z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 1 你在router bgp 1下面加上一条no bgp default ipv4-unicast看看。你这个是最基本
的6PEconfiguration，通常在mixed unicast/multicast or ipv4/ipv6等情况下，建议
no bgp default ipv4-unicast，这样你可以清楚的控制每一个协议。不过别忘了加了
这条命令，你需要在address-family ipv4里面activate一下你的ipv4 neighbors |
|
s*****g
发帖数: 1055 | 2 Sorry, I mis-understood you ...
I don't think you need to activate IPv4 neighbor under ipv4 unicast address
family if you are not exchanging IPv4 unicast routes. So even ipv4 neighbor
is not activated under ipv4 unicast address family, 6PE will still work, if
not, it must be something else. |
|
发帖数: 1 | 3 Please email resume to: [email protected]/* */ if you are interested
About the Position:
Software Engineer to develop solutions for high performing and scalable Data
Centers.
Responsibilities:
• Enhancing Layer 2, Layer 3 Unicast/Multicast Protocols to work in a
highly distributed environment.
• Collaborate with cross functional teams (other business groups,
Product Line Managers, etc ) to retrofit a highly scalable solution within
an existing framework.
• Develop a distr... 阅读全帖 |
|
kc
发帖数: 3169 | 4 非常感谢，这个是log信息。 现在又迷茫了， 好像又不是modem的问题。
System Event Log
Index Date/Time ID Level Text
1 09/12/11 02:41:21 R02.0 critical No Ranging Response
received - T3 time-ou
t
2 09/12/11 02:44:34 R04.0 critical Received Response to
Broadcast Maintenanc
e Request, but no Unicast Maintenance opportunities received - T4 timeout
3 09/12/11 02:45:20 D02.0 critical DHCP FAILED -
Request sent, no response
4 09/12/11 02:47:20 ... 阅读全帖 |
|
L******t
发帖数: 1985 | 5 This is native multicast, dude. In terms of layer, multicast is no
difference from unicast.
Multicast is mostly unavailable to the general public yet. google finance or
whatever, is pure unicast app. |
|
s*****g
发帖数: 1055 | 6 You are configuring 6PE? in that case under ipv6 address family you should
redistribute ripng not rip, right? I doubt IOS would allow you to
redistribute rip under ipv6 unicast address family.
Does 10.2.1.3 have 6PE configured? did the two neighbors negotiate afi/safi 2
/1 and 2/4? You mentioned the PE-CE is IPv6, but I don't see IPv6 BGP
neighbor under ipv6 unicast address family. I would turn on bgp debug and
then clear the whole BGP neighbor. |
|
a**********k
发帖数: 1953 | 7 IPTV can be a combination of multicast/unicast. Multicast is mainly used
between super node and nodes for content distribution. unicast can be
used between node/hub & stb.
For video traffic, QoS is the key. DPI based policy control (Gx/Gy)
and bandwidth management for 3gpp mobile network is the right direction
IMHO.
head- |
|
z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 8 是啊，其实这些内容提供商跟吸血鬼似的，利用别人带宽挣自己的钱。
ott也会涉及到multicast，比如内容unicast到某个carrier的cache以后，就没有必要
在unicast了
head- |
|
v***v
发帖数: 5504 | 9 这段写得的确有点给咱们老中加压，其实意思是，别的ICMPv6都不会针对multicast/
broadcast 产生，而packet too big message是个例外，它甚至需要对不能forward的
multicast message也产生。（更何况unicast，针对unicast的是前一段的MUST)
同样在RFC 4443，这段就清楚一点
(e) An ICMPv6 error message MUST NOT be originated as a result of
receiving the following:
(e.1) An ICMPv6 error message.
(e.2) An ICMPv6 redirect message [IPv6-DISC].
