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发帖数: 89 | 1 http://www.amc.edu/PR/PressRelease/04_20_15_drs.html
http://www
Albany Med Announces 2015 Recipients of Albany Prize in Medicine
Albany, N.Y., April 20, 2015—A pair of scientist/inventors who developed
widely used modern research technologies that promise to accelerate medical
discoveries have been announced as the recipients of the Albany Medical
Center Prize in Biomedicine and Biomedical Research for 2015. They are:
Karl Deisseroth, M.D., Ph.D., D.H. Chen Professor, Professor of
Bioengineering, Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford
University, Howard Hughes Medical Investigator
Xiaoliang Sunney Xie, Ph.D., Mallinckrodt Professor of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology at Harvard University, Director of BIOPIC at Peking
University
The $500,000 award has been given annually since 2001 to those who have
altered the course of medical research and is one of the largest prizes in
medicine and science in the United States. It will be formally awarded on
Friday, May 15 during a celebration in Albany, N.Y.
“These two prolific scientists saw a need for new technology to help move
their research forward and then actually developed it. Researchers worldwide
are now using their techniques, including novel imaging and sequencing,
which are fast providing insights into previously mysterious biological
functions, especially those in the brain,” said Vincent Verdile, M.D., the
Lynne and Mark Groban, M.D. ’67, Distinguished Dean of Albany Medical
College and chair of the Albany Prize National Selection Committee.
Among his many accomplishments, Dr. Deisseroth, of Stanford, pioneered the
groundbreaking technology known as optogenetics in an attempt to better
understand the mysteries of psychiatric illness and of the brain itself.
This technology inserts genetically altered microbial proteins called opsins
into mammalian brain cells, where pulses of light can control, turn on or
off, specific kinds of neurons, even deep within the brain. By doing so,
scientists can better determine which nerve-cell circuits are playing a role
in specific behaviors. It is revolutionizing brain research, providing
insight into the “circuitry” underlying not only psychiatric diseases such
as depression and bipolar disorder, but also other conditions such as
Parkinson’s disease, addiction, OCD and chronic pain as well as normal
processes like memory, metabolism, hunger, sleep, fear and learning.
“Developing and employing novel molecular tools, Dr. Deisseroth has
brilliantly demonstrated a new way of understanding how the brain functions
and provided neuroscientists, along with other medical researchers, new
tools for exploring function and connectivity at the cellular level,
ultimately shedding light on disease development and treatment,” said
Thomas R. Insel, M.D., director of the National Institute of Mental Health.
In a further attempt to understand how the brain works, in 2013, Dr.
Deisseroth introduced another groundbreaking technology called CLARITY for
chemically transforming biological tissue into a fundamentally new state. As
a result of creating this new state, all the molecules that are not of
interest or that impair visualization deep into the structure can be
dissolved away and removed, resulting in an organ that is transparent to
light and allows laboratory scientists to see what kinds of cells and
connections are present deep inside the brain, without slicing or
disassembling it.
Many papers since have been published describing CLARITY-based strategies
for performing ultra-high-resolution microscopy on this transformed
biological tissue, as well as describing applications of CLARITY to human
and animal brains, to organs beyond the brain, and even to whole animals.
A native of Boston, Dr. Deisseroth is a 1992 graduate of Harvard University.
He earned an M.D. at Stanford University Medical School, where he also
completed a psychiatric residency and postdoctoral fellowship. He earned his
Ph.D. in neuroscience at Stanford. In addition to his laboratory work, Dr.
Deisseroth sees patients as an attending physician in psychiatry at Stanford
University Medical Center. In addition to his appointment at Stanford, he
is currently an investigator with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and a member of the
National Institutes of Health’s BRAIN Initiative Working Group, an
expansive project to understand more about brain function, which the NIH
calls “one of the greatest mysteries in science and one of the greatest
challenges in medicine.”
Dr. Deisseroth has received numerous awards for optogenetics, including the
Dickson Prize in Science, the Richard Lounsbery Prize from the National
Academy of Sciences, the European BRAIN Prize, the Nakasone Prize from the
Human Frontier Science Program, the Keio Medical Science Prize, the Zuelch
Prize from the Max-Planck Society, and most recently the Lurie Prize from
the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health.
