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略说法身、报身、化身佛
A Brief Introduction to Dharma-body Buddha, Enjoyment-bodyBuddha and
Transformation-body Buddha
我们“皈依三宝”，首先就是皈依佛宝。什么是佛呢？断证圆满就是佛。佛有法身佛和
色身佛，色身佛又有报身佛和化身佛。法身佛是本体上的佛，色身佛是显现上的佛。
To “take refuge in the Three Jewels”, first of all，it is to take refuge
in the Buddha. What is Buddha then? It is the completeness of cutting off
ignorance and attaining enlightenment. There are dharma-body Buddha (
dharmakaya) and form-body Buddha(rupakaya), and form-body Buddha includes
enjoyment-body Buddha (sambhogakaya)and transformation-body Buddha (
nirmanakaya). Dharma-body Buddha is the Buddha in essence, while form-body
Buddha is the Buddha in manifestation.
法身佛是诸法的本性，是一切众生本来具有的觉性，只是有的显现了，有的没显现。他
是自然任运地圆满断证功德。
Dharma-body Buddha is the nature of all phenomena, as well as the innate
awareness of all beings, but for some beings it has manifested while for
others it has not. It has innately completed the merits of cutting off
ignorance and attaining enlightenment as it is.
色身佛是从法身中，依众生的福德力而显现的。所化众生有清净和不清净两种，清净的
众生面前显现的是报身佛，不清净的众生面前显现的是化身佛。八地以上的菩萨，尤其
是十地菩萨面前显现的是报身佛，就是五部佛。五部佛的坛城是尽虚空、遍法界的，但
是只有八地以上的菩萨才能见到。十地菩萨能亲眼所见，九地菩萨能见到相似的，八地
菩萨只能见到接近的。
The form-body Buddha comes from the dharma-body, and manifests depending on
the power of the good karma of the beings. There are two types of beings the
Buddha favors: pure and impure. The manifestation in front of the pure
beings is the enjoyment-body Buddha, while in front of the impure beings it
is the transformation-body Buddha. In front of the Bodhisattvas above the
eighth ground, especially the Bodhisattvas of the tenth ground, the
manifestation is the enjoyment-body Buddha, also known as the five Buddha
families. The Mandala of the five Buddha families is throughout all of space
and pervades the Dharmadhatu, but only the Bodhisattvas above the eighth
ground can see it. The Bodhisattvas of the tenth ground can see it with
their eyes, the ninth can see the similar one, and the eighth can only see
the less-similar one.
化身佛是八地以下的菩萨以及我们这些凡夫所见的。也可以说是依我们的福德力所显现
的，有殊胜化身佛、投生化身佛、工巧化身佛和种种化身佛四种。
The transformation-body Buddhas are what the Bodhisattvas below the eighth
ground and we ordinaries can see. Or we can say that they are manifested
depending on our good karmic power. There are four types, including supreme
transformation-body Buddha, reborn transformation-bodyBuddha, Bzo-rig-pa（
Silpakarmasthana-vidya）transformation-body Buddha and various
transformation-body Buddha.
殊胜化身佛：如释迦牟尼佛，在印度菩提树下示现成佛，依次转了三次法轮，以他的教
法度化了无数众生。如释迦牟尼佛一样的这些化身佛都是殊胜化身佛。
Supreme transformation-body Buddha, such as Buddha Sakyamuni, who manifested
as the Buddha under the Bodhi tree in India, turned the dharma wheels for
three times, and favored measureless beings through his teachings. The
transformation-body Buddhas, similar as Buddha Sakyamuni, are the supreme
transformation-body Buddhas.
投生化身佛：《涅槃经》中说：“阿难莫哀伤，阿难莫哭泣，末时五百世，我现善知识
，饶益汝等众。”佛所化现的这些具德的上师善知识都是投生化身佛，以补特伽罗的形
象度化众生。
About Reborn transformation-body Buddha: in “Nirvana Sutra” it reads: “O
Ananda, do not mourn. O Ananda, do not cry. During the final five-hundred-
year period, I shall come as virtuous teachers, to serve you and others.”