(e.3) A packet destined to an IPv6 multicast address. (There are
two exceptions to this rule: (1) the Packet Too... 阅读全帖 |
|
z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 10 NH应该是far end PE loopback，这个肯定是从IGP得到，同时也应该在LFIB里，你不激
活ipv4 neighbor，同时看一下show mpls for？
刚才俺也做了个实验，果然不需要在add ipv4下激活ipv4 neighbor，只需要在add
ipv6下激活ipv4 neighbor就可以送ipv6扩展了。
R1----R2----R3----R4
R1 and R4 are dual stack, R2 and R3 are IPv4 only, LDP enabled on all
interface
相关配置如下
!
!
!
ip cef
no ip domain lookup
ipv6 unicast-routing
ipv6 cef
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
!
interface Loopback1
no ip address
ipv6 address 2001::1/128
!
interface Ethernet0/0
no ip address
... 阅读全帖 |
|
z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 11 you sure?
OTV neighbor discovery is based on multicast ... and multicast doesn't have
to be a bad guy ... more and more are asking the infra to support mcast
OTV does uses ARP cache to reduce some broadcast, but this doesn't work for
ipv6.
first time to hear unicast flooding ... I guess you wanted to mean unkown
unicast? |
|
b****y
发帖数: 105 | 12 I have some questions about my project.
I have several clients that can not receive multicast, and a proxy that can
receive multicase packets from outside and unicaste the packet to the clients.
I have two multicaste groups.
the clients, at first, send a message to the proxy about which multicaste
group it will receive, then wait to receive the message sent from the proxy
(unicaste).
the proxy, need to create a table about which client will receive from witch
multicaste group,(for my opinion, is |
|
o****p
发帖数: 9785 | 13 我那个回帖是unicast，不是multicast，请忽略啊。 |
|
g**o
发帖数: 20 | 14 1)Networks (Quality of Service issues). Delay-constrained routing
(unicast and multicast), resource allocation and admission control,
traffic shaping and packet scheduling, cost recovery and service pricing,
flow control, resource pricing, and statistical modeling.
2)Network Security. Intrusion detection for routers. Fault detection and
recovery for distributed protocols. Denial of QoS attacks.
3)Distributed real-time applications. Voice and video transmission,
multi-user games, remote command |
|
a*****p
发帖数: 189 | 15 收到Ericsson recruiter的一个职位信息，希望对大家有用。
=================
Hi Bryan,
Can you help me get the word out...
The Ericsson IP Networking team is aggressively hiring Routing (Unicast/
Multicast/IPv6), MPLS (MPLS-TP, L/2/3 VPN, VPLS, NSR, FRR) & Routing
Infrastructure for our current and next generation solutions. This is one of
the best times to make a mark on the industry, as it migrates to a seamless
, converged, all-IP world.
http://www.ericsson.com/ourportfolio/ericsson-product-catalog/ip-networking?n |
|
f****y
发帖数: 33 | 16 本公司是位于上海附近的一家从事高速网络集成电路开发设计的初创公司,主要产品是
高端网络交换机芯片.我们迫切寻找在该领域工作多年,有丰富经验的海外优秀人才加盟
我公司.
我们现特招聘交换机芯片高级系统架构师,交换机芯片高级ASIC设计和验证主管,软件设
计和测试主管.我们的待遇优厚.如有兴趣,或要了解更多详情, 可以站内联系我.
职位详细介绍：
1) Ethernet Switch System Senior Architect
Job Description:
Responsible for defining ASIC SOC chip & system architecture for Ethernet
communications switch devices. The candidate must have eight or more years
experience with silicon device architectures, with at least five years
experience with Ethernet communications devices... 阅读全帖 |
|
f****y
发帖数: 33 | 17 本公司是位于上海附近的一家从事高速网络集成电路开发设计的初创公司,主要产品是
高端网络交换机芯片.我们迫切寻找在该领域工作多年,有丰富经验的海外优秀人才加盟
我公司.
