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发帖数: 38600 | 1 America’s Deadliest Export: Democracy
Every year the American historian William Blum publishes his "updated
summary of the record of US foreign policy" which shows that, since 1945,
the US has tried to overthrow more than 50 governments, many of them
democratically elected; grossly interfered in elections in 30 countries;
bombed the civilian populations of 30 countries; used chemical and
biological weapons; and attempted to assassinate foreign leaders.
In many cases Britain has been a collaborator. The degree of human suffering
, let alone criminality, is little acknowledged in the west, despite the
presence of the world's most advanced communications and nominally most free
journalism. That the most numerous victims of terrorism – "our" terrorism
– are Muslims, is unsayable. That extreme jihadism, which led to 9/11, was
nurtured as a weapon of Anglo-American policy (Operation Cyclone in
Afghanistan) is suppressed. In April the US state department noted that,
following Nato's campaign in 2011, "Libya has become a terrorist safe haven".
The name of "our" enemy has changed over the years, from communism to
Islamism, but generally it is any society independent of western power and
occupying strategically useful or resource-rich territory, or merely
offering an alternative to US domination. The leaders of these obstructive
nations are usually violently shoved aside, such as the democrats Muhammad
Mossedeq in Iran, Arbenz in Guatemala and Salvador Allende in Chile, or they
are murdered like Patrice Lumumba in the Democratic Republic of Congo. All
are subjected to a western media campaign of vilification – think Fidel
Castro, Hugo Chávez, now Vladimir Putin.
Washington's role in Ukraine is different only in its implications for the
rest of us. For the first time since the Reagan years, the US is threatening
to take the world to war. With eastern Europe and the Balkans now military
outposts of Nato, the last "buffer state" bordering Russia – Ukraine – is
being torn apart by fascist forces unleashed by the US and the EU. We in the
west are now backing neo-Nazis in a country where Ukrainian Nazis backed
Hitler.
Having masterminded the coup in February against the democratically elected
government in Kiev, Washington's planned seizure of Russia's historic,
legitimate warm-water naval base in Crimea failed. The Russians defended
themselves, as they have done against every threat and invasion from the
west for almost a century.
http://williamblum.org/ | b********n
发帖数: 38600 | | b********n
发帖数: 38600 | 3 Killing Hope: U.S. Military and CIA Interventions Since World War II
Table of Contents
Introduction
Chapter 1: China - 1945 to 1960s: Was Mao Tse-tung just paranoid?
Chapter 2: Italy - 1947-1948: Free elections, Hollywood style
Chapter 3: Greece - 1947 to early 1950s: From cradle of democracy to client
state
Chapter 4: The Philippines - 1940s and 1950s: America’s oldest colony
Chapter 5: Korea - 1945-1953: Was it all that it appeared to be?
Chapter 6: Albania - 1949-1953: The proper English spy
Chapter 7: Eastern Europe - 1948-1956: Operation Splinter Factor
Chapter 8: Germany - 1950s: Everything from juvenile delinquency to
terrorism
Chapter 9: Iran - 1953: Making it safe for the King of Kings
Chapter 10: Guatemala - 1953-1954: While the world watched
Chapter 11: Costa Rica - Mid-1950s: Trying to topple an ally - Part 1
Chapter 12: Syria - 1956-1957: Purchasing a new government
Chapter 13: Middle East - 1957-1958: The Eisenhower Doctrine claims another
backyard for America
Chapter 14: Indonesia - 1957-1958: War and pornography
Chapter 15: Western Europe - 1950s and 1960s: Fronts within fronts within
fronts
Chapter 16: British Guiana - 1953-1964: The CIA’s international labor mafia
Chapter 17: Soviet Union - Late 1940s to 1960s: From spy planes to book
publishing
Chapter 18: Italy - 1950s to 1970s: Supporting the Cardinal’s orphans and
techno-fascism
Chapter 19: Vietnam - 1950-1973: The Hearts and Minds Circus
Chapter 20: Cambodia - 1955-1973: Prince Sihanouk walks the high-wire of
neutralism
Chapter 21: Laos - 1957-1973: L’Armée Clandestine
Chapter 22: Haiti - 1959-1963: The Marines land, again
Chapter 23: Guatemala - 1960: One good coup deserves another
Chapter 24: France/Algeria - 1960s: L’état, c’est la CIA
Chapter 25: Ecuador - 1960-1963: A text book of dirty tricks
Chapter 26: The Congo - 1960-1964: The assassination of Patrice Lumumba
Chapter 27: Brazil - 1961-1964: Introducing the marvelous new world of death
squads
Chapter 28: Peru - 1960-1965: Fort Bragg moves to the jungle
Chapter 29: Dominican Republic - 1960-1966: Saving democracy from communism
by getting rid of democracy
Chapter 30: Cuba - 1959 to 1980s: The unforgivable revolution
Chapter 31: Indonesia - 1965: Liquidating President Sukarno ..: and 500,000
others; East Timor - 1975: And 200,000 more
Chapter 32: Ghana - 1966: Kwame Nkrumah steps out of line
Chapter 33: Uruguay - 1964-1970: Torture—as American as apple pie
Chapter 34: Chile - 1964-1973: A hammer and sickle stamped on your child’s
forehead
Chapter 35: Greece - 1964-1974: “Fuck your Parliament and your Constitution
,” said the President of the United States
Chapter 36: Bolivia - 1964-1975: Tracking down Che Guevara in the land of
coup d’etat
Chapter 37: Guatemala - 1962 to 1980s: A less publicized “final solution”
Chapter 38: Costa Rica - 1970-1971: Trying to topple an ally—Part 2
Chapter 39: Iraq - 1972-1975: Covert action should not be confused with
missionary work
Chapter 40: Australia - 1973-1975: Another free election bites the dust
Chapter 41: Angola - 1975 to 1980s: The Great Powers Poker Game
Chapter 42: Zaire - 1975-1978: Mobutu and the CIA, a marriage made in heaven
Chapter 43: Jamaica - 1976-1980: Kissinger’s ultimatum
Chapter 44: Seychelles - 1979-1981: Yet another area of great strategic
importance
Chapter 45: Grenada - 1979-1984: Lying—one of the few growth industries in
Washington
Chapter 46: Morocco - 1983: A video nasty
Chapter 47: Suriname - 1982-1984: Once again, the Cuban bogeyman
Chapter 48: Libya - 1981-1989: Ronald Reagan meets his match
Chapter 49: Nicaragua - 1981-1990: Destabilization in slow motion
Chapter 50: Panama - 1969-1991: Double-crossing our drug supplier
Chapter 51: Bulgaria 1990/Albania 1991: Teaching communists what democracy
is all about
Chapter 52: Iraq - 1990-1991: Desert Holocaust
Chapter 53: Afghanistan - 1979-1992: America’s Jihad
Chapter 54: El Salvador - 1980-1994: Human rights, Washington style
Chapter 55: Haiti - 1986-1994: Who will rid me of this turbulent priest?
Chapter 56: The American Empire - 1992 to present
Notes
Appendix I: This is How the Money Goes Round
Appendix II: Instances of Use of United States Armed Forces Abroad, 1798-
1945
Appendix III: U.S. Government Assassination Plots
Index
Purchase Killing Hope
For a copy signed to you personally, and shipped immediately, send a check
to:
William Blum
5100 Connecticut Ave., NW, #707
Washington, DC, 20008-2064, USA | w********n
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