f****n 发帖数: 67 | 1 使用dsRNA注射昆虫进行RNAi,然后qPCR检测,
dsRNA高温变性后可以反转录成cDNA,
我提取total RNA后不高温变性,直接反转录成cDNA,
不知道注入昆虫体内的dsRNA,会不会影响qPCR的结果。 |
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b********9 发帖数: 1061 | 2 which one is more precise?
1 mg dsRNA powder disolved into 1 ml water, concentration: 1mg/ml
or
the concentration of dsRNA is obtained from Nano drop, 1 mg/ml.
Thanks |
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c*******y 发帖数: 161 | 3 it depends. if your dsRNA is made new, the result is near results from Nano
drop. If your dsRNA is for a long time, such as for one month longer,maybe
your Nano drop result is more precise, in my view, the result from Nano drop
more accurate. |
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b********9 发帖数: 1061 | 4 what if dsRNA shows helix or other secondary structures, which could perturb
absorption?
thanks |
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g*********d 发帖数: 233 | 5 RNA干扰及其在动物繁殖中的应用
2009-12-28
RNA 干扰(RNA interference, RNAi)是生物进化过程中遗留下来的一种在转录后通
过 RNA 调控基因表达的机制, 它是指在真核细胞中引入双链 RNA分子从而导致具有序
列同源性的基因产生特异性基因沉默 (gene silencing)的现象 。由于 RNA干扰可以阻
断特定的基因表达, 具有超越疫苗和抗病毒药物的诸多优点, 因此在阐述基因功能以及
蛋白质相互作用等方面, 表现出诱人的前景。近年来随着分子生物学的发展, RNAi 的
机制也不断被阐明, 同时国内外研究也证实 RNAi 技术可以为动物繁殖过程中所涉及的
基因功能提供一条新的思路, 这在科研和生产实践上都具有重要的意义。
1 RNAi的发现
Matzke 等于 1989 年报道了启动子介导的序列同源性基因共转染烟草可引起转
基因表达发生沉默。 1990 年, Napoli 和 Van der Krol 等为了让矮牵牛花的颜色更
加鲜艳, 把与紫色相关的查尔酮(chalcone)基因转染到牵牛花内, 结果意外发现, 植物
体的颜色... 阅读全帖 |
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w***r 发帖数: 709 | 6 表达某种受体蛋白在所有细胞表面,以增加得病时基因治疗的效率
endogenous crispr cas9,受体导入rna,癌突变随意切
Uptake of extracellular double-stranded RNA by SID-2.
McEwan DL1, Weisman AS, Hunter CP.
Author information
Abstract
Ingested dsRNAs trigger RNA interference (RNAi) in many invertebrates,
including the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Here we show that the C.
elegans apical intestinal membrane protein SID-2 is required in C. elegans
for the import of ingested dsRNA and that, when expressed in Drosophila S2
cells, SID-2 enables t... 阅读全帖 |
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m******i 发帖数: 73 | 7 http://web.mit.edu/press/2011/antiviral.html
New drug could cure nearly any viral infection
Researchers at MIT’s Lincoln Lab have developed technology that may someday
cure the common cold, influenza and other ailments.
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. — Most bacterial infections can be treated with
antibiotics such as penicillin, discovered decades ago. However, such drugs
are useless against viral infections, including influenza, the common cold,
and deadly hemorrhagic fevers such as Ebola.
Now, in a developm... 阅读全帖 |
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v*****s 发帖数: 20290 | 8 【 以下文字转载自 Joke 讨论区 】
发信人: mutouhui (mutouhui), 信区: Joke
标 题: Re: 麻省科学家发现病毒克星“天龙”
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sun Nov 13 19:08:54 2011, 美东)
http://web.mit.edu/press/2011/antiviral.html
New drug could cure nearly any viral infection
Researchers at MIT’s Lincoln Lab have developed technology that may someday
cure the common cold, influenza and other ailments.