Dr. Xie, of Harvard, also used light-induced signals, in this case
fluorescence, to probe previously invisible single molecules in living cells
. The groundbreaking experiments, one described in 1998 in Science that
allowed researchers to monitor enzymatic reactions of a single enzyme
molecule in real time, and another reported in 2006 in Science and Nature
that made it possible to watch, for the first time, the process of gene
expression in a live cell one molecule at a time, allowed gene regulation to
be investigated at an unprecedented level.
With these and more pioneering studies, Dr. Xie has played a leading role in
the advancement of the field of single-cell biology, which has yielded new
knowledge about how individual molecules and their behavior can affect
cellular life and even human diseases.
In a recent advancement, Dr. Xie and his team made significant contributions
to single-cell genomics by developing an accurate single-cell whole genome
amplification method (MALBAC) that allows pinpointing where genomic changes
occur in a single cancer cell. The MALBAC technique enables reporting of
nearly the entire genomic sequence of a single cell, and has already been
utilized to select healthy embryos in in vitro fertilization (IVF).
Dr. Xie also pioneered coherent Raman scattering microscopy. Among other
uses, this technique may soon be employed during surgery to distinguish
whether a particular brain region has cancer that cannot be seen using more
traditional imaging techniques.
Dr. Xie was born in Beijing, China, and received his B.S. in chemistry in
1984 from Peking University. He earned his Ph.D. in chemistry at the
University of California San Diego, followed by postdoctoral work at the
University of Chicago.
In 1992, Dr. Xie joined Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, where he
later became a chief scientist. In 1999, he became a tenured full professor
at Harvard, where he is now the Mallinckrodt Professor of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology. He is also the Cheung Kong Visiting Professor and director
at Peking University Biodynamics Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), a
technology-driven biomedical research center.
His honors include the Peter Debye Award and the Harrison Howe Award of
American Chemical Society, Biophysical Society Founders Award, E.O. Lawrence
Award in Chemistry, Leibinger Innovation Prize, the NIH Director's Pioneer
Award, and the Sackler Prize for Physical Sciences. Dr. Xie is a fellow of
the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and a member of the National
Academy of Sciences.
***
The Albany Medical Center Prize was established in 2000 by the late Morris
“Marty” Silverman, a New York City businessman and philanthropist who grew
up in Troy, N.Y., to honor scientists whose work has demonstrated
significant outcomes that offer medical value of national or international
importance. A $50 million gift commitment from the Marty and Dorothy
Silverman Foundation provides for the prize to be awarded annually for 100
years.
In total, 23 world-renowned investigators have been recipients of this
prestigious award. Three previous Nobel Prize winners have been among the
ranks of researchers honored, and five Albany Prize recipients have gone on
to win the Nobel Prize, including Shinya Yamanaka, M.D., Ph.D., a leading
stem cell scientist; Elizabeth Blackburn, Ph.D., who discovered the
molecular nature of telomeres; Bruce Beutler, M.D., and the late Ralph
Steinman, M.D., for their discoveries regarding the detailed workings of the
immune system; and Robert Lefkowitz, M.D., for his work on cell receptors.
For biographies and downloadable photos of Drs. Deisseroth and Xie, and more
information on the Albany Medical Center Prize in Medicine and Biomedical
Research, visit: www.amc.edu/Academic/AlbanyPrize..amc.edu/Academic/
AlbanyPrize | c**********n
发帖数: 177 | | A******y
发帖数: 2041 | 3 Sorry, there are a lot of people with Lasker awards are waiting in line. As
for the Chemistry Nobel, the best predictor is actually the Wolf prize if
you want to find a named prize as indicator.
But congratz on the prize. | s******e
发帖数: 163 | 4 他去年五四的时候在习大大面前保证1年之内要全职回国，转眼间1年快要到了啊。我们
都拭目以待。 | i****g
发帖数: 3896 | 5 没有说一年吧 只是许诺会全职回国
【在 s******e 的大作中提到】
: 他去年五四的时候在习大大面前保证1年之内要全职回国，转眼间1年快要到了啊。我们
: 都拭目以待。
| b****r
发帖数: 17995 | |
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