E*****m
发帖数: 25615 | 1 【 以下文字转载自 Belief 讨论区 】
发信人: Eloihim (真神), 信区: Belief
标 题: 神的邏輯
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Feb 23 02:17:20 2012, 美东)
基督教護教者對用邏輯來否證基督教義的論點，經常用的說法是『神是超乎邏輯之上的
』，或者『神的邏輯與人不同』，所以好像很高明的躲開了邏輯攻擊， 真的是這樣簡
單的就解決問題了嗎？ 本文就來探討一下這種說法。
如果『神是超乎邏輯之上的』，那就是說沒有任何邏輯能推演出來的命題能限制神，這
個好懂。如果是『神的邏輯與人不同』，那麼我們要問護教者，你懂神的邏輯嗎？ 懂
得話你說說。 當然，這時候護教者都會説如果人能懂神的邏輯，那也就只是人的邏輯
而以，所以護教者也是不懂神的邏輯的，這樣的話，我們還是可以得到同樣的結論，就
是人的邏輯命題不可能限制神能做什麼，不能做什麼。我想，到這裡大家都還是同意的。
但是即使你沒有上過一天邏輯課， 即使你連三段論都沒聽過，只要你的心智正常，你
對這世界的理解都是用人的邏輯來理解的，日常語言中，凡是可以有真假值的語句，還
是有邏輯架構的，連聖經都不... 阅读全帖 |
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J*****3
发帖数: 4298 | 2 I heard many great things about this book and i am rather disappointed, i
thought i missed it so I read this book through 3 times and every time i
read it it made less and less sense.
The character development was shotty, unrelatable and unbelievable, the plot
kept changing along with character perspectives the actually story never
really getting anywhere, it was written as if it was a bunch of stories that
someone decided to string together with random sentences and pieces of
other stories. Som... 阅读全帖 |
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G*******s
发帖数: 4956 | 3 首先给大家看个故事，然后再探讨经文：
林慈信牧师的《基督教教义发展史》中提到这个：
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_622134fd01013i7l.html
基督论的发展史(1)：基督论的争辩
HISTORY OF THE DOCTRINE OF CHRIST (1):
The Christological Controversies
(Louis Berkhof, A History of Christian Doctrines, pp. 101ff.)
基督论与三位一体之问题的关联
Connection of Christological and Trinitarian Problems
基督论的难题可以从一般神学（译注：神论）方面，与拯救论方面来加以
研究。早期教父对基督论拯救方面的关系，虽未曾加以轻忽，但他们在重要的讨论上却
没有重视。在三位一体争论的气氛中，他们从一般神学（译注：神论）方面来研究基督
，乃天经地义的事，而三位一体争论所导致的决定则是，基督为神的儿子，事与父同质
的，因此祂是神。从此而发生的问题，就是基督... 阅读全帖 |
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E*****m
发帖数: 25615 | 4 http://www.control-z.com/czp/pgs/why_no_longer.html#reason02
The words used to define Christian Doctrine are representative of things
whose existence cannot be 'proved' outside of language
Instead of saying God, Heaven, and Hell, you could just as easily say Glavin
, Homatron, and Jyklumoo. Like God, Heaven, and Hell, the only way you can
know anything about Glavin, Homatron, and Jyklumoo is through word
association. But this isn't exactly true either. In all actuality, you don't
know anything a... 阅读全帖 |
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m****a
发帖数: 9485 | 5 Our Father’s Plan of Happiness
First, let’s be absolutely clear on what God wants for each of us. He wants
us to have all of the blessings of eternal life. He wants us to become like
Him. To help us do that, He has given us a plan. This plan is based on
eternal truths and is not altered according to the social trends of the day.