我们现特招聘交换机芯片高级系统架构师,交换机芯片高级ASIC设计和验证主管,软件设
计和测试主管.我们的待遇优厚.如有兴趣,或要了解更多详情, 可以站内联系我.
职位详细介绍：
1) Switch System Senior Architect
Job Description:
Responsible for defining ASIC SOC chip & system architecture for Ethernet
communications switch devices. The candidate must have eight or more years
experience with silicon device architectures, with at least five years
experience with Ethernet communications devices. Must be... 阅读全帖 |
|
f****y
发帖数: 33 | 18 本公司是位于上海附近的一家从事高速网络集成电路开发设计的初创公司,主要产品是
高端网络交换机芯片.我们迫切寻找在该领域工作多年,有丰富经验的海外优秀人才加盟
我公司.
我们现特招聘交换机芯片高级系统架构师,交换机芯片高级ASIC设计和验证主管,软件设
计和测试主管.我们的待遇非常优厚.如有兴趣,或要了解更多详情, 可以站内联系我.
职位详细介绍：
1) Ethernet Switch System Senior Architect
Job Description:
Responsible for defining ASIC SOC chip & system architecture for Ethernet
communications switch devices. The candidate must have eight or more years
experience with silicon device architectures, with at least five years
experience with Ethernet communications devic... 阅读全帖 |
|
r*****n
发帖数: 35 | 19 Hello,
My parents will take this flight to visit me, and it is their first
international travel. Please unicast me if you will take this flight too.
Thanks for the help. I appreciate it. |
|
s*****o
发帖数: 1540 | 20 Four papers in high quality IEEE conference.
1: (Cloud) Transaction monitoring in Cloud environments. Monitoring SOA user
defined transactions. Cloud operability, minimal level of intrusiveness and
possible cross platform implementation.
2: (Wireless network) High-Speed Trains, UDP-Based File Delivery, Video
Streaming. Reliable FLUTE for reliable data unicast. higher throughput on
high-speed rail broadband networks. experiments on a real 802.16e mobile
WiMAX network
3: (Security) accountable sec... 阅读全帖 |
|
b*******3
发帖数: 1461 | 21 好吧，基金经理和王羲之，咱abc的果农没见过世面。如果有这机会给咱果农个机会呗
？果农资历如下：
媒体公司digital media 经验6年
一个emmy award （2007的技术类，今年被提名了)
两个专利(application platform 和content security)
还有mobile app的经验，abc ipad player (launched on iPad initial release day,
first network video app) and Oscar all access (first network live event,
buzz word: 2nd screen experience)
目前负责abc,abc news, abc family的long form and short form contents
有cdn经验，ll, akamai and l3 (我们三家都用)
有vendor合作经验，microsoft，apple，move network, conviva, kaltura, omniture
, frog d... 阅读全帖 |
|
m**h
发帖数: 618 | 22 Hi,
In case you wanted to go to SF for tomorrow's event, you can take advantage
of this. June ( 408 853 9169), my colleague, will have a round-trip bus
between SF and Mountain View tomorrow. You can unicast her if needing more
info or having any question. You can also telling more friends about this,
there will be plenty of seats available.
Best regards,
P.S. June wants supports for Beijing |
|
p********r
发帖数: 1980 | 23 Unicast v.s. broadcast.
