l*******y 发帖数: 1498 | 1 我的理解是,当spin_lock()后,cpu是disable kernel preemption,当spin_unlock()
后,cpu enable kernel preemption. 所以当A进程spin_lock()后,只有等A的time
slice用完了才会让出CPU。在uniprocessor里,disable kernel preemption和用spin_
lock()效果是一样的,所以它就没用实际的spin_lock()而直接
disable kernel preemption。
这本书我看过,它没有专门说spin_lock()后会disable kernel preemption,只是说在
uniprocessor里会这样。我觉得在multi-processor,spin_lock()也会disable 当前
cpu的 preemption |
|
n******t 发帖数: 4406 | 2 不要扯preemption,就说最先说的,明明就是个基本话题。用户内核态切换,
这东西严格来说和schedule也没什么直接关系,和SMP都没必然联系,和
preemption更没必然联系。你没事空立个靶子说别人不懂,我看不出来
这个point在哪里。
而且kernel preemption不是什么rocket science,
虽然的确需要很多技术手段去很好的实现,但是不懂kernel preemption
就不能做底层开发了?这不是扯淡么。
此外,kernel preemption也不是Linux的强项,
并且大部分server 都不需要kernel preemption。
最后我个人认为你这种做法非常无聊。自己没有建设性意见,
除了xxx没有前途,就yyy没有前途。你觉得什么有前途?
自己基本上没有干货,别人一说干货,你就无限制衍生话题,
直到别人有一些可能不是完全正确的观点出来,你就一整乱high,
真是闲的慌。 |
|
l*******y 发帖数: 1498 | 3 在UP里,如果一个B进程已经得到了lock, 进程A不会去spin_lock(lock),因为B进程
spin_lock(lock)时已经disable preemption了,A只有等B运行完了或者等B spin_
unlock(lock)后 enable preemption了才可能去try。
在MP里,A也受time slice的约束,它的time slice完了就不能再spin了。但是一般情
况下,spin_lock用于短时间的lock,所以应该在time slice用完前它就会得到lock。
spin是会浪费CPU资源,所以在UP里就直接disable preemption了。但是在MP里,为了
protection from concurrency,这已经是相对来说low overhead了。你不可能像UP那
样disable 所有cpu的 preemption吧,那样更浪费。
所以spin_lock用于非常短时间的lock,比如时间短于2次process context switch (
mutex的overhead).
啊? |
|
a**********k 发帖数: 1953 | 4 preemption means time slice support.
so
on UP with preemption, spinlock = disabling preemption = no time slice;
on UP without preemption, spinlock = no op;
Hope this helps. |
|
t*****s 发帖数: 416 | 5 唉。
我都不忍心了。
不愧是玩弄文字的大师,这么快就想到用代码来狡辩
OS的代码内存自然只有一份。
但是所有的CPU有可能同时运行scheduler的代码,而且这些scheduler的运行实例之间
除了不能同时操作进程表以外互不干涉。
假设你在用户态运行了10个进程的browser,你要因为他们共享程序代码就说成你只开
了1个browser么?
如果你要说这就是你的本意,那也随你。我并不像你以踩人为乐。概念给其他看帖的人
说清楚就好。
至于kernel preemption,并不改变我说的关于系统调用过程的正确性。只不过存在
kernel preemption的情况下,我上面说的任何一步都可以被打断而suspend。但是从进
程本身的视角来说,整个过程并没有改变。
何况kernel preemption对处于用户态和内核态的进程都同样有影响。要考虑它也不存
在“内核态说来话长的问题”。你也应该收起以为丢一个你自以为新颖少见的名词就能
让人被震住的态度了。
:关于槽点1:
:“每个CPU上都有一个scheduler”
:楼主不如说每个CPU上都运行着一个linux,你们老师没告诉过你O... 阅读全帖 |
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x****u 发帖数: 44466 | 6 这年头“kernel preemption”都算新颖少见的名词了,你真是不给粉丝团面子。
你再使劲读读代码,先弄清“被打断”的意思吧。
“
至于kernel preemption,并不改变我说的关于系统调用过程的正确性。只不过存在
kernel preemption的情况下,我上面说的任何一步都可以被打断而suspend。但是从进
程本身的视角来说,整个过程并没有改变。
何况kernel preemption对处于用户态和内核态的进程都同样有影响。要考虑它也不存
在“内核态说来话长的问题”。你也应该收起以为丢一个你自以为新颖少见的名词就能
让人被震住的态度了。
” |
|
l****z 发帖数: 29846 | 7 Supreme Court: AZ Can Require Employers to Verify Citizenship Status of
Workers
Thursday, May 26, 2011
By Fred Lucas
Citizens of Hazleton, Pa., Support Anti-Illegal Immigration Ordinances
(CNSNews.com) – In an early test of state immigration reform laws, the
Supreme Court ruled on the side of enforcement regarding an Arizona
immigration law that allows penalties up to revocation of business licenses
for employers that knowingly hire illegal aliens.
