s***3
发帖数: 33 | 1 １９６５年一月二日，哈瓦那举行了数十万人的集会和阅兵，展示了从苏联得
到的坦克和飞机，然后卡斯特罗发表了讲话。他说古巴今天除了面对美帝和形形色色的
敌人之外，又有了一个新的威胁：大米供应的减少。这是因为中国撕毁了贸易合同。接
下来古巴党报连续发表文章，说中国加入了美国对古巴的封锁。二月六日卡斯特罗签署
了古巴政府的声明，说中国正用所有自阶级社会产生以来由奴隶主、封建主、资产阶级
和帝国主义所采用的最恶劣的海盗和土匪行径压迫古巴这个小国。中国使馆在古巴大量
邮寄宣传品更是任何有主权的国家都不能允许的。
二月二十一日，中国政府发表声明，说卡斯特罗现在终于加入了帝修反的反华大合唱。
这场相互乱骂的闹剧在三月十三日到了高潮。那天卡斯特罗来到哈瓦那大学发表演说，
他说中国人是最危险的修正主义者，大米没有什么了不起的，应该习惯吃小麦，那样对
健康更好。然后他说中国领袖已经患了老年痴呆症，赌咒发誓说今后古巴领导人的年龄
决不超过６０岁。对当时中国盛行的把毛泽东比作红太阳的个人崇拜，卡斯特罗大声嘲
笑道：“那个人应该去读读恩格斯的《反杜林论》，太阳时间长了也会熄灭的！”
当卡斯特罗帮苏联攻击中国的讲话传到了毛主席的耳朵里，毛主席当即就说“豺狼当道
，安问狐狸”。什么意思呢？意思就是我们的对手是苏联豺狼，卡斯特罗只是一直狐狸
而已。
七〇年代，中国人最恨的就是古巴和“东方古巴”这两个国家。邓小平副总理说越南起
的作用会比古巴更坏，我们把越南叫做东方的古巴…… 邓小平在美国时已经暗示了要
打“东方古巴”的事：我们不能允许“东方古巴”到处捣乱，1978年-1988年中国一直
是斥责古巴和“东方古巴”是苏联的两个打手，中国也给世界其他国家，特别是给西方
和美国上了“一课”，教给它们要坚决。在中国看来，西方和美国在对待苏联“霸权主
义”及其“东西方的古巴”问题上软弱得几乎到了犯罪的程度。
在中国对越自卫反击战期间，古巴的卡斯特罗在一次群众集会上扬言要“派志愿军帮助
东方古巴人民抵抗侵略”。卡斯特罗说，中国的入侵是“整个人类历史上最卑鄙的背叛
革命的例子”。古巴《格拉玛报》发表社论：古巴“甚至将用自己的鲜血”援越！古巴
和东方古巴是当时苏联的两个“打手”，不同的是古巴比东方古巴更甚，不但向一些国
家派“军事顾问”，还向一些国家派出了雇佣军，而越南当时也被一些人称为“东方的
古巴”。
(CNN)When Cuban revolutionary leader Fidel Castro's death was announced on
Saturday, China's President Xi Jinping remembered him as a "great person of
our era."
In a statement read out by a presenter on Chinese state-TV, Xi praised the
founder of Communist Cuba. He said Castro had made "immortal historical
achievements for the development of world socialism."
But decades earlier, Fidel Castro himself didn't have such praise for the
founder of Communist China.
"I believe that Mao (Zedong) destroyed with his feet what he did with his
head for many years. I'm convinced of that. And some day the Chinese people,
the Communist party of China will have to recognize that," Castro told
American journalist Barbara Walters in May 1977.
He went on to list what he said were Mao's grave mistakes: a cult
personality and abuse of great power.
"I also acquired that power, but I never abused it, nor did I retain it in
my hands," Castro said.
China and Cuba: Communists on opposite sides of the Cold War
Although both Cuba and China were functioning Communist states, Castro told
Walters he viewed China as a "good ally" of the US, which was a bitter enemy
of Cuba.
It was the height of the Cold War -- and Cuba and China found themselves
seemingly on opposite sides: Cuba a strong ally of the Soviet Union, while
China had split with the Soviets over their different interpretations of
Marxism-Leninism. China was also slowly establishing ties with the US and
was about to embark on major economic reform.
"China's working closely with the US played a big role in the fall of the
Soviet Union," said Victor Gao, chairman of the China Energy Security
Institute, who once worked as an interpreter for former Chinese President
Deng Xiaoping.
"I think for Fidel Castro to feel a bit uncomfortable with China separating
from the Soviet Union and getting closely involved with the US is fully
understandable. He remained until very, very recently, opposed to
involvement with the US. Using the Cuban benchmark -- it also made a lot of
sense for them to think that China was betraying that ideology."
Havana and Beijing established diplomatic relations in 1960, but their
opposing positions in the Cold War resulted in little substantive
interaction between the countries for more than two decades, according to
Chinese state media. Relations didn't fully resume until 1989, and Castro
made his first and only state visit to China in 1995.
By then the Soviet Union had fallen and Cuba, still under a US economic
blockade, needed to strengthen ties with other Communist allies. China
quickly became one of Cuba's top trade partners and economics was the main
focus of Castro's visit to China. He spent two days outside the capital
observing economic changes in China, taking note of the successes and
weaknesses of economic reform.
The cost of Cuba's defiance against America
It's economic development that differentiates the two communist nations,
according to Gao.
"The economic development model based on socialist ideology, now when we
look back, was a very misguided ideology," he told CNN. "Since 1978 China
embarked on profound economic reform and today has become the world's second
largest economy. Cuba throughout these years has not changed that
profoundly."
But despite the differences, Gao said China remained loyal to its fellow
Communist nation, recalling a meeting between Deng Xiaoping and then U.S.
Secretary of State George Shultz in 1987, where Gao served as interpreter.
"He lobbied very hard for China to stand by the US in regards to Cuba and
its blockade, but Deng Xiaoping reiterated that China would not do that,"
Gao said.
"I think it's truly remarkable for a small country like Cuba, just on the
doorstep of the US, managed to really stand firm in what it believed to be
the truth. That is truly an act of bravery and courage, even though the cost
is to be on the lower level of economic development."
China awarded Fidel Castro the Confucius Peace Prize -- its own version of
the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014, saying Castro did not use force in dealing
with international disputes, especially against he US.
But Castro's unwillingness for decades to implement economic reforms will
also serve as a lesson for many Chinese, Gao said.
"While Fidel Castro was a great political leader, he was not a great
economic leader. Hopefully his passing will make it easier for the next
generation to implement reforms and improve its economy." | k*******r
发帖数: 16963 | | S***p
发帖数: 19902 | | h****n
发帖数: 1330 | 4 1965年，土鳖国也没能吃上饱饭，还要搞文化大革命。 | d*****0
发帖数: 68029 | 5 主要是没占到便宜。像阿尔巴尼亚一样占够了便宜估计就不会出来骂了
【在 h****n 的大作中提到】
: 1965年，土鳖国也没能吃上饱饭，还要搞文化大革命。
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