A****2
发帖数: 131 | 1 大家怎么看？ 这种mass shooting还是挺让人担心的，最近Trump的采访里提到这个问
题总是说这个无法避免，总有精神有问题的人在，但是美国发生这个的概率确实太高了些
http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/u-s-done-almost-nothing-stop-mas
JUDY WOODRUFF: The shooting in Oregon has again provoked many discussions
about what can be done to prevent future tragedies.
Since the shootings in Newtown, Connecticut, in December 2012, there have
been more than 985 mass shootings, where four or more people are injured or
killed. This year alone, the crowdsourced Mass Shooting Tracker reports that
there have been more than 295 shootings. You can see where these have
happened on a map on our Web site.
For all of the discussions, little has changed.
And, tonight, we explore this with Todd Clear. He’s a professor and former
Dean at Rutgers University School of Criminal Justice. He has written widely
on gun violence. And Jeffrey Swanson, he’s a professor of psychology and
behavioral science at Duke University.
And we welcome you both to the program.
Professor Swanson, I’m going to start with you.
You told us today that it may be the case these mass shootings are growing
more common, but you said that doesn’t mean that they are easier to predict
. What did you mean by that?
JEFFREY SWANSON, Duke University: Well, here we are again, Judy, talking
about a horrifying mass casualty shooting, and it’s just appalling.
We’re asking ourselves the same question. Is this about mental illness? And
let me just be clear. You don’t have to be a psychiatry professor to know
that this is not the act of a healthy minded person. It is the act of a
deeply disturbed person. It’s appalling.
But, on the other hand, it’s also an atypical act. It’s atypical of people
with mental illnesses, the vast majority of whom are not violent and never
will be, and it’s atypical of perpetrators of gun crimes, most of whom do
not have mental illness. These are acts that are caused by many factors
acting together. They are difficult to predict and therefore difficult to
prevent.
JUDY WOODRUFF: Professor Todd Clear, every time we have one of these mass
shootings, there are calls to do something about the availability to guns —
of guns to people who have mental problems. Has it become harder in any
part of the country for people with emotional problems, mental problems to
get hold of a gun?
TODD CLEAR, Rutgers School of Criminal Justice: Well, there have been
attempts to put new legislation in place in various locations, but the
politics of this is very difficult because it’s hard — while most
Americans and many people would think, sensibly, that having some kind of
screening for gun availability is valuable, it’s hard to get this —
movement on this politically because the people who are opposed to gun
regulation, to any gun regulation, are so strong and organized, that the
political movement on questions like this are difficult.
But there is a lot of variation in drug laws locally in the states, but the
fact that states — adjacent states have different gun laws, gun regulation
laws, means that the lax states next door can produce guns that end up in
the states that have stronger regulations.
JUDY WOODRUFF: Professor Swanson, do you see any more — that it’s more
difficult anywhere in the country for someone with a mental health problem
to get access to a gun?
JEFFREY SWANSON: The problem with firearms here in this country is they’re
very prevalent and they’re highly lethal and they’re constitutionally
protected.
So it is, unfortunately, too easy, still, for people inclined to harm others
or themselves to obtain a firearm. The criteria that we have are both too
narrow and too broad at the same time. They identify lots of people who aren
’t dangerous and they fail to identified some who are.
We did a study last year showing that approximately 9 percent of adults in
this country have impulsive, angry behavior. These are the kinds of people
who smash and break things when they get angry and have access to a firearm,
and probably 1.5 percent have impulsive, angry behavior that’s
pathological and are carrying a gun around with them.
The vast majority of those individuals are never going to be involuntarily
committed, and thereby prohibited from a firearm. Often, they don’t have a
disqualifying criminal record. So, it is difficult.
And we need to think more clearly about having more accurate criteria for
preventing the purchase of a gun and also think about what to do about all
the existing guns that are out there.
JUDY WOODRUFF: We heard — Professor Clear, we heard President Obama this
afternoon at the White House refer again to the fact that the difference
between the United States and other advanced countries around the world, I
think high-income countries, where people have access to a good education,
is that there is such a wide access to guns in this country.
Is there that much difference between the U.S. and other countries on this?
TODD CLEAR: Well, yes, absolutely.
The United States has a very strongly established culture of gun
availability. And the markets that deliver the guns are more widely spread,
both the legal and the illegal markets, than in most other countries. Now,
it is true that in some — in countries that have a lot of strife going on
and war-torn countries, guns have a different pattern, but in Western
democracies, we stand out.
JUDY WOODRUFF: Professor Clear, we know polls show most Americans, on the
one hand, they say there should be stricter background checks, but on the
other hand they say they don’t think the gun laws should be stricter in
general. I mean, there is a contradiction out there. How do you understand
and read the public on this?
TODD CLEAR: Well, I think there’s a couple of things going on. I think
there is a deep distrust that’s broadly spread, particularly across people
who would be more likely to own guns, a deep distrust of government and
particularly of government intervention and government control.
And that distrust leads people to think that any regulation of guns is at
the expense of personal freedoms, and the first step is really is the first
step, and there will be many, many steps if you let something happen.
By the same token, large, large numbers of people really recognize that guns
are a risk factor, and most Americans would support what they would call
sensible gun regulation. But what sensible means tends to fall apart when
you start to look at the details.
And it is really true that we have so many handguns in America and so many
guns of other types that reasonable policies that would begin to restrict
those are very tough to imagine politically in a feasible way.
JUDY WOODRUFF: Professor Swanson, how — as somebody who looks at this all
the time and looks at the issue of violence, how should we as a country
begin to think about doing something about this intersection between access
to guns and mental illness or mental disturbance?
JEFFREY SWANSON: Well, it’s not a one-thing problem and it’s not a one-
thing solution.
We certainly need to think about getting upstream and addressing the social
determinants of violent behavior, having healthier communities with fewer
kids exposed to trauma who grow up to be perpetrators.
But we really need to do something about limiting access to such an
efficient killing technology at the time when people are at risk. There are
times we know when we know when people are at risk or at elevated risk. For
example, if they’re brought into a hospital in a short-term involuntary
hold, and don’t progress to a gun-disqualifying involuntary civil
commitment, there are ways that people could be prohibited temporarily from
firearms.
And also there are some innovative legal approaches in a couple of states
like Connecticut, and Indiana and in California that allow family members of
law enforcement to take steps to remove firearms from people that they
might be concerned about who are at risk of harming others or themselves.
And there was — the gun violence restraining order in California was passed
after the Elliot Rodger shooting. And I think all of those things together
may help us in the long run.
JUDY WOODRUFF: Professor Todd Clear, Professor Jeffrey Swanson, we thank you
both. It’s a conversation that a lot of people are having tonight all over
this country. Thank you.
JEFFREY SWANSON: Thank you. | r**********n
发帖数: 5281 | 2 把所有Gun free zone的安保级别提高到白宫的标准，问题自解。 | a**e
发帖数: 8800 | 3 根本不用。只要校园警卫有枪就能解决一大半。
【在 r**********n 的大作中提到】
: 把所有Gun free zone的安保级别提高到白宫的标准，问题自解。
| d*******p
发帖数: 2525 | 4 左逼谈gun control的时候总是自觉不自觉的忽略绝大多数mass shooting都发生在gun
free zone，并且凶手从来没有nra成员，大多数都是猪党支持者或者穆斯林或者黑人或
者三者皆备...... |
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