At the heart of this plan is the begetting of children, one of the crucial
reasons Adam and Eve left the Garden of Eden (see 2 Nephi 2:19–25; Moses 5:
10–12). They were ... 阅读全帖 |
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h*****b
发帖数: 517 | 6 对存在的理解显然没有那么简单，例如：
Schopenhauer claimed that “everything that exists for knowledge, and hence
the whole of this world, is only object in relation to the subject,
perception of the perceiver, in a word, representation.” According to him
there can be "No object without subject" because "everything objective is
already conditioned as such in manifold ways by the knowing subject with the
forms of its knowing, and presupposes these forms…
In mathematical logic, there are two quantifiers, "some" and "... 阅读全帖 |
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h*****b
发帖数: 517 | 7 对存在的理解显然没有那么简单，例如：
Schopenhauer claimed that “everything that exists for knowledge, and hence
the whole of this world, is only object in relation to the subject,
perception of the perceiver, in a word, representation.” According to him
there can be "No object without subject" because "everything objective is
already conditioned as such in manifold ways by the knowing subject with the
forms of its knowing, and presupposes these forms…
In mathematical logic, there are two quantifiers, "some" and "... 阅读全帖 |
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x***m
发帖数: 298 | 8 我觉得你对科学哲学的理解非常片面。定义、分类、类比推理这些都不是科学、逻辑的
必要条件。下定义，分类，或许对人文学科比较重要吧？
科学认知的核心是可验、可观测、可重复，科学认知的建立并不需要有清晰的分类这个
前提，比如完全可以建立在fuzzy sets基础上，一个模糊的set。（"An extension of
logic which attempts to deal with imprecise information such as information
conveyed through vague predicates or information associated with so-called
fuzzy sets, sets in which membership is a matter of degree. ）
逻辑推导也和分类没有必然联系，只关心conclusion能不能从premises中得到。比如判
断ad hominem这样一个逻辑谬误，就不需要任何分类——从一个命题变成了人身攻击，
就是逻辑谬误，这不需要你对原命题下定义或进行任何分类。 |
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S**U
发帖数: 7025 | 9 I see.
I don't see any reason why science must predicate on materialism. Such
limitation is artificially imposed. Buddhism is fully compatible with
science, AFAIK. |
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i*********y
发帖数: 1674 | 10 现在正被SEC调查中，美政府，真是成疯狗了，见谁咬谁
SEC examining Warren Buffett's Burlington deal disclosure
For Mr Buffett's $26.3bn (17.6bn) landmark takeover of Burlington Northern
Santa Fe is now the subject of an early-stage examination by the
Securities
& Exchange Commission (SEC).
The US regulator is understood to be looking into whether Mr Buffett and
his
Berkshire Hathaway conglomerate told certain shareholders in Burlington
Northern about his plans to make a takeover offer. The Burlington deal was
predicated |
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i*********y
发帖数: 1674 | 11 现在正被SEC调查中，美政府，真是成疯狗了，见谁咬谁
SEC examining Warren Buffett's Burlington deal disclosure
For Mr Buffett's $26.3bn (17.6bn) landmark takeover of Burlington Northern
Santa Fe is now the subject of an early-stage examination by the
Securities
& Exchange Commission (SEC).
The US regulator is understood to be looking into whether Mr Buffett and
his
Berkshire Hathaway conglomerate told certain shareholders in Burlington
Northern about his plans to make a takeover offer. The Burlington deal was
predicated |
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b**y
发帖数: 121 | 12 Thanks. Here is what I have found after several days search.....
I do mean speculation which is not predication. One example is IA-64's
ld.s/chk.s instruction. With such instructions, software can do speculative
load using ld.s and perform computation on the loaded value. Software uses
chk.s to check if there is exception due to ld.s. If the load cause
exceptions, they are deferred until chk.s checks them and jumps to proper
recovery code (which is part of the software instead of OS). Other mach |
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j***n
发帖数: 301 | 13 In mathematics, one sometimes lives under the illusion that there is just on
e
logic that formalizes the correct principles of mathematical reasoning, the
socalled
predicate calculus or classical rst-order logic. By contrast, in philosophy
and computer science, one nds the opposite: there is a vast array of logics
for reasoning in a variety of domains. We mention intuitionistic logic, sort
ed
logic, modal logic, description logic, temporal logic, belief logic, dynamic
logic,
Hoare logic, specica |
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t**k
发帖数: 260 | 14 I guess one reason is that, in CS you have to worry about computational
complexity. Although first-order predicate logic subsumes some of the logics
you mentioned, it's semi-decidable. To be practical, we need those less
expressive but more efficient logics, e.g., modal logic and description
logic.