So actually what you said isn't really true. For example, U-verse TV uses
multicast so the quality is good. Many TVs now are based on IP technology. |
|
|
z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 25 来自主题: EmergingNetworking版 - IPTV Broadwing跟qwest是最大的两家有dark fiber的公司？俺倒不知道这个。
telecom一般都有自己的backbone，cable公司一般都很分散，零乱，有自己backbone的据
俺所知只有comcast一家。
iptv虽然没有什么特别新的技术，但是涵盖的面非常广，从运营结构上看，有super head
-end, CO/VSO，super headend主要做传统的headend的活，最重要的就是encoding，同时
进行multicast tv programes，一套iptv网可能只有1个，或者最多2个（座reduntancy）
，vso做的事情比较杂，最重要的可能就是VoD了，都是unicast的traffic
从component方面看，主要分application, service, and network，每个layer都有很多
东西在里面，俺是搞网络的，所以最关心的是network，也略微了解一点service，至于
application就不关俺的事情了。
大致说了这么些，大家可以把每个东西都拿出来讨论
我知
=>niceboy (Thu |
|
z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 26 multicast很重要啊，俺简单画个图
STB1<------>PE<----PBT---->Headend
^
|
STB2<-------
如果没有multicast，如果STB1&2两个用户看同一个节目，那么从PE到video headend这
段要跑2个unicast的stream，一个stream就算1.5Mbps，一个hdtv stream差不多8、
9Mbps，加起来了不得的带宽需求啊。这还是一个台，要是多个台呢？每个台都有这样
的需求。
如果有multicast则好办了，每个台只用一个带宽需求就够了。 |
|
z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 27 俺觉得还是有可能的。
1、从现有fire sharing的模式看，你可以随时开启一个BT下载，这就跟vod道理上是一
码事。但是就像你说的，人们看internet tv的时候不再本地存储节目，这根file
sharing有本质区别。不过从这个可以看出，提供vod是可行的，也许有更好的办法，但
是如果利用现存的这种file sharing的模式，接下来需要解决的是本地存储这个问题。
2、可以把一个vod cut成若干个片断，分布式存储在网络上，假设每个人的机器或者那
些super node的机器的容量，每拨人只存储定量片断在内存里，那么就可以有一个动态
的永久存在的源，再加上vod root server，源的问题就解决了。
3、剩下的就是可行性了。最关键的问题就是这些super node能有足够的capacity包括
内存，cpu cycle，以及bandwidth。从长远看，这些都不会是问题，因为这将极大刺激
设备厂商
的供需。
4、如果在点播的人非常少的时候，就没有必要p2p了，直接一个unicast就可以了。
likes
30 |
|
c*a
发帖数: 806 | 28 this reminds me of stonebeat (checkpoint cluster), believe multicast mac
address is being associated with unicast IP, thus two servers can have same
copy of traffic. Old Cisco IOS code did not support multicast mac in arp, so
a static arp entry is necessary in this case
address |
|
c*****i
发帖数: 631 | 29 in windows load balance, there is no hardware load blancer in front of the
servers. you need configure the two servers to give them a virtual ip
address. so in order for all servers to receive traffic, u need use
multicast address. if u use unicast address, the router will only send
traffic to one of the servers. although this design is not that good, but if
you dont have a hardware load balancer in front, that's the only choice. |
|
s********k
发帖数: 6180 | 30 现在所用的multicast是本质上的multiple unicast还是其他什么？现在广泛应用的
multicsat是在IP层上还是application层呢？另外想请教是否只有IPv6才支持
multicasting？ |
|
s********k
发帖数: 6180 | 31 那这个就应该是利用proxy来实现的multiple的unicast吧？ |
|
w***s
发帖数: 321 | 32 注册和转发都有点proxy的意思，但是如果你要考察数据包的话，
是不存在unicast目的地址的。 |
|
s*****g
发帖数: 1055 | 33 For this application, I think they have a separate content delivery network,
on back bone they run native multicast, but for last mile, it is still
going to be unicast to desktop, think about it, most firewalls will block
Internet multicast by default. |
|
z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 34 最早用BPON的时候，最后从OLT到ONT都是unicast了，现在开始用EPON了，就可以支持
multicast了，一直到splitter再复制给各个STB
Native |
|
w***s
发帖数: 321 | 35 嗯，就是说DSLAM上联两个Service Router, 一个Multicast，一个Unicast(假定1483B
类也在BRAS上)。
没人鼓吹超级BRAS方案？ |
|
z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 36 差不多，但是其实video的主要流量还是unicast，也就是VoD，也是通过EoMPLS/VPLS走
1483B |
|
e**********w
发帖数: 117 | 37 曾经一度以为这个不会成为trend，当网站的server成白菜价的时候，是不会care用不
用multicast的，更多的还是end-to-end的unicast，burden全在source的server上。 |
|
z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 38 ISP不在乎server啊，在乎bandwidth，都是end to end unicast，怎么得了 |
|
L******t
发帖数: 1985 | 39 Right, but only for unicast.
