k*******l
发帖数: 698 | 1 美帝的出口限制就是一份明确的中国需要攻克技术路线图
高景1卫星发射成功后，美国立即放松同类卫星的出口控制，后天生效
送交者: 古宇庙 2017年01月13日14:37:21 于 [世界军事论坛] 发送悄悄话
Federal government tweaks space export control rules
by Jeff Foust — January 12, 2017
Harris SpaceViewThe change in aperture limits will move some larger imaging
systems off of the U.S. Munitions List, and therefore will no longer be
subject to ITAR. Credit: Harris
WASHINGTON — The federal government is taking more space-related items off
of the most restrictive export control list, although some in industry
believe the changes don’t go far enough.
The revised rules, published by the Departments of Commerce and State in the
Federal Register Jan. 10, constitute tweaks to a major revision published
in May 2014 that took many space items off the U.S. Munitions List (USML),
governed by the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR). The
changes take effect Jan. 15.
One of the biggest changes covers remote sensing systems. The May 2014 rule
kept optical systems with apertures greater than 0.35 meters on the USML.
The revised rule increases that threshold to 0.5 meters, with systems with
smaller apertures moved to the Commerce Control List, a less restrictive
export control system administered by the Commerce Department.
Industry, though, had sought a much larger increase in the aperture
threshold, to 1.1 meters. The State Department, in its Federal Register
filing, noted industry comments requesting the larger increase, but did not
offer details on why it increased the threshold to only 0.5 meters.
“The Department acknowledges this comment and that aperture technology is
evolving,” it stated in its notice, saying only that the increase it
approved is designed “to reflect the current status of technology that
provides the United States with a critical military or intelligence
advantage and warrants control on the USML.”
Remy Nathan, vice president for international affairs at the Aerospace
Industries Association, said in a Jan. 11 statement to SpaceNews that the
increase was “insufficient to support American industry’s competitiveness.
” He noted some manufacturers outside the U.S. are already selling optical
systems for satellites with apertures larger than 0.5 meters.
“To be market leaders, U.S. companies must be able to offer commercial
solutions for international sales of imaging satellites with apertures
larger than 0.5 meters,” Nathan said. “As it stands, the United States and
its space industrial base are relegated to being market followers.”
Another change to the export control rules deal with crewed spacecraft. The
May 2014 rule retained on the USML any spacecraft capable of carry people
and which had integrated propulsion of some kind, regardless of any other
technologies on the vehicle.
“Spacecraft specially designed for human space flight that have integrated
propulsion present another security concern, for such capabilities may be
used for the purposes of weapons targeting from space,” the State
Department said when it published the May 2014 rule. “So, although these
technologies and capabilities are used in commercial endeavors, they
continue to merit control on the USML.”
Industry lobbied, though, to remove the language referring to human
spaceflight, arguing it was not a useful way to judge whether a spacecraft
has technology subject to export control, as its ability to support a crew
had little relation to any weapon capability. “Using this in export control
was both over- and under-inclusive,” said Mike Gold, chairman of the
Federal Aviation Administration’s Commercial Space Transportation Advisory
Committee (COMSTAC) and a long-time proponent of export control reform, in a
Jan. 11 interview.
The revised rule published this week makes no mention of human spaceflight
among criteria for space technology that should remain on the USML. However,
such vehicles could have other technologies that keep them on the list and
therefore would still be subject to ITAR.
The revised rule makes several other minor changes to technologies included
on export control lists. It also shifts NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope
from the USML to the Commerce Control List, after the State Department
concluded that the space observatory “was within the scope of spacecraft
and related items that did not warrant being subject to the ITAR.” JWST
will require an export license as it will be shipped to French Guiana in
2018 for launch on an Ariane 5.
The Commerce Department, in its public notice about the changes, noted that
the revised rule “completes the regulatory action for the interim final
rule” that was issued in May 2014. However, those in industry argue that
regular reviews of the contents of the export control list are needed to
ensure that the technologies they include still require projection by either
ITAR or the Commerce Department’s Export Administration Regulations.
The updates, though, are a sign of positive changes for people like Gold,
who fought for export control reform for more than a decade. Now, he said,
“The export control system is a beacon of common sense and responsiveness.
