g*********d 发帖数: 233 | 1 《科学通讯》:Ardi——颠覆人类进化论
2010-01-09
封面故事:Ardi——颠覆人类进化论
1974年,考古学家发现了距今约320万年的化石Lucy,它被认为是人类最早的祖先
。1992年,
埃塞俄比亚的阿瓦什地区发现了Ardipithecus ramidus(始祖种地猿)化石,在出土的36
具骨骼
中,其中一具被起名为Ardi的女性骨骼将改写人类进化历史——她可能是迄今为止发现
的能直立行走的
最早的人类祖先,她生存的时期要比Lucy早100万年左右,距今约440万年。在对这个前
人类物种进
行了长达17年的研究后,科学家们指出,Ardi的出现甚至可能推翻人类是由类似黑猩猩
的祖先进化而
来的传统理论。
达尔文在《人类起源》中指出,人类和现代的类人猿出自共同的祖先。在对颅骨、
牙齿、盆骨、
手、脚和其它骨头进行分析后,科学家们确认,Ardi所代表的物种兼有人类和猿猴的特
征。Ardi的
体貌特征说明,现代猩猩身上某些看起来最古老的特点,比如可以弯曲的手指、能用指
关节拄地行走
的上肢,都是后来演化出来的;而人类手的历史,可能比我们想象的还要长。她的大脑
和黑猩猩的相
同,比... 阅读全帖 |
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c***j 发帖数: 27 | 2 Ancient Skeleton May Rewrite Earliest Chapter of Human Evolution
By Ann Gibbons
ScienceNOW Daily News
1 October 2009
http://sciencenow.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/2009/1001/1
Researchers have unveiled the oldest known skeleton of a putative human
ancestor--and it is full of surprises. Although the creature, named
Ardipithecus ramidus, had a brain and body the size of a chimpanzee, it
did not knuckle-walk or swing through the trees like an ape. Instead,
"Ardi" walked upright, with a big, stif |
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l***d 发帖数: 1828 | 3 http://talk.sciencemag.org/nodes/btoy2010.html
Every December, our editors and News staff face the challenge of reviewing
what science has accomplished around the world in the past 12 months, so as
to select our "breakthroughs of the year." The task is an invigorating one,
providing a powerful reminder of both the enormous scope and the continual
advance of science. Ardipithecus ramidus, reprogramming cells, and human
genetic variation topped our lists in recent years. Now it's your turn: What
w... 阅读全帖 |
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