For multicast, switching & routing happen simultaneously. |
|
z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 40 multicast需要replication，latency一般比unicast的高些，不过Blade/Arista的能到
纳秒级别俺表示强烈怀疑。
4900M专门给data center做的东西，latency很好，跟Nexus系列的有一拼。能到2、3个
微妙。
6500系列的latency大约是10微妙左右。
另外这个latency都是虚的，实际中跟你packet size有很大关系，一个64字节的包，和
一个9K字节的包，那latency怎么都不可能一样。
6500有6509-V-X这个chassis吗？是说V-E吧？ |
|
t*******r
发帖数: 3271 | 41 Please ask Eric rosen, why virtual router is beat by RFC 2547 back to 10
years ago, control plane signaling aggregation for sure better than
virtualizaing for each customer instance. if multicast bgp can just use PIM
without BGP, can we consider further to remove BGP for unicast as well? i.e
run ospf to cpe, extend ospf to cross the core. |
|
s*******8
发帖数: 12734 | 42 "I don't see IPv6 BGP neighbor under ipv6 unicast address family. "
为什么neighbor要放在address family下面啊？ |
|
z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 43 ATT 里面杂的很，有人水平不错但是大部分一般，最怕的就是你说的这样人了。不过从
你描述的来看，好像你说话方式上应该注意点，有些东西如果有可能让对方下不来台，
最好unicast。
另外，越是很多基本的东西，越是容易忽略。
architect |
|
f*****m
发帖数: 416 | 44 IPv6为了scale, 路由要一路aggregate,这样核心路由表才能小.这样客户的路由就是
provider dependent的.问题是当年讨论这个的时候,只注意了scalability,没注意到客
户multi-homing的需要.客户如果multi-homing的话,就要多个PD的地址段,每台host也
会有多个unicast address (PD). 多个PD又带来诸多问题, load sharing, 换SP的时候
renumbering...Shim6历经多年才变成RFC,不过修成后也没谁用.
后来有开始用PI的地址段,这样换provider的时候不用renumber, 可是PI的后果是
scalability被破坏. 再后来LISP出来了,不过持怀疑态度的一大堆.再后来就是这个了.
.. |
|
z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 45 讲得很好，多谢。
每台Host多个unicast address的情况下，host如何来决定用哪个IPv6 address？
了. |
|
v***v
发帖数: 5504 | 46 嗯，这个有道理，next-hop一定要link local domain才可能一个hop就过去啦。但这个
内部结构的next-hop和static route用户界面的next-hop不能等同概念。用户界面印象
中大都支持global unicast ip或者link local做next-hop（虽然global的可能不推荐
，但既然支持就应该支持好撒），就像你原先那样配置也没出错信息啊，大多时候不也
运行良好吗。不请用户吃饭人家就咬定是你IOS的问题你也没办法，大概JNPR就没有这
个问题:-) |
|
z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 47 恩有道理，multicast关键是可有可无的东西，mcast能做的东西，unicast都能搞定，
只是开销不同 |
|
z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 48 no, that's not the point of using multicast, with unicast, as long as I put
enough resource, I can do whatever multicast can do. |
|
s*****g
发帖数: 1055 | 49 How are you going to implement IPTV with unicast? |
|
z**r
发帖数: 17771 | 50 note we had a huge assumption, that is "we have enough resource", so I can
simply use VoD for every IPTV stream, and VoD is unicast :) |
|