For non-monotonic logic, it was proposed because in AI systems we may often
have to change our previous belief. In mathematics, you don't need to do
this. |
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f*********g
发帖数: 632 | 15 Princeton, 20 March 1956
Dear Mr. von Neumann:
GÄodel Book|Wigderson - rev. 2010-0708 5
With the greatest sorrow I have learned of your illness.
The news came to me as quite unexpected. Morgenstern
already last summer told me of a bout of weakness you once
had, but at that time he thought that this was not of any
greater significance. As I hear, in the last months you
have undergone a radical treatment and I am happy that this
treatment was successful as desired, and that you are now
doing ... 阅读全帖 |
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w****2
发帖数: 12072 | 16 Stevey's Google Platforms Rant
I was at Amazon for about six and a half years, and now I've been at Google
for that long. One thing that struck me immediately about the two companies
-- an impression that has been reinforced almost daily -- is that Amazon
does everything wrong, and Google does everything right. Sure, it's a
sweeping generalization, but a surprisingly accurate one. It's pretty crazy.
There are probably a hundred or even two hundred different ways you can
compare the two companies... 阅读全帖 |
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c*****t
发帖数: 1879 | 17 The way database resolves query starts from actual data,
and then apply filters, does joins etc. Not the other way
around. This is how fundamentally databases work.
In this case, 1st query is resolved by applying predicates
on table B and table C (i.e. B.ITEM_B = 123). From here,
generates the necessary B.ID, and C.ID which can then be
compared with A.ID. If B.ITEM_B = 123 generates NULL set,
there won't even be a join operation.
Also, prior join / set operations, usually there are internal |
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p*********a
发帖数: 61 | 18 My application has a form to collect users' inputs, which are passed to a
parameterized SQL query over a table. When a user skips some boxes in the
form, the query should have no predicates on the corresponding attributes.
An extreme case is if the user inputs nothing, the query should return the
entire table.
My question is if the parameterized query is prefixed, what values are
supposed to be used for the parameters whose boxes are empty?
I understand that there are some solutions to work arou... 阅读全帖 |
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y****w
发帖数: 3747 | 19 基本的index有没有，干嘛在predicate上用函数，直接用很麻烦么。
类似的问题：为啥oracle这么差？为啥db2跑不快？为啥sql server这么笨？再说大周末的， |
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c*****t
发帖数: 1879 | 20
cost
如果你的 database 是 multi-node，或者有上亿条 ，bitmap 本身的 cost 就非常
高。
如果你所说的 RDBMS 无法正确选择 index ，可以考虑改变 predicate 的次序。
比如你原来是 A and B，改成 B and A 。 |
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u**d
发帖数: 211 | 21 在你这个案例里，关键在于你的 query 包含了 SELECT *
根据语义 * 就要把每个 record 里所有字段都返回。就意味着任何 plan 最终都要访
问 base table。所以 optimizer 会选择，在查询第一个 index 之后，直接访问 base
table，再对剩下的 predicates 做过滤。
要想达到你想象的效果，首先 base table 要有 primary key (类似 Lucene 里 Doc
ID 的概念)。其次，SELECT 语句只选择 primary key。这样 optimizer 只会访问
indexes，因为 indexes 包含了处理改查询的所有信息，而不会再访问 base table 了
。在对所有 indexes 做 intersect 的时候，有些系统未必会一定选择 merge join，
也可能选择 hash join。这也说的通，因为 hash join 有很多特殊的优化，比 merge
join 好，即使看起来还要建 hash table 似乎多余。如果你坚信 merge join 一定会
更好，那就用 hint ... 阅读全帖 |
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c*****d
发帖数: 6045 | 22 虽然我教比软软的数据库nb很多
但是也不能这么瞎黑软软
这个query根本没法加hint
你说在oracle里怎么加hint能跳过predicate直接先对全表处理
类似select 2*id from table where id=1
把全部的id都double一遍之后再看谁符合条件 |
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c*****d
发帖数: 6045 | 23 虽然我教比软软的数据库nb很多
但是也不能这么瞎黑软软
这个query根本没法加hint
你说在oracle里怎么加hint能跳过predicate直接先对全表处理
类似select 2*id from table where id=1
把全部的id都double一遍之后再看谁符合条件 |
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g*****g
发帖数: 34805 | 24 You are talking nonsense again. Sure I am not an expert of .Net. I never
claim I am. But without proper support, SL is dead. API evolves, SL support
doesn't. In no time it's like running DOS program in Windows. It may work to
some degree, but nobody really cares. And M$ doesn't recommend doing that
either.