The Arizona law in question in this case requir... 阅读全帖 |
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n******t 发帖数: 4406 | 8 我不知道你为啥要去扯kernel preemption的问题。
那东西就是一个patch.主要目的是为了降低latency。
这个和前面说的scheduler的功能原理没什么关系。
Linux Kernel N年都没有preemption也都好好的。
实际上我现在编译server kernel我也不用preemption.
我觉得你最好focus一个事情,否则根本说不清楚。 |
|
l****z 发帖数: 29846 | 9 Concealed Carry Group Sues Ohio State University for Infringing Gun Rights
via Breitbart Feed
On July 6, Students for Concealed Carry Foundation (SCCF) filed suit against
Ohio State University, alleging OSU is infringing state laws meant to guard
the exercise of Second Amendment rights.
During a July 9 conference call, SCCF attorney Derek DeBrosse said:
Ohio's preemption statute says the state of the Ohio is the only body in
the state that can pass regulations that pertain to firearms. This ... 阅读全帖 |
|
l****z 发帖数: 29846 | 10 5 Gubernatorial Races Where Your Gun Rights Are on the Ballot
via Breitbart Feed
Gun rights are essentially on the ballot in a number of Governor's races
around the country. Among these are the races in Arizona, Colorado,
Connecticut, Pennsylvania, and Texas.
In all fives of these states, a pro-Second Amendment candidate or incumbent
is running against a pro-gun control candidate or incumbent.
In the Arizona race, pro-Second Amendment candidate Doug Ducey (R) is
running against pro-gun control c... 阅读全帖 |
|
l****z 发帖数: 29846 | 11 Arizona: Multiple Pro-Gun Bills Pass House and Will Be Heard in the Senate
Judiciary Committee on Monday
On Thursday, House Bill 2535
passed in the Arizona House of Representatives by a 34 to 22 vote
. Introduced by state Representative John Kavanagh (R-23), HB 2535 would
require that when certification from a chief law enforcement officer (CLEO)
is a prerequisite by federal law for the transfer of a firearm or firearm
suppressor -- as defined in the National Firearms Act -- such certification
... 阅读全帖 |
|
l***1 发帖数: 1500 | 12
Texas Senate Passes Two Pro-Gun Measures and Expected to Act on Another
Soon
This week, the Texas Senate passed two NRA-backed measures: Senate Bill 299
by state Senator Craig Estes (R-Wichita Falls), which protects Texas
Concealed Handgun Licensees against charges of unlawful carrying of a
handgun if they accidentally or inadvertently display their firearm; and
Senate Bill 987 by state Senator Glenn Hegar (R-Katy), which allows the
Texas Attorney General to seek a temporary or permanent in... 阅读全帖 |
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c******n 发帖数: 4965 | 13 what exactly does "kernel preemption" mean?
does the kernel control path have to be strictly paired up, well formed?
i.e.
user mode -- intr , kernerl 1 mode --> intr, kernel 2 preemption --> intr --
-> kernel 3 ---> ret_from_intr ---> kernel2 ret_from_intr ---> kernel 1 ret_
from_intr ---> user mode
or can it directly call schedule() in kernel 3 stage and does a context
switch to a user process ?