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. — Most bacterial infections can be treated with
antibiotics such as penicillin, discovered decades ago. However, such drugs
are useless... 阅读全帖 |
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g*********d 发帖数: 233 | 9 目前表观遗传学(Epigenetics)通常被定义为基因表达通过有丝分裂或减数分裂发生了
可遗传的改变, 而DNA 序列不发生改变[1, 2]。表观遗传学的机
制主要包括DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰及非编码RNA。DNA 甲基化(DNA methylation)是指
在DNA甲基转移酶(DNA-methyltransferases, DNMTs)的催化下, CpG 二核苷酸中的胞嘧
啶被选择性地添加甲基, 形成5-甲基胞嘧啶[3, 4]。DNA 甲基转移酶有两种, 其中
DNMT1 主要起维持甲基化的作用, 能使半甲基化的DNA 双链分子上与甲基胞嘧啶相对应
的胞嘧啶甲基化, 可参与DNA 复制双链中新合成链的甲基化[5]; 而DNMT3a 和DNMT3b
主要起形成甲基化的作用, 能在未发生甲基化的DNA 双链上进
行甲基化[6]。DNA 甲基化一般与基因的沉默相关,DNA 去甲基化则与基因的活化相关[7
~9]。
组蛋白修饰(Histone modifications) 是指组蛋白的基础氨基末端尾部突出于核小体,
常在转录后发生变化, 包括甲基化、乙酰化、磷酸化和泛素化等翻译后的修饰... 阅读全帖 |
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O******e 发帖数: 4845 | 10 看到一篇发在PLoS One上的小文章,说发明了Broad-Spectrum Antiviral
Therapeutics。
我就是好奇,这东西看起来很酷啊,怎么会发在了PLoS One上?
Todd H. Rider*, Christina E. Zook, Tara L. Boettcher, Scott T. Wick, Jen
nifer S. Pancoast, Benjamin D. Zusman
Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, Ma
ssachusetts, United States of America
Abstract
Currently there are relatively few antiviral therapeutics, and most whic
h do exist are highly pathogen-specific or have other disadvantages. We
have developed a new broad-s... 阅读全帖 |
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x**y 发帖数: 46 | 11 很有创意,只是还不够完善。看看其他的评论:
Broad-spectrum antiviral strategy
Peter Hare
Journal name:
Nature Biotechnology
Volume:
29,
Page:
885
Year published:
(2011)
DOI:
doi:10.1038/nbt.2014
Published online13 October 2011Most antiviral therapies are pathogen-
specific and likely to select for resistance if the virus can mutate the
drug target. Rider et al. couple the ability to detect long double-stranded
RNA (dsRNA)—a telltale indicator of viral infection in mammalian cells—
with procaspase-activated apoptosis ... 阅读全帖 |
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c*****t 发帖数: 1084 | 12 your virus may make dsRNA particularly when multiple-infections
take place. therefore, those dsRNAs are recognized by Dicer to
produce siRNAs, which are 22nt in size.
what kind of viruses are you using? |
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S****r 发帖数: 982 | 13 Then, how could it be explained that dsRNA analogy in culture medium
activates TLR3, while transfected dsRNA analogy activates RIG-1/MDA5?
Thanks in advance!
at
production. |
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L****S 发帖数: 89 | 14 Thanks for the discussion. I know which papers you are talking about. We
have to think about immunology here.
In the endosomal compartment, for dsRNA, ssRNA, DNA, TLR3/7/9 sense them
accordingly. No big question here.
In the cytosol, dsRNA is a strong "danger" signal showing viral infection
. That's why every cell has PKR, RIG-I/MDA-5, etc. So I speculate, when
liposome delivers ssRNA, RIG-I/MDA-5-mediated cytosolic response dominates
the TLR3 signal, quantitatively or qualitatively.
In the pape... 阅读全帖 |
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p**t 发帖数: 160 | 15 I got it. It seems RIG-I and MDA-5 recognize dsRNA intracellularly.
Does TLR3 do it in a similar way or it recognizes dsRNA which exists
out of cells? |
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f**********e 发帖数: 6 | 16 hi
Here is my cv, it would be appreciated if I can have the chance to review
the article.
Thanks
Hao
Harvard Medical School
Curriculum Vitae
Name: Hao Wang
Office Address: Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Harvard University
3 Blackfan Circle, CLSB 1010
Boston, MA 02215
Home Address: 103 Gordon street,
Boston, MA 02120
Work Phone: (617) 602-6786
W... 阅读全帖 |
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j********r 发帖数: 156 | 17 Is there any disadvantage of using siRNA transfection for some functional
assay, such as cell viability or cell death? Can anyone recommend a vendor
for
synthesize dsRNA (if the target sequence is already known for efficient
knockdown, based on the use of shRNA)? Many thanks,
|
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L****S 发帖数: 89 | 18 Great question! I think it may be all about location. And transfection
reagents alter the distribution of ligands to different subcellular
locations.
