theory, not only can memory
: be reprogrammed, your future thoughts can also
: be programmed.
: However, you decide whether you want that
: Treatment. Worry less, life is nothing but energy
: change, maybe before all of that happens, Jesus
: will be here already.
: Happy weekend, another day not well spent..
| n*******s
发帖数: 17267 | 5 老鼠没办法反抗，想要他们停止，只能给他们移植类似的memory,
让他们胡搞吧，来生投胎做老鼠。 | z***o
发帖数: 2104 | 6 弗兰西丝·法默
小时候看过一部讲她的电影，印象很深刻，就是她被切除了部分脑叶，今天的老鼠记忆
植入差不多类似的扭曲brain？
sigh
弗兰西丝·法默(Frances Farmer)，上世纪初叶出生于美国西雅图，在西雅图的华盛
顿大学学习戏剧。1935年到好莱坞发展，和派拉蒙电影制片公司签了7年的合作协议，
很快成为电影新星。1937年，戏剧表演灵感被充分激发，参加好莱坞著名编剧创作的戏
剧《黄金男孩》(Golden Boy)演出，取得成功，并在全国各地巡演了半年之久。1939年
开始，她的行为开始有些古怪，经常独自饮酒，人们对她的信任度打了折扣，影迷对她
的喜欢程度也有所降低。在美国小说家海明威的帮助下，弗兰西丝脱离了百老汇戏剧圈
，并于1940年在2部高成本影片中担纲主角。1941年起，她的星途开始走下坡路，只能
和别人合演影片。
弗兰西丝于1941年底拍摄的《Son of Fury》一片，演技精湛，受到影评界的交口称赞
，但考虑到她酗酒和日益严重的精神问题，派拉蒙解除了与她签定的合约。1943年，弗
兰西丝被错误地宣布为精神无能力(mentally incompetent)患者，接着被强制送进精神
病院，接受了前脑叶白质切除手术。经受了11年痛苦折磨后，弗兰西丝终于摆脱噩梦般
的生活。后来，弗兰西丝原谅了曾经对自己犯过错误的父母，在宾馆洗衣店工作，精心
照料着他们的生活。1952年，弗兰西丝重新出现在电视荧屏和好莱坞的银幕上，出演了
《这就是生活》(This Is Your Life)一片。 期间，她还参加了几部电视戏剧的演出。
1954年，她和西雅图的一名公共事务职员结婚，但很快就离开了他，一个人偷偷跑到了
加州的尤利卡，隐姓埋名在一家照相工作室营生。1958年起，应NBC附属电视机构WFBM
雇佣，她开始主持一档名为“弗兰西丝·法默之礼物”(Frances Farmer Presents)的
电视节目，负责电影内容访谈，颇受观众喜爱，节目一直办了6年，最终因弗兰西丝酗
酒问题才宣告终止。之后的几年时间里，她靠做一些小生意糊口度日，1970年因食道癌
去世。
【在 n*******s 的大作中提到】
: 老鼠没办法反抗，想要他们停止，只能给他们移植类似的memory,
: 让他们胡搞吧，来生投胎做老鼠。
| z***o
发帖数: 2104 | 7 《弗兰西斯》 - 剧情介绍
本片再现了悲剧人物弗兰西丝的人生遭遇。
好莱坞30年代的著名影星弗兰西丝·法默在中学时代即展露出过人的表演才华，并很快
在事业上获得了成功。作为一名极有潜质的女演员，直言不讳的弗兰西丝有着倔强的性
格，因不愿充当为好莱坞老板赚钱的机器，不甘心受老板的控制，于是被打入冷宫，连
一个小角色也演不上。在经历了一系列的不幸后，生活的磨难使她性格大变，沉溺于吸
毒和酗酒。后来，她同野心勃勃的母亲发生了激烈的矛盾，在与警察的冲突中以精神分
裂症为由被强行送入疯人院，在那个非人的地方受尽了各种折磨，忍受了8年地狱般的
煎熬。她反抗、喊叫，最终却被切除了脑垂体。1970年，弗兰西丝因癌症去世。
这部根据弗兰西丝·法默的悲惨一生改编而成的传记片讲述了一个噩梦般的悲剧，以大
量的篇
《弗兰西斯》
《弗兰西斯》图册
幅真实地展现了主人公的苦难。由杰西卡·兰格扮演的弗兰西丝以坚定倔强而富于感情
的表演弥补了影片在结构和风格上存在的层次不清、没有节奏感的缺憾。杰西卡·兰格
消融了自身，完全进入了角色，将弗兰西丝发自内心的不满和愤慨刻画得淋漓尽致，展
现出了一个活生生的主人公，获得评论界的交口称赞。
【在 z***o 的大作中提到】
: 弗兰西丝·法默
: 小时候看过一部讲她的电影，印象很深刻，就是她被切除了部分脑叶，今天的老鼠记忆
: 植入差不多类似的扭曲brain？
: sigh
: 弗兰西丝·法默(Frances Farmer)，上世纪初叶出生于美国西雅图，在西雅图的华盛
: 顿大学学习戏剧。1935年到好莱坞发展，和派拉蒙电影制片公司签了7年的合作协议，
: 很快成为电影新星。1937年，戏剧表演灵感被充分激发，参加好莱坞著名编剧创作的戏
: 剧《黄金男孩》(Golden Boy)演出，取得成功，并在全国各地巡演了半年之久。1939年
: 开始，她的行为开始有些古怪，经常独自饮酒，人们对她的信任度打了折扣，影迷对她
: 的喜欢程度也有所降低。在美国小说家海明威的帮助下，弗兰西丝脱离了百老汇戏剧圈
|
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