the book "understanding linux kernel" is very confusing on this |
|
t*****s 发帖数: 416 | 14 你无非就是每次发现自己说错了以后引入一个新的因素来把问题复杂化。
好吧,那我们就按复杂的来。
说kernel preemption。
如果发生在当前进程处于用户态时。
那么不存在你所谓的“内核态说来话长“的问题。
如果发生在当前进程处于用户态时。
那么我说的“一个用户态进程call一个系统调用,系统调用一定是在同一个CPU上直接
执行。”这个过程已经完成了。也不存在问题。
只不过除了“除非系统调用本身有异步操作,那样的话系统调用会call scheduler,然
后suspend保存到内存里去,一会儿被哪个CPU上的scheduler叫起来才会不一定“这个
我说了的特例以外,还有一种特例是系统调用执行到一半被irq handler等高级别代码
preemption,于是suspend到内存里去。
有什么错? |
|
x****u 发帖数: 44466 | 15 “kernel preemption”中文不叫“切换用户内核态”,回错贴了么?
如果没回错贴的话,查查BSOD 0x0A:IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL是什么意思,和“
kernel preemption”有没有关系。 |
|
H****S 发帖数: 1359 | 16 不光是这个。rxjava所带动的reactive stream programming可以帮助你做到很多事情,
1。preemptive control:如果你的stream crash了,如何能让它clean up all the
unclosed resources and start again from a reasonable checkpoint _by itself_
2。stream和stream之间的操作:zip和merge是最常用的两种操作。鉴于stream本身是
纯异步的,如果要自己写这些操作绝对是nontrivial amount of work。
3。stream ordering:你可以选择让stream的items come strictly in order,或者是
fully parallell。
4。back pressure。看上去简单,但是rxjava一开始的支持是基本算没有的,直到后来
加了producer interface。我自己的感觉即便使用producer interface,在rxjava里面
实现backpressure contr... 阅读全帖 |
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m****a 发帖数: 240 | 17 靠你头,说你SB都少了点。
经济类的:
Arbitrage,FED,delta,gamma,vega,theta, GDP,portfolio,stagflation.
Politics:
Fillibuster, propaganda,SLAPP, bill of rights,
Business law related:
clause, due process, meta tag, preemption, Spam, porn, venue, voir dire,
writ of certiorari, ODR, cybersquatting, collective mark, P2P network.
Tech side:
DRAM, SRAM,counter,DFF, adalin,
Don't tell me you can translate all these words, but how can you know these
words before it ever exist?
Just ask your Chinese friend who stay in |
|
t*******e 发帖数: 2113 | 18 判決的原文在這裡,這算是到目前推翻DOMA在聯邦法庭打贏的最重要一戰,此案上訴到
最高法院的可能性很大,Gill案應無意外會成為同志民權的里程碑案例。
http://www.ca1.uscourts.gov/pdf.opinions/10-2204P-01A.pdf
記得上次寫了一點有關憲法第十四修正案與同志婚姻的關係,
這份判決書是對憲法,高院案例,以及其他社會因素的一份不算全面的解釋。
但因為Boudin法官的地位以及影響力,
他的判例會為推翻DOMA鋪路。
Gill案的起因是數對麻州結婚的同性伴侶,因為聯邦退休金法案的限制,
而不能享受與異性配偶同樣的福利所引發的訴訟。
退休金法ERISA - The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974
當中明確規定當各州的退休金法案與ERISA發生衝突的時候,
ERISA作為聯邦法,有權取代州法,
此條款被稱為 ERISA's “preemption clause”。
同樣是聯邦法的DOMA第三條,
定義了“配偶”是異性之間的稱謂,“婚姻”是異性的結合,
使得ERISA在使用“配偶”和... 阅读全帖 |
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c*****g 发帖数: 21627 | 19 【 以下文字转载自 GunsAndGears 讨论区 】
发信人: deltaforce (one bullet one life), 信区: GunsAndGears
标 题: VA州议会否决了assault rifle ban和high capacity mag ban
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sun Jan 20 00:05:35 2013, 美东)
版大,这个可以发吗?如果不和版规,请删贴。
Virginia: Senate and House Committees Take Action on Several Firearm-Related
Bills
The Senate Courts of Justice Committee and the House Militia, Police
and Public Safety Subcommittee recently held meetings on several bills of
importance to Virginia gun owners, sportsmen and supporters o... 阅读全帖 |
|
l****z 发帖数: 29846 | 20 【 以下文字转载自 GunsAndGears 讨论区 】
发信人: webhero (网侠), 信区: GunsAndGears
标 题: VA: 拥枪法案全面胜利!