http://www.zdnet.com/blog/microsoft/windows-phone-8-whats-micro
"Here's what I've heard about XNA. As Windows 8 developers know, Microsoft
has decided not to include XNA support for WinRT/Metr... 阅读全帖 |
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g*****g
发帖数: 34805 | 25 History repeats itself. This is exactly what I predicated a few years ago.
“
After all it's not the first time that Microsoft has dumped developers to
bring in something that might or might not be better - see Visual Basic 6
for example. Microsoft tends not to come out in the open and say that a
technology is dead instead it tends to simply ignore it and allow it to
wither.” |
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a**********k
发帖数: 1953 | 27 All companies are working hard to provide that now.
For instances, JNPR's QFabric, BRCD/FDRY's VCS, CSCO's
nexus based solution etc. Any predication who will be
the winner in the Data center front? |
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m**t
发帖数: 1292 | 28 wow, i predicated the IP address will become commodity in trade market! |
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s******e
发帖数: 493 | 29
Stacking too many views masks performance issue.
Firstly, you might return many unneccesary columns via a complex stacked
views, but actually you only want to return several columns, which can be
done easily using a simpler query against tables.
Secondly, stack more views on top of more views may break down predicate
pushing.
thirdly, stack too many views may cause optimizer not to generate the
optimized excution plan. (subqueries may not be merged efficently)
The gain of using normal view to c |
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s******e
发帖数: 493 | 30
Are we still talking about "the pros and cons about stacking views on top of
each other" or you want to talk sth more general about views?
Didn't get it.
At least you do not break down predicate pushing due to stacking too many
views.
Besides complex sql doesn't necessarilly confuse db optimizer. But if you
stack views, which is just like issuing the query "select * from (selecct *
from (select * from...))... especailly the table appears more than once and
tangles with others with complext sqls |
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F****n
发帖数: 3271 | 31 What's the difference between the so called template db and predicate logic
or other knowledge representation systems? |
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c*****t
发帖数: 1879 | 32 I think that you misunderstood.
Predicate logic is merely the fundamental of the query mechanism.
It has nothing to do with physical representation.
However, in practice, triples are used to store the knowledges, as in
prolog, decl, RDF etc. Triples, in a way, are EAV models (entity,
attribute, values). Sometimes it may be represented as
target>, or action.
If you consider entities as tuples in the database, and consider all
attributes as columns for the tuples |
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L*********r
发帖数: 92 | 33 define a class and the predicate |
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L*********r
发帖数: 92 | 34 in c++, define a class, the predicate then using sort in stl.
in java, define a class implements the interface icomparable then using the
sort in collection class. |
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x******c
发帖数: 13 | 35 these really depends on the CPU it runs on...
anyway, for 1, it probably makes no difference
for 2, I think it makes a difference on performance critical code. branch
mis-predication usually has a pretty high cost |
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m*****r
发帖数: 130 | 36 默认的是value_type的==，那个好像是两个<拼出来的，你也可以指定一个predicate |
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e****d
发帖数: 333 | 37 太有道理了。
remove_if_copy 吧？predicate 就是空格？
我看了一下string的头文件，没看见这句有名的：
typedef basic_string string;
怎么STL里我没有找到string的定义呢？
哪位给说说。 |
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c*********e
发帖数: 16335 | 38 objective-c学起来不容易。第一个台阶可能就是delegate了。第二个，可能是core
data.然后就是怎么用core data,web services,predicate.
