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发帖数: 9770 | 1 http://www.ftchinese.com/story/001075171/ce
Mugabe resigns as president of Zimbabwe
93岁的穆加贝在强大压力之下终于提交辞呈。他统治国家37年，糟糕的经济政策最终迫
使津巴布韦放弃本币，只能依赖美元。
更新于2017年11月22日 07:11 英国《金融时报》 戴维•皮林 约瑟夫•科
特里尔 哈拉雷报道
Robert Mugabe finally bowed to pressure and stood down as president of
Zimbabwe yesterday, ending his 37-year rule that began with the optimism of
independence but took the country to the brink of economic collapse.
罗伯特•穆加贝(Robert Mugabe)昨日终于屈服于压力，卸任津巴布韦总统，结束
了他的37年统治，他主政的漫长时期最初弥漫着独立带来的乐观情绪，但最终国家陷入
经济崩溃的悬崖边缘。
His resignation came as parliament was starting impeachment proceedings
against him — six days after the military took over the country and placed
the 93-year-old head of state under house arrest.
他提交辞呈之际，议会正要启动弹劾他的程序。6天前，军方接管国家，将这位93岁的
国家元首软禁起来。
Within minutes of the announcement by the Speaker of parliament that Mr
Mugabe had finally quit, horns started blaring as Zimbabweans poured into
the streets to celebrate the fall of the man who has ruled them since
independence in 1980.
在议会议长宣布穆加贝终于卸任之后的几分钟内，汽车就纷纷按响喇叭，津巴布韦人涌
上街头，庆祝自1980年独立以来一直统治他们的那个人倒台。
“I’m so very, very happy. Farewell to the president, goodbye,” said
Godknows Mwanza, a motorist beeping his horn repeatedly and offering fist-
bumps to passers-by.
“我太高兴了，永远告别这个总统，再见了，”骑着摩托车的戈德诺斯•姆万扎(
Godknows Mwanza)说道。他一再按响摩托车上的喇叭，并且伸手要和路人碰拳头。
Machina, a 63-year-old pensioner, shouted exuberantly: “Thirty-seven years
is not a joke. This is fantastic for Zimbabwe. We could not talk freely. Now
we can.”
63岁的养老金领取者马基娜(Machina)兴高采烈地高声说道：“37年不是一个笑话。此
时此刻对津巴布韦来说太棒了。以前我们不能自由说话，现在可以了。”
Since generals rolled out the armoured vehicles last week, Mr Mugabe had
faced unrelenting pressure to resign from his own Zanu-PF party, from
influential veterans of the liberation struggle and from an emboldened
population.
自上周军队将领们出动装甲车辆以来，穆加贝一直承受着要求他引退的不懈压力，这股
压力来自他所在的非洲民族联盟-爱国阵线(Zanu-PF)，来自有影响力的“解放斗争”老
兵，也来自受到时局突变鼓舞的民众。
Although General Constantino Chiwenga, who led the military takeover, said
he had intervened to save Mr Mugabe from a “criminal” cabal, the armed
forces’ action unleashed a process that pointed inexorably to Mr Mugabe’s
departure.
虽然领导军事接管的康斯坦丁诺•奇文加(Constantino Chiwenga)将军表示，他
出手干预是为了把穆加贝从一个“罪犯”小集团解救出来，但是武装部队的行动引发了
一个无情地指向穆加贝下台的进程。
The military action was triggered when Mr Mugabe sacked his life-long
comrade, vice-president Emmerson Mnangagwa, two weeks ago. Mr Mnangagwa was
reinstated as Zanu-PF leader on Sunday.
军方动手的导火线是，两周前，穆加贝解除了他的终身战友埃默森•姆南加古瓦(
Emmerson Mnangagwa)的副总统职务。周日，非洲民族联盟-爱国阵线推选姆南加古瓦为
该党领导人。
He fled Zimbabwe after his dismissal, citing security concerns, but is now
expected to return and take over leadership of the country.
他在被穆加贝解职后以安全担忧为由逃离津巴布韦，但现在预计将回国接手领导国家的
职责。
A Zanu-PF official said Mr Mnangagwa would be coming back to the country in
the next 48 hours.
非洲民族联盟-爱国阵线官员们表示，姆南加古瓦将在48小时内回国。
Nicknamed the “Crocodile”, the former security chief is as feared as Mr
Mugabe, and was accused of being instrumental in crushing dissent in the
1980s, an operation that led to the death of at least 10,000 civilians. Mr
Mnangagwa has denied the allegations.
这位绰号“鳄鱼”的前安全部门主管像穆加贝一样令人惧怕，他被指控在20世纪80年代
策划压制异见的行动，导致至少1万平民死亡。姆南加古瓦否认这些指控。
“It would be unfortunate if Mnangagwa were to extend the same governance
culture that Mugabe pursued over the past 37 years,” said Morgan Tsvangirai
, a former prime minister and the country’s main opposition leader. “But
it’s possible. Birds of the same feather flock together.”
“如果姆南加古瓦延续穆加贝在过去37年奉行的那种治理文化，那将是不幸的，”前总
理、该国主要反对党领袖摩根•茨万吉拉伊(Morgan Tsvangirai)表示。“但这是
可能的。人以类聚。”
Mr Mnangagwa, he said, could choose to be Deng Xiaoping to Mr Mugabe’s Mao
Zedong, referring to the transition between the late Chinese leaders, by “
setting the country on a new direction”. But there was a strong possibility
, he said, that he would carry on as Mr Mugabe had and that Zanu-PF would
close ranks around him.
他说，如果把穆加贝比作毛泽东，那么姆南加古瓦可以选择成为津巴布韦的邓小平，“
领导国家走向新的方向”。此言指的是中国已故领导人之间的过渡。但他表示，很有可
能的是他将成为又一个穆加贝，而非洲民族联盟-爱国阵线将会团结在他周围。
Though Mr Mugabe had initially won praise for championing one of Africa’s
best education systems and for holding out an olive branch to the white
minority, his leadership deteriorated as he became more autocratic and
pursued damaging economic policies.
尽管穆加贝最初因为推出非洲最好的教育体系之一、并向身为少数族群的白人伸出橄榄
枝而赢得赞誉，但随着他变得更加威权，且推行破坏性的经济政策，他的领导越来越不
得人心。
He oversaw a violent land reform campaign, broke with international
creditors and oversaw one of the world’s worst bouts of hyperinflation,
which led to the scrapping of the Zimbabwean currency and a reliance on US
dollars.
他领导了一场暴力的“土改”运动，与国际债权人闹翻，使国家出现世界上最严重的恶
性通胀之一，最终竟然导致津巴布韦放弃本币，只能依赖美元。
As economic conditions deteriorated, he resorted increasingly to state
intimidation to stay in office.
随着经济状况恶化，他越来越多地付诸国家恐吓手段来保住自己的权位。
Welshman Ncube, an opposition leader, said it was a huge moment for the
nation after nearly four decades of what he called Mr Mugabe’s ruinous rule.
反对党领袖韦尔什曼•恩库贝(Welshman Ncube)表示，在经历了他所称的穆加贝
的祸国统治近40年之后，津巴布韦迎来了一个重大时刻。
“I suppose it’s relief and anxiety at the same time,” he said. “Relief
that the symbol and face of the ruin of our country is finally over, and
anxiety that the people who are taking over were supporters of his ruinous
37-year rule.”
“我认为这既让人宽慰，也令人焦虑，”他表示。“宽慰是因为祸害我国的象征和面孔
终于成为过去，焦虑是因为接掌权力的那些人是他37年祸国统治的支持者。” |
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