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Wed Mar 6 14:40:13 2013, 美东)
NRA来信:
Virginia: 2013 Legislative Session Wrap-Up
The 2013 legislative session of the Virginia General Assembly adjourned on
February 23 with the passage of numerous pro-gun reforms and the defeat of
all anti-gun bills. Stay tuned for more details as passed legislation goes
before Governor Bob McDonnell (R) for his signature. Thank you to all NRA
members who stood up... 阅读全帖 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 21 赵丹喵:美联航,开门,法院给你发传票了!
作为一个(还有两个星期拿到纽约州执照的)律师,我一直觉得,学法律在生活中最有
用的事情就是可以理直气壮的撕逼,尤其是作为消费者在对抗大公司的时候。
所以在生活中,每次吃了亏,我会特别兴奋的像猫撞上了耗子,进入职业模式一字一句
阅读商家格式的合同,对着免责条款还要来一番Westlaw检索,挑出了毛病后写一封义
正严辞的投诉信,直接抄送该公司的法律部门,该有的案例引用和法律分析一样不少,
结尾来一句:
Last, I am copying your legal team to initiate the informal negotiation
procedures provided in Section 6(b) of your terms of use. By initiating the
informal negotiation procedures, I reserve my right to bring any type of
dispute, claim, and litigation against [FAKE COMPANY, Inc... 阅读全帖 |
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c********l 发帖数: 1292 | 22 这个专业叫preemption,for emergency vehicles such as cop cars,fire trucks,
ambulance
还有一种叫公交优先,bus priority, 冲突方向的公交走先 |
|
l*******y 发帖数: 1498 | 23 关于1,俺的总结。
There are four necessary conditions for a deadlock to occur:
• Mutual exclusion condition: a resource that cannot be used by more
than one process at a time
• Hold and wait condition: processes already holding resources may
request new resources
• No preemption condition: No resource can be forcibly removed from a
process holding it, resources can be released only by the explicit action of
the process
• Circular wait condition: two or more processes form a circu |
|
a**********k 发帖数: 1953 | 24 That's correct.
on UP without preemption, spinlock is no-op. |
|
K******g 发帖数: 1870 | 25 不是这样的吧?
据我的理解,如果另一个hold lock的进程如果时间比较长的话,spinlock在UniProc上
会增加scheduler的负担,大量的时间消耗在swap上,导致hold lock的那个进程的进展
很慢,结果系统的performance降低了。如果在MultiProc上,hold lock的那个进程不会
因为spinlock而减慢,这样子spinlock的影响就没有UniProc上那么大了.
如果spinlock真的要disable preemption的话,那么它只能出现在MultiProc上。但是,spinlock的概念在UniProc上也存在。
()
spin_ |
|
l*******y 发帖数: 1498 | 26 time slice一直有效吧。在UP里,因为已经disable preemption了,所以A占不了CPU。
在MP里,A会占CPU资源,就跟普通的进程一样。所以说,由于它会在那浪费CPU资源一
直spin等lock,spin_lock()只适合短时间的lock,比如占用lock的时间小于2次
context switch时。否则用mutex更好。还有就是在interrupt里不能context switch,
就只能用spin_lock. |
|
r****o 发帖数: 1950 | 27 非常感谢。
再问一下,是不是目前的UP系统里面大部分还是with preemption的啊? |
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a**********k 发帖数: 1953 | 28 yes, linux kernel2.6 has kernel preemption support. |
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g*********e 发帖数: 14401 | 29 there are 4 conditions, all of which have to be satisfied for deadlock to
happen.
A deadlock situation can arise if and only if all of the following
conditions hold simultaneously in a system:[1]
Mutual Exclusion: At least one resource must be non-shareable.[1] Only one
process can use the resource at any given instant of time.
Hold and Wait or Resource Holding: A process is currently holding at least
one resource and requesting additional resources which are being held by
other processes.