到这，也就只会objective-c的皮毛。要用它编出angry birds,还要学openGL,2d,3d的
知识。这就更难了。
尸，
好。 |
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c*********e
发帖数: 16335 | 39 objective-c学起来不容易。第一个台阶可能就是delegate了。第二个，可能是core
data.然后就是怎么用core data,web services,predicate.
到这，也就只会objective-c的皮毛。要用它编出angry birds,还要学openGL,2d,3d的
知识。这就更难了。
尸，
好。 |
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s*****n
发帖数: 5488 | 40 你用php给我算一个地图上的 location clustering来。不知道是什么去redfin看看大
绿圈。
或者用php给我做个heatmap.或者run一个real time traffic predication and route
selection来。
这都是web service,你说说那个web server支持。那个php怎么做。 |
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e*******o
发帖数: 4654 | 41 (? expr pat ...) — applies expr to the value to be matched, and checks
whether the result is a true value; the additional pats must also match; i.e
., ? combines a predicate application and an and pattern. However, ?, unlike
and, guarantees that expr is matched before any of the pats. |
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k**********g
发帖数: 989 | 42
Don't pass in a Java callback or predicate.
Instead, write the function in functional style - construct an expression
tree using Java objects. Then the Java - C layer can parse and convert this
expression tree into native C function structure. It won't be a single
function, but at least it can be executed in pure C code. |
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k**********g
发帖数: 989 | 43
他的
别忘了query。一般search用的是什麽条件？(exact match, range, predicate)每次返
回多少笔数据？(as a percentage of whole table size). These will affect your
choice of data structure.
Most of the time, the row storage is handled separately from the "indexes",
i.e. additional data structures which accelerate these query operations.
Row operation is usually cheap in memory.
It is the trade-off between the maintenance overhead of these indexes, and
the gain from query acceleration, that determines the best data structure
f... 阅读全帖 |
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h****1
发帖数: 9 | 44 居然会有人把scala说成糙快猛．真心是在用scala么？
scala = oop + fp. 最后都是编译成java bytecode 的
如果scala糙快猛 那java(尤其java8)也同样糙快猛
讨论oop 和 fp 哪个更好没有任何意义 人家scala就是把两者都结合了 你可以封装
在o级别也可以封装在f级别 取决与你的不确定性是＂什么东西＂还是＂什么行为＂
这两个层面的封装即使oop的programmer也每天碰到. Google 的Predicate, 甚至java
core 里面自带的 ActionListener, Runnable, Callable 都带有浓重的functional的
味道
说白了scala就是把你封装的function 再套一层class/interface的壳子扔给jvm |
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a*****g
发帖数: 19398 | 45 By Roland Moore-Colyer
Mon Nov 16 2015, 07:20
http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/feature/2434242/facebook-s-
FACEBOOK IS A COMPANY known primarily for its social feed of emotional
statuses, endless emojis, pictures of 'hols with the ladz', and, of course,
a big blue thumbs-up.
Normally associated with tech giants like IBM, Google and Apple, or some
disruptive Tech City startup, artificial intelligence (AI) is not the first
thing to spring to mind when pondering Zuckerberg's 1.5 billion-strong
s... 阅读全帖 |
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n********k
发帖数: 2818 | 46 everything is possible...if you ask JM, he would be saying RNA is the rule
everywhere...In theory, RNA can be a tethering structure providing nice
binding specificity while RNP be the functional players...kind of like
module(a minimum functional unit). I look at si, miRNA or whatever this same
way. With that, one would predicate that si, miRNA etc etc could
potentially have either up/or down regulation function of gene expression,
pretty much dependent on the functional players they bind/recruit... 阅读全帖 |
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