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发帖数: 6973 | 1 Steven Hayward, Literary Camouflage; Eric Blair contemplated calling himself
H. Lewis Allways, P.S. Burton, Kenneth Miles—or George Orwell. Wall Street
Journal, June 23, 2011 (date in print) http://online.wsj.com/article/SB1000142405270230365
7404576359331656789852.html?mod=WSJ_Books_LS_Books_6
(book review on Carmela Ciuraru, Nom de Plume; A (secret) history of
pseudonym. Harper, 2011)
Note:
(1) nom de plume
http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nom_de_plume
("Coined in English from French nom (“name”) + de (“of”) + plume (“
feather”), by analogy with the borrowed nom de guerre")
"The term nom de plume is French in origin, although it is not in fact used
in French as a general rule. It literally means 'name of pen,' and is
typically translated as “pen name.” The term appears to have arisen in
Britain, where people wanted to lend a more literary air to the practice of
using a pen name, so they chose to use a French phrase. In France itself,
pseudonyme is more often used to describe a pen name."
What is a Nom de Plume? wiseGEEK: clear answers for common questions,
undated.
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-nom-de-plume.htm
(2) Mark Twain name origin.
(a) sounding line
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sounding_line
("At sea, in order to avoid repeatedly hauling in and measuring the wet line
by stretching it out with one's arms, it became traditional to tie marks at
intervals along the line")
What does this mean? It says that instead of throwing the sounding line
into a body of water, pull it out and measure the length of the WET line,
sailors tied knots of various shapes and colors to mark the the length of
the sounding line.
(i) To have a detailed look of a sounding line, please go to External link
at the bottom of the Wiki page to
Allen Mordica, The Lead Line -- Construction and use. The Navy & Marine
Living Society Association, Inc (located at North Attleboro, Mass), undated.
http://www.navyandmarine.org/planspatterns/soundingline.htm
("The above depths are called marks * * * Thus, at five fathoms, the
leadsman calls, 'By the mark five[;]' in eleven fathoms, 'By the deep eleven
.' He also calls halves and quarters of fathoms i.e., 'And a half six,'' for
six and a half fathoms[;] 'A quarter less six,' for five and three-quarters
")
* North Attleborough, Massachusetts
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Attleboro,_Massachusetts
(ii) See also
The Mississippi River: "Half twain! Quarter twain! M-a-r-k twain!" UC
Berkeley Library, undated.
("For most people, the name 'Mark Twain' is virtually synonymous with the
life along the Mississippi River immortalized in the author's writing.
Clemens first signed his writing with the name in February 1863, as a
newspaper reporter in Nevada. 'Mark Twain' (meaning 'Mark number two') was a
Mississippi River term: the second mark on the line that measured depth
signified two fathoms, or twelve feet—safe depth for the steamboat.")
(iii) fathom
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fathom
(There are 2 yards (6 feet) in an imperial or U.S. fathom; Originally based
on the distance between the fingertips of a man's outstretched arms)
(iv) How the sounding was done.
Measuring water depth: Echosounding
http://www.punaridge.org/doc/factoids/Sound/Default.htm
("Historical Note To measure ocean water depths before the development
of echosounders, a heavy line was lowered to the seafloor. The length of
line that it took to reach the bottom was measured and recorded. This was
called 'sounding'. The H.M.S. Challenger is shown in the figure to the
right with a line over the side. The Challenger expedition which set sail in
1872 and lasted four years, was considered the first purely oceanographic
investigation. During the expedition 492 soundings were made using a heavy
line.")
HMS Challenger (1858)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Challenger_(1858)
(launched 1858; undertook the first global marine research expedition: the
Challenger expedition)
(2) James Tiptree, Jr.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Tiptree,_Jr.
(James Tiptree, Jr. (1915-1987) was the pen name of American science fiction
author Alice Bradley Sheldon, used from 1967 to her death; it was not
publicly known until 1977 that James Tiptree, Jr. was a woman)
* Tiptree
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiptree
(a village in the English county of Essex, situated 10 miles (16 km) south-
east [sic; should be south-west] of Colchester and around 50 miles (80 km)
north-east of London)
(3) George Orwell
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Orwell
(Eric Arthur Blair (1903-1950), better known by his pen name George Orwell;
wrote a novel Nineteen Eighty-Four (published in 1949))
(4) George Sand
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Sand
(Amantine (also "Amandine") Lucile Aurore Dupin; 1804-1876; best known by
her pseudonym George Sand; was a French novelist and memoirist)
(4) Brontë family
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bront%C3%AB_family
(Charlotte (1816-1855), Emily (1818-1848), Anne (1820-1849); their father
Patrick (1777-1861)He survived his entire family, and six years after
Charlotte's death he died at the age of 84; Charlotte's husband was the Rev.
Arthur Bell Nicholls; section 5.1 First publication : Poems, by Currer,
Ellis and Acton Bell)
So I am clueless about what it means when the review says of Carmela Ciuraru
to the sisters' decision to publish as brothers with the last name of Bell." |
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