No Pr... 阅读全帖 |
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p*******0 发帖数: 19 | 30 原文链接:https://www.abroadtalents.com/2016/05/17/outsourcing-companies-are
-taking-over-your-h-1b-visa/3073/
网站:www.AbroadTalents.com, 是一个中国留学生自己创办的就业平台,可以免费搜
索E-Verify和支持H-1B VISA的相关职位!
The H-1B is a non-immigrant visa or called a work permit, which allows U.S.
employers to temporarily employ foreign workers in specialty occupations.
For most of the U.S. international students, H-1B visa is the most
significant legal way to work in the U.S. H-1B work-authorization is
strictly limited to employment... 阅读全帖 |
|
|
m**********r 发帖数: 2099 | 32 你签字那张单上写了什么?对方是否当时签字不重要。
如果你事前签字,对你的claim不利。如果你术后补签,这个可以算medical battery,
医生保险公司可以拒保,然后医生说我破产,于是你还是拿不到钱。
优点是你说的这几个州目前对精神损失费无上限,所以律师赚钱多,估计可能有人会接
你这个案子。纽约州的年均medmal payout常年居美国各州之首。
" 难道就没有这方面的专业律师,给不是很大的 那种伤害的人赢得该有的赔偿吗?"
答案是it depends.如果在无cap的州,可能有。如果在有cap的州,没有。
我在一个精神损失费有上限的州。一般我对客户的解释是: 虽然您这个情况受了很大精
神创伤,但被告律师会说: 一对一直不育的夫妇多次试管婴儿才怀上的唯一一个孩子,
因为medical malpractice就惨死在他们眼前,这个精神上的伤害,国会认为只值25万
美元,所以立法规定non economic damages最多也就这么多了。所以您这个损失,对方
可以说连25万美元都不值。
不要以为25万美元很多。由于去年美国高法的几个案子,ERISA lien的preemptio... 阅读全帖 |
|
m**********r 发帖数: 2099 | 33 这就是著名的US Airways, Inc. v. McCutchen case, they fought all the way to
SCOTUS (decided 4/16/13 in favor of the insurance company).下面是我在2012年
这个案子对原告有利的时候写的概要。当时靠这个还没被SCOTUS推翻的ruling,我们在
两个案子里从ERISA lien holders手里要回大概将近50万吧。但2013年McCutchen被高
法推翻以后,这种argument就再没机会了。现在ERISA的preemption没人能碰。
这个案子大致的内容是:被告由于negligence弄伤了原告,于是原告vs.被告。被告最
后赔钱了,但原告在治病期间,是使用单位的健康保险来治病的,而这个保险属于
ERISA。原告自己有out of pocket部分但实际上ERISA保险公司付给医院的费用要远高
于out of pocket的部分。
问题来了:被告赔的钱,还不够ERISA health insurance花费的钱。这个ERISA plan的
合同规定:如果你... 阅读全帖 |
|
m**********r 发帖数: 2099 | 34 你签字那张单上写了什么?对方是否当时签字不重要。
如果你事前签字,对你的claim不利。如果你术后补签,这个可以算medical battery,
医生保险公司可以拒保,然后医生说我破产,于是你还是拿不到钱。
优点是你说的这几个州目前对精神损失费无上限,所以律师赚钱多,估计可能有人会接
你这个案子。纽约州的年均medmal payout常年居美国各州之首。
" 难道就没有这方面的专业律师,给不是很大的 那种伤害的人赢得该有的赔偿吗?"