” | x*****q
发帖数: 2336 | 2 尼玛，还真是
imaging
off
【在 k*******l 的大作中提到】
: 美帝的出口限制就是一份明确的中国需要攻克技术路线图
: 高景1卫星发射成功后，美国立即放松同类卫星的出口控制，后天生效
: 送交者: 古宇庙 2017年01月13日14:37:21 于 [世界军事论坛] 发送悄悄话
: Federal government tweaks space export control rules
: by Jeff Foust — January 12, 2017
: Harris SpaceViewThe change in aperture limits will move some larger imaging
: systems off of the U.S. Munitions List, and therefore will no longer be
: subject to ITAR. Credit: Harris
: WASHINGTON — The federal government is taking more space-related items off
: of the most restrictive export control list, although some in industry
| y*****s
发帖数: 2028 | | l******t
发帖数: 55733 | 4 属实。应该禁止进口十年
【在 y*****s 的大作中提到】
: 中国应该禁止同类卫星进口 保护自有品牌
| g********x
发帖数: 7361 | 5 可以进口一个拆了研究
【在 l******t 的大作中提到】
: 属实。应该禁止进口十年
| S******t
发帖数: 378 | | b********n
发帖数: 38600 | | w*p
发帖数: 16484 | 8 这是不是说明高景的aperture在0.5m左右？ | l*******d
发帖数: 3343 | 9 最擅长的难道不是打价格战把丫的挤黄了…
★ 发自iPhone App: ChineseWeb 13
【在 y*****s 的大作中提到】
: 中国应该禁止同类卫星进口 保护自有品牌
| s*x
发帖数: 8041 | 10 美帝总吵吵平衡贸易，有用的东西又不卖。其实像cpu这样的例子就可以看出，卖给中
国中国自己就很难研发了。美帝是真心对中国好，怕中国死于安乐，只有自己研发出来
了才来跟中国竞争。 | m**********e
发帖数: 12525 | 11 720毫米反射望远镜
【在 w*p 的大作中提到】
: 这是不是说明高景的aperture在0.5m左右？
| d******r
发帖数: 16947 | 12 凡是对中国禁止进口的，一律不受知识产权保护。中国研发出来同类型产品后，5年之
内不许进口 LOL
imaging
off
【在 k*******l 的大作中提到】
: 美帝的出口限制就是一份明确的中国需要攻克技术路线图
: 高景1卫星发射成功后，美国立即放松同类卫星的出口控制，后天生效
: 送交者: 古宇庙 2017年01月13日14:37:21 于 [世界军事论坛] 发送悄悄话
: Federal government tweaks space export control rules
: by Jeff Foust — January 12, 2017
: Harris SpaceViewThe change in aperture limits will move some larger imaging
: systems off of the U.S. Munitions List, and therefore will no longer be
: subject to ITAR. Credit: Harris
: WASHINGTON — The federal government is taking more space-related items off
: of the most restrictive export control list, although some in industry
| h*********n
发帖数: 11319 | 13 正解
中国计算机学会一直在推动“反禁运法”，和你的思路完全一样
http://www.ccf.org.cn/sites/ccf/xhdtnry.jsp?contentId=2851766226230
日前，中国计算机学会( CCF )向全国人民代表大会常务委员会法制工作委员会、国务
院法制办公室提交了“中国计算机学会关于制定《反禁运法》的建议”(以下简称《建
议》)，并同时将《建议》抄送中央网信办、商务部以及工业和信息化部。
《建议》指出：长期以来，以美国为代表的西方国家，以各种政治、经济、环境、安全
、军事等借口和名义，利用审批、许可证等行政手段，奉行和实施对中国的货物、服务
和技术的出口管制和禁运措施，极大损害了我国的国家利益、产业利益和广大消费者的
权益。更为恶劣的是，当我国科技人员通过艰苦奋斗、自力更生研发出被禁运装备、技
术及软件等以后，美国等西方国家往往立即解禁该类产品与技术，向我国大肆倾销，妄
图阻碍甚至彻底扼杀我国相关高技术产业的形成与发展。
为适应国际政治经济社会发展的新变化，应对西方国家的禁运，中国计算机学会建议有
关部门尽快制定《反禁运法》，通过规定对我国禁运的装备、器材、技术及软件等在我
国研发成功以后，一定时期不得进口或征收高额关税等反制措施，以保护我国的国家利
益、民族产业利益和科技人员的积极性。
【在 d******r 的大作中提到】
: 凡是对中国禁止进口的，一律不受知识产权保护。中国研发出来同类型产品后，5年之
: 内不许进口 LOL
:
: imaging
: off
| w*****7
发帖数: 4847 | 14 没用。美国法律规定，含有美国零件的卫星只能由美国发射。
即便TG进口美国同类卫星，也不能发射。 |
|