The Gurus and virtuous teachers with good qualities manifested by the Buddha
are all the reborn transformation-body Buddhas, who favor the beings with
the image of pudgala4
工巧化身佛：指从事铸像、画像、雕像等增上善法的能工巧匠；或所雕铸、绘画的，能
代表佛身口意的这些佛像、佛经、佛塔等。佛在世的时候亲口讲过：佛像代表佛的身，
恭敬佛像相当于恭敬佛的身；佛经代表佛的语，恭敬佛经相当于恭敬佛的语；佛塔、铃
杵代表佛的意，恭敬佛塔、铃杵相当于恭敬佛的意。所以我们平常用的铃杵都不能随便
放，随便扔，要时时恭敬。
Bzo-rig-pa transformation-body Buddha refers to the craftsmen engaged in the
contributory goodness such as statue casting, image painting or sculpturing;
or the sculptured, cast or painted Buddha statues, Buddhist sutras and
pagodas representing the Buddha’s body, speech and mind. The Buddha has
said when he was living: “the Buddha statue represents Buddha’s body, and
respecting the Buddha statue is equivalent to respecting the Buddha’s body;
the Buddhist sutra represents Buddha’s speech, and respecting the Buddhist
sutra is equivalent to respecting the Buddha’s speech; the pagoda, the
Vajra and bell represent Buddha’s mind, respecting the pagoda, Vajra and
bell is equivalent to respecting the Buddha’s mind. Therefore we should not
casually throw or put the Vajra and bell we usually use everywhere, but with
respect all the time.
种种化身佛：对我们有帮助、有利益的一切显现都是种种化身佛，他是各种各样的，没
有固定的模式与标准，都是从本体法身佛中显现出来的，都是法身佛的幻化和游舞，所
以我们要处处感恩佛陀。在顺境中积福，在逆境中消业，消业也是积福。有人打你、骂
你、伤害你，这是帮你消业；有人抢你东西、欺骗你，这是替你还债。所有这些顺境、
逆境等一切显现都是种种化身佛，都在帮助你、利益你。
Various transformation-body Buddhas are all manifestations helping or
benefiting us, who have various forms, without a fixed mode or standard. All
of them are the manifestation of the innate Dharma-body Buddha, and are the
illusions and dances of the Dharma-body Buddha. Therefore we should
appreciate the Buddha’s bounty everywhere. Accumulate merits in favorable
conditions while eliminate obscurations in unfavorable conditions, then the
elimination of obscurations is also the accumulation of merits. If somebody
beats you, scolds you or hurts you, he is helping you to eliminate your
obscuration; if somebody robs you or cheats you, he is helping you to repay
your debts. All the manifestations such as those favorable or unfavorable
conditions are the various transformation-body Buddhas, all helping and
benefiting you.
无论是顺境还是逆境，若是你能提起正念，将一切转为道用，那一切显现都是法身佛的
幻化；若是不能转为道用，心里生起了烦恼，生起了分别念，那就都是魔的幻化。显现
的一切，是佛的化身还是魔的化身，主要看你的心。
Whether in favorable or unfavorable conditions, as long as you can arouse
the right view and turn all into the path, then all the manifestations are
the appearances of the Dharma-body Buddha; if you cannot turn them into path
but arouse afflictions and conceptual thoughts, then everything is the
appearance of the Mara. Whether it is the manifestation of the Buddha or the
Mara all depends on your mind.
佛与魔就在一念之间。念没有转过来就是魔，念转过来了就是佛。若是有正知正见，都
是佛，是殊胜化身佛、投生化身佛、工巧化身佛和种种化身佛。一切都是清净的、圆满
的，不清净、不圆满的是自己的心。所以，若是你觉得有什么不对、不好的地方，都是
自己的问题，不要找其他的原因和理由，不要埋怨别人。你若是有智慧，哪一个不是成
就你的助缘？哪一个不是在帮你消除业障、积累资粮呢？
Buddha or Mara changes in one thought. It is the Mara when the mind has not
converted, but the Buddha after the mind has converted. With correct
awareness and right view, everything is Buddha, the supreme transformation-
body Buddha, the reborn transformation-body Buddha, the Bzo-rig-pa
transformation-body Buddha and the various transformation-body Buddha.
Everything is pure and perfect, and the thing impure and imperfect is your
mind. Therefore, if you feel something incorrect or somewhere not good, that
is your own problem, don’t look for other reasons or excuses, and don’
t complain about others. If you have wisdom, which one is not the aiding
condition for your achievement? Which one is not helping you eliminate
obscurations and accumulate merits?
4 pudgala:sentient beings who keep reincarnating in the six realms of
samsara. |
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