k****g 发帖数: 88 | 1 看到一个评论,由于少数族裔内部的阶层差异,AA极大促进了族裔内部的不平等,而且
往往不能作用于AA设计的受益对象,而是让不需要AA帮助的人得到不公平的优待。所以
,AA是一个非常差的政策。很显然,SCA5会导致同样甚至更严重的后果。
Affirmative action policies are those in which an institution or
organization actively engages in efforts to improve opportunities for
historically excluded groups in American society.
以亚裔和黑人两个人种为例: (http://racerelations.about.com/od/diversitymatters/a/DoesAffirmativeActionAddressIntraRacialDivides.htm )
1. 按人口比例而言,亚裔大学入学比例高,所以亚裔一般不受益于AA。但是实际上亚
裔里面,南亚后裔(难民及后代)一般在社会底层,相对东亚后裔(中产比例高),南
亚后裔需要AA的帮助。但是因为受到AA的反向歧视,南亚后裔需要却不能受益于AA。
2. 一代和二代黑人移民,社会地位较高,收入较好,在没有AA的条件下就可以进入大
学,但是受益于他们的肤色,得到AA的额外好处,所以得到相对更多的教育资源。美国
本土黑人,黑奴后代,也就是AA最希望帮的人群,本身社会地位低,收入差,最需要AA
帮助,但是因为资源被一二代黑人移民吸走,所以他们得不到AA的好处。“In America
's most elite colleges and universities, the blacks on campus are often
immigrants or the children of immigrants”. 。。。 “Take Harvard, for
example. In recent years, the institution has come under fire because such a
large number of black students on campus are either immigrants or
immigrants' children. It's estimated that two-thirds of students there come
from families which hail from the Caribbean or Africa, the New York Times
reported.” |
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