For TLR4, it's surface vs. endosome.
For dsRNA, it's endosome vs. cytosolic.
Maybe a cell biologist can tell us how liposome tranfection works? |
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c**g 发帖数: 14 | 19 I think your explanation of location is logical, however I have read a paper
which said that the DOTAP transfection reagents (liposome based) can
directly deliver DNA/RNA into the endosome, and the TLR3 located mainly in
the endosome,so why is RIG-1/MDA5 activated when dsRNA is transfected
through liposome? |
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z*t 发帖数: 863 | 20 Beutler得奖,Medzhitov会不会有意见?
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1074761309002
Ruslan Medzhitov
This year marks the 20th anniversary of a publication (Janeway, 1989) that
in many ways revolutionized our understanding of the immune system. As part
of the proceedings of the Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on Immune Recognition
, the paper authored by the late Charles A. Janeway, Jr. was not a standard
peer-reviewed publication. In fact, Charlie used to refer to it as “the
best paper I've ... 阅读全帖 |
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b********9 发帖数: 1061 | 21 利用什么方法,能把只有一两个bases不同的small dsRNA区分开来?
谢谢 |
|
X***n 发帖数: 366 | 22 Without clearly define, the question is hard to answer.
It may be solved by using ligase.
利用什么方法,能把只有一两个bases不同的small dsRNA区分开来?谢谢
★ Sent from iPhone App: iReader Mitbbs 7.28 - iPad Lite |
|
l**********1 发帖数: 5204 | 23 上图 SD its means
下图 SEM its mean
Btw,
降低 bias 就可能 增大 SEM的 error 拿测量甲地 乙地 女子的身高来作为例子
乙地的 习格格 陈小丹格格 的 身高 岂是 甲地的 芙蓉姐姐 凤姐等的身高 一样容
易测到的 哈 (NB: 钻 北方 南方地域贴的 请左拐 进菌版八区 在那里撸管)
pls refer
Sanjuan R.
From Molecular Genetics to Phylodynamics: Evolutionary Relevance of Mutation
Rates Across Viruses
PLoS Pathog. (2012) 8: e1002685.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3342999/
its pp5 left column
>To reducing bias, this method
accounts for phylogenetic relatedness (on the other hand, it
in... 阅读全帖 |
|
l**********1 发帖数: 5204 | 24 上图 SD its means
下图 SEM its mean
Btw,
降低 bias 就可能 增大 SEM的 error 拿测量甲地 乙地 女子的身高来作为例子
乙地的 习格格 陈小丹格格 的 身高 岂是 甲地的 芙蓉姐姐 凤姐等的身高 一样容
易测到的 哈 (NB: 钻 北方 南方地域贴的 请左拐 进菌版八区 在那里撸管)
pls refer
Sanjuan R.
From Molecular Genetics to Phylodynamics: Evolutionary Relevance of Mutation
Rates Across Viruses
PLoS Pathog. (2012) 8: e1002685.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3342999/
its pp5 left column
>To reducing bias, this method
accounts for phylogenetic relatedness (on the other hand, it
in... 阅读全帖 |
|
j****x 发帖数: 1704 | 25 (-)RNA病毒从整个viral life cycle的角度来说,并不比(+)RNA病毒“多一道手脚”。
(+)RNA病毒的“好处”是自身即可作为mRNA,直接翻译出病毒蛋白。但是在其复制过程
中仍然需要经过(-)RNA形式的复制中间体,才能合成新的(+)RNA。
(-)RNA病毒则需要包装在病毒颗粒内的RdRP合成(+)RNA,充当mRNA及复制中间体,最后
合成新的(-)RNA完成复制周期。
两者的复制过程中都存在dsRNA这一必经阶段,都可能触发TLR Signaling以及其他一系
列innate immune response,“安全性”上讲也似乎没有本质差别。 |
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p**t 发帖数: 160 | 26 两者的复制过程中都存在dsRNA这一必经阶段,都可能触发TLR Signaling以及其他一系
---------
Which kind of TLR? inner cell?
列innate immune response,“安全性”上讲也似乎没有本质差别。
”。 |
|
j****x 发帖数: 1704 | 27 对病毒的起源和进化没什么整体上的认识,直觉上讲两者各有利弊,在自然选择中进化
出和宿主相互作用的机制来看,两者基本共通,起源上应该有重叠。
RNA病毒不管+-还是双链对天然免疫的逃逸是其立足之本。方式之一是编码dsRNA
binding protein,包裹起来免于被识别,比如流感病毒。二是直接作用于天然免疫信
号通路中的重要蛋白,比如HCV。最极端的自然是HIV,免疫系统直接被crash了 |
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g*******r 发帖数: 129 | 28 谢谢分享. 对病毒学和基因治疗方面的工作应该有指导意义.