答案是it depends.如果在无cap的州,可能有。如果在有cap的州,没有。
我在一个精神损失费有上限的州。一般我对客户的解释是: 虽然您这个情况受了很大精
神创伤,但被告律师会说: 一对一直不育的夫妇多次试管婴儿才怀上的唯一一个孩子,
因为medical malpractice就惨死在他们眼前,这个精神上的伤害,国会认为只值25万
美元,所以立法规定non economic damages最多也就这么多了。所以您这个损失,对方
可以说连25万美元都不值。
不要以为25万美元很多。由于去年美国高法的几个案子,ERISA lien的preemptio... 阅读全帖 |
|
m**********r 发帖数: 2099 | 35 这就是著名的US Airways, Inc. v. McCutchen case, they fought all the way to
SCOTUS (decided 4/16/13 in favor of the insurance company).下面是我在2012年
这个案子对原告有利的时候写的概要。当时靠这个还没被SCOTUS推翻的ruling,我们在
两个案子里从ERISA lien holders手里要回大概将近50万吧。但2013年McCutchen被高
法推翻以后,这种argument就再没机会了。现在ERISA的preemption没人能碰。
这个案子大致的内容是:被告由于negligence弄伤了原告,于是原告vs.被告。被告最
后赔钱了,但原告在治病期间,是使用单位的健康保险来治病的,而这个保险属于
ERISA。原告自己有out of pocket部分但实际上ERISA保险公司付给医院的费用要远高
于out of pocket的部分。
问题来了:被告赔的钱,还不够ERISA health insurance花费的钱。这个ERISA plan的
合同规定:如果你... 阅读全帖 |
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m*****f 发帖数: 60 | 36 有五篇稿子,帮转审稿机会,是一个没有影响因子的open access journal,具体topic
如下:
1. Key words: Statistical thermodynamics, Heat capacity of metal, Continuum
physics, Debye temperature, Binomial theorem, Boltzmann constants, Epn heat
capacity
2. Keywords: composite structure; effective stiffness; corrugated skin;
tensile and flexural stiffness.
3. Keywords: Schizophyllum commune; Pycnoporus sanguineus; extraction; yield
; kinetic
4. Keywords: Damage; Structures; Modal analysis; Virtual Flexibility
Matrix(VFM); Identificat... 阅读全帖 |
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s********e 发帖数: 601 | 37 Is it this one?
January 25, 2010
[Recipient Name]
[Street Address]
[City, ST ZIP Code]
Sub: Mismanagement Led to Disadvantage of China Employment-Based Second
Preference in FY 2009
Dear Congressman/Congresswoman/Senator XXX:
I am writing to express my grave concerns regarding severe mismanagement of
the crucial visa number allocation process under of the Immigration Visa
Control and Report Divisio... 阅读全帖 |
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z********i 发帖数: 60 | 38 Did you know?
You are the 10th person from Illinois to sign this petition!
The sample letter in the website when I preview has a lot of space and not
aligned returns. So I delete those hard returns to make the paragraph more
complete. I paste here, hopefully it can be copied and pasted easier.
=================
New Immigrants United
End Discriminatory Practice That Led to Disadvantage of China Employment-Based Second Preference in FY 2011
I am writing to express my grave concerns regarding sever... 阅读全帖 |
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o******e 发帖数: 1761 | 39 看你住哪里,可以向所在county 进行咨询。 不过OH比PA的枪法松很多。 你有CCW不?
1. Ohio gun laws are few and far between. There is state preemption, so
there are effectively no local laws, beyond "discharging within city limits"
, etc. There are no licenses for mere possession or registration. We have a
VERY pro-gun system.
2. There is a 30 round magazine limit, although I've never heard of it
being enforced since I moved here from Apartheid Chicago in 1986.
3. There is shall issue concealed carry.
4. Open carry is totally lega... 阅读全帖 |
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p***r 发帖数: 20570 | 40 This logic is also bizarre. Players other than the top players have many
many holes in their systems. Some of them may not realize them at all. Some
of them may like to incorporate them just because they want to have a trade
off for some other hand types. Still, the transfer preemption is so bad that
you have to have a huge gain from somewhere else to make it really playable
(like the case for multi 2D, multi 2D is also rather bad, but it saves 2H/
2S for some other usages, which can be good (en... 阅读全帖 |
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b*****e 发帖数: 5133 | 41 Why?
只听说以前的DC和芝加哥不能有手枪。
PA的枪支法应该也是preemption,费城的枪法不能比州法更严吧? |
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d********e 发帖数: 2221 | 42 版大,这个可以发吗?如果不和版规,请删贴。
Virginia: Senate and House Committees Take Action on Several Firearm-Related
Bills
The Senate Courts of Justice Committee and the House Militia, Police
and Public Safety Subcommittee recently held meetings on several bills of
importance to Virginia gun owners, sportsmen and supporters of the Second
Amendment.At 8:00 a.m. on Friday, January 18 the Senate Courts of
Justice Committee heard many bills of interest to the NRA.
