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QueerNews版 - By The Numbers: Marriage Equality in Washington State
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话题: marriage话题: equality话题: washington话题: referendum话题: pmw
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Just in time for Valentine's Day, Washington Governor Christine Gregoire
signed into law a marriage equality bill that was introduced in the
legislature just weeks before. Gregoire told supporters that February 13
would be "a day that historians will mark as a milestone for equal rights,"
when Washington "finally said yes to marriage equality. The sky-will-fall
rhetoric is simply not true."
But equality opponents begged to differ, and within days of the bill's
passage began to gather signatures to put the issue to the voters by way of
a November referendum. Ultimately, the anti-equality group secured more than
enough signatures to refer the issue to voters, who will see the question
on their ballots as Referendum 74. In 2009, Washington legalized an
expansive domestic partnership law heralded by many as "everything but
marriage."
The language of the referendum reads as follows: "The legislature passed
Engrossed Substitute Senate Bill 6239 concerning marriage for same-sex
couples, modified domestic-partnership law, and religious freedom, and
voters have filed a sufficient referendum petition on this bill.
"This bill would allow same-sex couples to marry, preserve domestic
partnerships only for seniors, and preserve the right of clergy or religious
organizations to refuse to perform, recognize, or accommodate any marriage
ceremony. Should this bill be: Approved or Rejected."
POLLS
Initial polling showed a strong majority in support of marriage equality,
but as the election neared — and attack ads hit the airwaves — those
results tightened. In May, an independent poll found that 54% of voters
approved of marriage equality, with just 33% opposed. While most polls
leading up to the election saw support for the freedom to marry above the 50
% margin, the most recent Elway poll, conducted from October 18 to 21, found
support for Referendum 74 at just 49%, with opposition to marriage equality
among likely voters at 45%.
MONEY
Washington United for Marriage, the coalition working to protect marriage
equality in Washington, has vastly outspent its opponents, Protect Marriage
Washington. According to an article in the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, WUM
has spent $9.5 million fighting to protect equality. WUM scored several
major financial donations, including a half-million contribution from the
Washington-based Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
The Post-Intelligencer article also noted that the antigay PMW has taken in
$2.1 million and spent just under $1.5 million, according to PMW's filings
with the state Public Disclosure Commission. Of that money, the Human Rights
Campaign reports that more than 55% came from the Catholic Church and the
Catholic-affiliated National Organization for Marriage. The Catholic Church
and its affiliate the Knights of Columbus donated a combined $260,000 to PMW
, whereas NOM donated $675,939 to anti-equality efforts in Washington,
according to HRC.
ENDORSEMENTS
President Obama endorsed Referendum 74 along with other marriage-equality-
adjacent bills, and WUM secured several major corporate endorsements. Online
travel giant Expedia came out in support of Referendum 74 in September, and
by October had released a touching ad where a real-life father flies across
the country to support his daughter in her same-sex wedding, with the
tagline "Find Your Understanding." WUM also secured endorsements from
Starbucks, Microsoft, T-Mobile, REI, Nordstrom's, Google, Nike, and more
than 500 other business, political, non-profit, labor, and faith communities.
ADVERTISEMENTS
WUM came out of the gates swinging, with an early $5 million ad-buy
reserving time on TV screens across the state to stump for marriage equality
. The coalition's numerous ads highlighted support for marriage equality in
faith communities, by parents of gay and lesbian Washingtonians, and elected
officials, including Tacoma Mayor Marilyn Strickland and GOP State Senator
Steve Litzow.
But when PMW released a version of a misleading ad — airing in all four
states considering marriage legislation — claiming that schools will be
forced to teach children about same-sex marriage if the state passes
marriage equality, the pro-equality camp hit back with an ad featuring
parents of a gay son lamenting the fact that their son wouldn't be able to
marry the person he loves.
PMW's oppositional ads generally recycled old, discredited tropes about the
dangers of "redefining marriage" and violations of "religious freedom,"
often featuring out-of-state actors who alleged their rights had been
violated when committed gay couples were allowed equality under the law. In
perhaps one of the opposition's most insidious efforts, PMW actually
purchased "likes" on Facebook from Thailand and Indonesia, artificially
boosting the group's apparent support on the social networking site.
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相关话题的讨论汇总
话题: marriage话题: equality话题: washington话题: referendum话题: pmw