不过跟大家熟知的dsRNA诱导干扰素途径相比, DNA分子的诱导活性应该不在同一个数量
级. |
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h**********t 发帖数: 545 | 29 科普,什麼是RNAi轉基因:
版上很多人對RNAi沈默應該是了如指掌,就不多解釋了。如果我們針對昆蟲某些關鍵基
因設計RNAi,並且讓昆蟲攝取這些RNAi,那RNAi就可以拿來當殺蟲劑使。然後我們想的
更遠,設計一種植物,高等動物沒有,但死昆蟲有的RNAi,連接上載體並在植物細胞內
部表達,然後昆蟲去取食植物細胞,昆蟲就都死掉了。本質上這是一種轉基因,只不過
轉的不是bt毒蛋白,而是一種dsRNA罷了 |
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h**********t 发帖数: 545 | 30 理論上是這樣的,但是實際上用於作用的dsRNA長度很長,被Dicer切碎後只要有一個片
段function,還是能起作用的。這也是我在學術會議上聽別人說的。
有人用RNAi轉基因作物去喂蟲子,餵了好多代,也沒有篩出抗性種群 |
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w***a 发帖数: 4361 | 31 如果用很长的dsRNA,那就无法避免off target effect呀。
用在棉花这些作物上估计没人有意见,
但是大豆,玉米,小麦就还是算了吧。 |
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g*******r 发帖数: 129 | 32 关键还是dsRNA导入昆虫肠道细胞的效率可能不足. |
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i***l 发帖数: 1656 | 33 所以设计RNAI的引物要和QPCR的引物分开,二者的位置不能OverlaP
你问的这个,可以自己试试,不过你的单个Case也不一定应用到所有的Case。问题在引
物设计的时候就可以避免了。 |
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f*****f 发帖数: 195 | 34 反复冻融跟frost free没啥关系,4C也不存在冻融
rna:影响小,dsrna 稳定,ssrna相对不稳定
dna:几乎无影响
medium:4C
compound主要看其结构本身,protein 或peptide稳定性就比较差
一般而言powder稳定性>>stock solution
实验重复不出来因素太多。 |
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I****S 发帖数: 2 | 35 生物物理所副研究员的Lingpeng Cheng,被11g刚刚挖到清华做副研究员。上周cheng发
表一篇Science文章,很显然是在生物物理所完成的,但是署名上完全避开了生物物理
所,说不过去吧。这不是给施校长在风尖浪口上继续抹黑吗?
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Cryo-EM shows the polymerase
structures and a nonspooled genome
within a dsRNA virus
Hongrong Liu1*† and Lingpeng Cheng2*†
1College of Physics and Information Science, Hunan Normal
University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China. 2School of Life
Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
*These authors contributed equally to this work. †... 阅读全帖 |
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m****g 发帖数: 530 | 36 最近,研究人员意外地发现了致死性黑素瘤(Melanoma)细胞的一个弱点,可以使
癌细胞转而攻击自己。这项研究结
果发布在8月份的《Cancer Cell》上。
这项研究为非传统的侵略性皮肤癌细胞清除疗法的研究提供了一个新靶标。
皮肤癌的主要特点是高转移率和治疗抑制。尽管做了相当大的努力来研究黑素
瘤化学和免疫抗药性的分子机制,但是
手术不能治愈转移的病人的平均生存率还是很小。
关于黑素瘤细胞的自我吞噬还没有深入研究过,之前的研究表明自我吞噬与癌
细胞的死亡和生存有关。对于未来的药
物研发来说,还不是很清楚是否这个过程是一个有效的靶标。所以,Soengas和他的同
事做了一系列研究来观察自我吞噬
和细胞死亡的相互关系。
研究发现,黑素瘤细胞能够保持对双链RNA(dsRNA)识别和应激的能力。双链
RNA位于细胞质内,大部分的动物细
胞含有单链RNA,所以似乎这是病毒特有的RNA。黑素瘤细胞对双链RNA伪装成聚肌苷酸
(polyinosine-polycytidylic
acid ,pIC)的活动产生免疫应答并导致自 |
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