Action occurred on the f... 阅读全帖 |
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w*****o 发帖数: 1806 | 43 NRA来信:
Virginia: 2013 Legislative Session Wrap-Up
The 2013 legislative session of the Virginia General Assembly adjourned on
February 23 with the passage of numerous pro-gun reforms and the defeat of
all anti-gun bills. Stay tuned for more details as passed legislation goes
before Governor Bob McDonnell (R) for his signature. Thank you to all NRA
members who stood up for freedom and contacted their state legislators
during this session. Below is a listing of Second Amendment victories for
2013.
... 阅读全帖 |
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f*******r 发帖数: 5301 | 44 WA以前是共和党当道,随着seattle附近城市的经济发展,现在民主党占上风,但是和
美国总体情况差不多,权力受到制约和均衡,没有极端化的趋势。
和某些反枪州不同,WA有自己的宪法保证拥枪权,而且有state preemption,任何地方
不得制定严于州法的枪法。WA也没有个人所得税,历年来政府加税的企图都遭到严重打
击。从拥枪和纳税这两件事看,WA离极端“大政府的自由主义”还差得远。
将来怎么样不好说,不过就算德州将来也会被老墨占领,哪都是走一步看一步,人都可
以用脚投票 |
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d*******s 发帖数: 15155 | 45 在东北和西边政客上蹿下跳的时候,大Georgia带来了好消息。
Georgia: Comprehensive Pro-Gun Legislation Passes in House Committee
Yesterday, Pro-Hunting Bill to be Considered by Senate Committee Next Week
Yesterday, House Bill 875 passed in the state House Public Safety and
Homeland Security Committee by a voice vote. It now goes to the House Rules
Committee where it will be assigned to the House floor.
HB 875, introduced by state Representative Rick Jasperse (R-11), is the most
comprehensive pro-gun reform legislation int... 阅读全帖 |
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l******o 发帖数: 8344 | 46 Radio Stations - Florida
RADIO STATION GENRE LOCATION
WATR-AM 1320 Waterbury, CT Oldies USA
FSN Feature Story News World News News,News Updates USA
High Plains Public Radio Classical,Public USA
Thug Zone Live Hip Hop USA
IRSO-FL Roots of Soul R&B USA
Western Intertie Network (WIN System) Talk USA
Mountaineer Radio Adult Contemporary,Classic Rock,Pop USA
Classic Radio JAR101 Adult Contemporary,Soft Rock,Pop,Top 40 USA
WQQB-FM... 阅读全帖 |
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N****w 发帖数: 21578 | 48 https://rt.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Frequently_Asked_Questions
The 2.6 Linux kernel has an additional configuration option, CONFIG_PREEMPT,
which causes all kernel code outside of spinlock-protected regions and
interrupt handlers to be eligible for non-voluntary preemption by higher
priority kernel threads.
With this option, worst case latency drops to (around) single digit
milliseconds, although some device drivers can have interrupt handlers that
will introduce latency much worse than that.
I... 阅读全帖 |
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x****u 发帖数: 44466 | 49 赞楼主不是新人。
关于槽点1:
“每个CPU上都有一个scheduler”
楼主不如说每个CPU上都运行着一个linux,你们老师没告诉过你OS是公用服务么?调度
的代码放在全体CPU共用的内存上,和其他代码一样一共只有一份,只有在需要时才会
被执行。
关于槽点2:
“至于内核态根本没有什么所谓的说来话长,一个用户态进程call一个系统调用,系统
调用一定是在同一个CPU上直接执行。除非系统调用本身有异步操作,那样的话系统调
用会call scheduler,然后suspend保存到内存里去,一会儿被哪个CPU上的scheduler
叫醒才会不一定。”
本来书里也有但是你觉得过时,那就google“Kernel Preemption”吧。
去。 |
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x****u 发帖数: 44466 | 50 你的贴真是不能细读啊:
“
还有一种特例是系统调用执行到一半被irq handler等高级别代码
preemption,于是suspend到内存里去。
” |
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